Bilibili, Inc. (NASDAQ: BILI) Q1 2022 earnings call dated Jun. 09, 2022
Corporate Participants:
Juliet Yang — Executive Director of Investor Relations
Xin Fan — Chief Financial Officer
Rui Chen — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Carly Li — Vice Chairwoman of the Board and Chief Operating Officer
Analysts:
Lei Zhang — Bank of America — Analyst
Yiwen Zhang — China Renaissance — Analyst
Alex Yao — J.P. Morgan — Analyst
Carly Li — Vice Chairwoman of the Board and Chief Operating Officer
Alex Poon — Morgan Stanley — Analyst
Xueqing Zhang — CICC — Analyst
Presentation:
Operator
Good day, and welcome to the Bilibili 2022 First Quarter Financial Results and Business Update Conference Call. Today’s conference is being recorded.
At this time, I would like to turn the conference to Juliet Yang, Executive Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Juliet Yang — Executive Director of Investor Relations
Thank you, operator. During this call, we’ll discuss our business outlook and make forward-looking statements. These comments are based on our predictions and expectations as of today. Actual events or results could differ materially from those mentioned in today’s news release and in this discussion, due to a number of risks and uncertainties, including those mentioned in our most recent filings with the SEC and Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The non-GAAP financial measures we provided are for comparison purpose only. Definition of these measures and a reconciliation table are available in the news release we issued earlier today.
As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. In addition, an investor presentation and webcast replay of this conference call will be available on Bilibili IR website at ir.bilibili.com.
Joining us today from Bilibili’s senior management are Mr. Rui Chen, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer; Ms. Carly Li, Vice Chairwoman of the Board and Chief Operating Officer; and Mr. Xin Fan, Chief Financial Officer.
And I will now turn the call over to Mr. Fan, who will read the prepared remarks on behalf of Mr. Chen.
Xin Fan — Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, Juliet, and thank you, everyone, for participating in our 2022 first quarter results conference call. I’m pleased to deliver today’s opening remarks on behalf of Mr. Chen.
In the first quarter, the unexpected outbreak of COVID-19 struck China nationwide, impacting people’s everyday lives. Shanghai, where our headquarters are based, were particularly impacted by the strict lockdown. During this challenging time, our top priority is to the health and the safety of our employees. Over 8,000 of our staff members have been working from home since mid-March. And we arranged essentials to be delivered to our employees in Shanghai where it was the most difficult to get supplies. In addition, we opened our documentary library to the public free of charge during the May holidays and donated 2 million premium Bilibili memberships to Shanghai Citizens. We are glad to see that the lockdown just ended last week and hope everyone’s life and our daily business can return to normal order, too.
Confronting the challenges, our business foundation remains strong and resilient. In the first quarter, our vibrant community continued to grow at a faster pace. Total MAUs grew by 31% year-over-year to 294 million, and the DAUs grew even faster at 32% year-over-year, reaching 79 million. Total user traffic, which we calculate as DAUs multiplied by daily time spent per user, grew 52% year-over-year. During this period, each user spent an average of 95 million on Bilibili per day, the longest we have seen in our operating history. These strong user metrics represent our solid business fundamentals, and we are seeing the momentum continue as we move through the second quarter.
Despite the short-term impact from the COVID lockdown, our total net revenue for the first quarter came in at RMB5.05 billion, up 30% year-over-year. In the first quarter, both our paying ratio and NPUs reached a record high of 9.3% and 27.2 million, respectively.
Live broadcasting was a major driver during the period with paying user members growing 60% year-over-year. Despite softer industry demand, we continue to gain market share in advertising and grow our ad revenue by 46% year-on-year in Q1. Improving our ad efficiency and exploring new products, such as ad in Story Mode, a few of the initiatives we expect to leverage as we work our way through the challenging macro environment in the coming quarters.
User growth, effective spending control and improving our operating efficiency, our top goal, we have made some progresses on each of these fronts in Q1. Sales and marketing expenses decreased by 29% quarter-over-quarter, accounting for 25% of total revenue, down from 31% in the previous quarter. Server and bandwidth costs decreased by 2% quarter-over-quarter, which was no small feat given our daily video views increased by 36% sequentially. We continue to invest in R&D in Q1, which we believe is essential for long-term and sustainable growth.
Regardless of the pandemic impact to our short-term financial metrics, we remain committed to our mid and long-term growth of narrowing our loss ratio and reaching breakeven. Moving forward, we will further strengthen our commercialization capabilities, control costs and improve human capital efficiency. With that overview, I’d like to go through some details of our first quarter operations across our content, community and commercialization. Bilibili’s unique content and community offerings provide our users an irreplaceable experience in the online video space.
Since 2021, we have successfully expanded to a multi federal video community by launching our Story Mode and smart TV app. These have effectively brought our rich content to users in more formats that resonate with them across different viewing preferences.
User response to our short-form video Story Mode had been very inspiring. This short-form video with B2B features provides a unique watching experience to satisfy users’ undergo entertainment needs. Story Mode brought an incremental increase in total video consumption, contributing more than 20% of our total video views in the first quarter. And these numbers have continued to grow in Q2. In addition to more views and creating deeper community bonds, Story Mode has also opened up a new avenue for commercialization opportunities with advertisers as well as our live broadcasting services.
During the period, user primarily engaged with content in the lifestyle games, entertainment, ATG and the knowledge categories. Across these top verticals and others, content creation remains robust. Monthly average content submission was 12.6 million, increasing by 63% compared with the same period last year. Monthly active creators during the quarter was 3.8 million, up 75% year-over-year. The deep value we place on our creators is one of the reasons we are able to maintain our robust content and healthy community. The key to motivate their continuous creation to help them gain recognition and provide the money to reward. We are providing them with both. Content creators with more than 10,000 followers increased by 44% in the first quarter, beyond our cash incentive program. Content creators are encouraged to realize their commercial value more fully through multiple avenues, including live broadcasting, our Sparkle ad platform, creator recommended as and the direct tips from users. In the first quarter, a total of 1.1 million content creators had received monetary compensation for their work, up 19% year-over-year.
As for our community, we continue to foster an active environment for our users to get closer to the content and the interact with creators and each other. We can see this not only with a record average daily time spent, our platform of 95 minutes in the first quarter, but also in the increased average daily video views, which grew by impressive 84% year-over-year to nearly 3 billion. The number of monthly interactions in Q1 reached 12.3 billion, up an impressive 87% year-over-year. The bonds between our users and community have continued to grow. By the end of March, we had a 158 million official members, a 41% with a stable 12-month retention rate of 83%. Both our Story Mode and the smart TV have played a positive role in driving engagement levels.
Now let’s take a look at our commercialization efforts. Accelerating our commercialization efforts is our most important target this year. Despite multiple headwinds, our business is resilient with advertising and e-commerce business have and will be particularly impacted in the near term, we are paying more attention to the quality of our revenue growth, particularly the margin contribution of each business segment. For our game business, in the first quarter, net revenue from our game venues increased 16% year-over-year to RMB1.36 billion. We continue to invest in in-house game development by acquiring a new studio in the first quarter. At the same time, we are closely monitoring our existing projects and conducting agile testing to keep our pipeline ahead of the fast involving industry. We are also working to improve our industrialized development capabilities, which is equally important in lending an idea that works.
Turning to our pipeline. Three games have already been approved as some others are in the late approval stage. And for our game operation in overseas market, we have three titles for launch in the second quarter, more for the second half of this year.
Turning to our VAS business. Net revenues for VAS was RMB 2.05 billion, an increase of 37% year-over-year. Beyond the pandemic with a lot of monetization opportunity in this segment, particularly in live broadcasting and other innovative community related value-added services. Our power for PUGV video library and the pool of talented creators give us a unique advantage to leverage and reinforce our live broadcasting business. In the first quarter, the number of active live broadcasters on Bilibili increased by 88% year-over-year. We continue to roll out more tools and a function to let creators showcase their talent and introduce new forms of interactive virtual gifting programs. Meanwhile, the popularity of the re-mode opened a new gateway for users to discover, including live broadcasting content. With these initiatives, a seamless and natural conversion to a paid user arises in the first quarter. NPUs in live broadcasting increased by 60% year-over-year.
And for our premium membership, by the end of the first quarter, we had 20.1 million premium members, a 25% increase year-over-year. Nearly 80% of these were annual or auto renew packages subscribers, representing their strong trust in us. In 2022, we will continue to add exciting content to attract members, including a series of Bilibili produced Chinese anime, variety shows and documentaries.
Looking at our advertising services, revenues from this segment were RMB1.0 billion, an increase of 46% year-over-year. In the first quarter, our top five advertising industry verticals were games, skincare and cosmetics, 3C products, automobiles, and the food and beverage. In March, the unexpected COVID lockdown cost travel restrictions and logistics difficulties in major cities in China. So, advertising dollars was delayed or placed on hold. Compounding the headwinds, we are pressing forward to expand our advertising scenarios with more innovative ad products and increase our ad efficiency with a better conversion tool kit.
We launched our Story Mode ad in April and the initial feedback is encouraging. Compared with the text of feature-based ads as in the Story Mode has higher ROI to add customers and bring an incremental increase to our ad inventory as well as our EGPM. We plan to allocate more resources to improve its performance, including algorithms and product abilities. E-commerce is another area deeply impacted by the logistic disruption caused by the pandemic. As we believe our customer trust is our most valuable asset, we offered our customers a free deliver delay services and automated refund option. As recovery begins, our May GMV sales while again on the rise. Going forward, we will continue to explore new innovative models to maximize our IP value and achieve synergy with our leading content verticals.
Compounding the macro challenges, our action plan is clear for the rest of the year. First, we aim to take all necessary steps to resume normal business operations. Second, we will be focusing on the quality of our users and our revenue growth, particularly DAU metrics and our business segment margins. Lastly, we will take essential action to further control our cost and expenses.
This concludes Mr. Chen’s remarks. I will now provide a brief overview of our financial results for the first quarter of 2022, and the outlook of — for the second quarter of 2022.
Total net revenue for the first quarter was RMB5.05 billion, up 30% from the same period of 2021. Cost of revenues increased by 43% year-over-year to RMB4.2 billion. Server and bandwidth costs as part of the related fixed cost component decreased 2% quarter-over-quarter. Server and bandwidth cost per video views decreased 27% quarter-over-quarter, showing our ongoing efforts and progress in cost savings. Our gross profit in the first quarter was RMB807.2 million and gross margin was 16%. Total operating expenses was RMB2.8 billion, a 42% from the same period in 2021, which represents a 9% quarter-over-quarter decrease from Q4 2021.
Sales and marketing expenses were RMB1.3 billion, representing a 25% increase year-over-year and RMB507.7 million decreased quarter-over-quarter. Selling and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenue was 25%, down from 30% in previous quarter. G&A expenses were RMB535.3 million, representing a 38% increase year-over-year and keep flattish quarter-over-quarter. R&D expenses was RMB1.0 billion, representing a 74% increase year-over-year. The increase was primarily due to increased headcount in research and development and share-based compensation expenses. We will close monitor the progress in our eyes of our investments and make ongoing adjustments when necessary.
Net loss was RMB2.3 billion for the first quarter of 2022, compared with a net loss of RMB904.9 million in the same period of 2021. Adjusted net loss, which is a non-GAAP measure was RMB1.65 billion, compared with RMB891.0 million in the same period of 2021. Basic and diluted net loss per share for the first quarter was RMB5.80, compared with RMB2.54 in the same period of 2021. Adjusted basic and diluted net loss per share was RMB4.20, compared with RMB2.50 in Q1 2021.
Turning to our capital allocation and the liability management. We announced our $500 million share repurchase program in early March. As of March, 31, 2022, approximately 1.4 million ADSs had been purchased under this program for a total cost of $30 million. We are also optimizing our liability level. In Q1, the company repurchased and canceled an aggregate principal amount of $204 million of convertible senior notes with a total cash consideration of $147.9 million, and recorded cash saving of RMB338.8 million. As of March, 31, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents, term deposits and short-term investments of RMB24.7 billion, as for our intent to convert to do primary listing on the main board of Hong Kong Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ. The Hong Kong Exchange has acknowledged our application, setting October 3, 2022 as the proposed effective date for our conversion to primary listing. It will expand our access to a wider investor base, while we expect to maintain our listing status on NASDAQ.
With that in mind, we are currently projecting net revenues for the second quarter of 2022 to be between RMB4.85 billion and RMB4.95 billion.
Thank you for your attention. We will like now to open the call to your questions. Operator, please go ahead.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Lei Zhang with Bank of America. Your line is open.
Lei Zhang — Bank of America — Analyst
[Foreign Speech]
Thanks management for taking my question. My question is mainly about the COVID lockdown impact to our business in first half? And then how should we look at our second half user trend and the overall business outlook post the lockdown? Thank you.
Rui Chen — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
[Foreign Speech]
Well, I believe the pandemic is one of the question that most people cared about for the first half of this year. And it indeed has bought severe impact to macro economy and people’s everyday life, especially in Shanghai as one of the cities was particularly impacted.
[Foreign Speech]
Taking visibility, for example, over 8,000 of our Shanghai employee have been working from home since 14th of March, and we are just now starting to gradually returning back to office this week. Until 13th of June, all the employees will be fully back to work. This is a total three full months. You can imagine how it does to every day — people’s everyday life in Shanghai.
[Foreign Speech]
And how do we see this impact — COVID impact to visibility? Indeed, it has bought short-term impact to our business, particularly for advertising and e-commerce. However, we do not think — we don’t think there’s any impact to Bilibili’s long-term growth.
[Foreign Speech]
For example, for our advertising business, there are some short-term impact. For example, in many cities in China in the first half of this year, people are in some sort of lockdown or staying-at-home mode, making a lot of the advertisers putting their advertising plan on hold or delaying their advertising dollars. And that’s the effect.
[Foreign Speech]
As for Bilibili’s e-commerce business, because starting from March, especially in April and May, a lot of logistics disruption due to the lockdowns or staying at home measures across different cities in Shanghai — in China, and that’s impacting people’s willingness to purchase as well as deliver services. So, we do expect this impact will continue in second quarter.
[Foreign Speech]
And all this impact to our app business and e-commerce business, we do think it’s temporary, especially after June when we reached on a milestone to combating the COVID situation, a lot of the impact is starting to mitigate and disappear.
[Foreign Speech]
As for Bilibili’s fundamental, we don’t think there’s any impact brought by the pandemic. For example, the visualization is on unstoppable trend. And we see the young generations, their needs towards entertainment and cultural products is still very, very strong. And their consumption towards cultural-related product has become even stronger. So that’s why we do not — we do think that there’s no impact to our fundamentals.
[Foreign Speech]
And looking at the specific user matrix, for example, in Q1 our MAU grew 31% year-on-year. DAU grew 32% year-on-year. Both of the matrix is accelerating compared to Q1 last year.
[Foreign Speech]
As for the quality of our user growth for this quarter, our DAU’s growth rate outpaced the MAU growth rate. And for our paying user growth rate outpaced the DAU’s growth rate, and we achieved a record high paying ratio of 9.3. So we have not only experienced a very fast user growth rate, the quality of those user is also very strong. And this is all done under the scenario that we have not increased any of our sales and marketing budget.
[Foreign Speech]
Bilibili have the business model of a typical platform — internet platform business model, whether it’s DAU or paying ratio on this record high time spent of 95 minutes, and the engagement level grew 87% year-on-year. All those metric can be translate to commercialization. And that’s why we think the COVID for Bilibili has no long-term impact.
[Foreign Speech]
As for the outlook for the second half for this year, for Q2, there’s still impact lingering and perhaps the impact to Q2 is even greater than Q1. But since June this year, we can see there’s a sudden change of the environment, different cities in the country starting to recover from the lockdowns. And that’s why we do think for the second half of this year, things will start to recover.
[Foreign Speech]
As for the user growth, we have delivered step-by-step of our user growth target. At the same time, we’re playing more — we’re paying more attention to the quality of the user, at the same time closely monitor the expense we spend on top line marketing.
[Foreign Speech]
As for the business side, as I mentioned, June is the month we’re starting to walk out of the COVID impact and we also believe this is the time we’re starting to pick up our growth — growth rate for each of our business line.
Operator
Our next question comes from Yiwen Zhang with China Renaissance. Your line is open.
Yiwen Zhang — China Renaissance — Analyst
[Foreign Speech]
Thanks for taking my question. My question is regarding Story Mode. So can management share more color on this latest update such as what role to play in our broader content ecosystem? And what’s the progress on the commercialization aspiration around that? Thank you.
Rui Chen — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
[Foreign Speech]
Indeed, since we released the earnings, a lot of people are asking about the progress of Story Mode because the Story Mode’s total video views has now contributing more than 20% of our total video views. This is a very tangible new format of content that’s playing a bigger role.
[Foreign Speech]
First of all, I have three points I wanted to emphasize on Story Mode. First of all, it is a pure incremental traffic for Bilibili. It’s not like the Story Mode traffic is replacing some of the old PUGV traffic, but while users are watching more PUGVs, they are watching even more Story Mode.
[Foreign Speech]
And from a statistic perspective, our video views has grown 84% year-on-year and Story Mode is contributing over 20% of the total traffic. And if we are excluding the Story Mode contribution, the PUGV growth rate is still around 50% to 60%, which is the similar rate we have kept in the past. That means, the Story Mode is a pure incremental addition to our visibility ecosystem.
[Foreign Speech]
As for the Story Mode, the vertical short form — short video format, this is not something new. As a matter of fact, we have this type of content starting from two to three years ago. And to our daily operation, the most thing important is to make sure for this type of content is adding an incremental traffic instead of replacing old traffic. And from the results, we have done a very good job.
[Foreign Speech]
Why we can build an incremental traffic growth from Story mode because we have viewed the story mode a very Bilibili unique flavor type of content. If we look at the Story Mode’s video creator, many of those are our content creator. And for the consumer of the Story Mode are Bilibili existing users. But those users are consuming this type of content during their fragmented time on a more light scenario. So we believe for the Story Mode, actually, it is comprehensive as a whole product, supplement to our original PUGV content. And it’s actually expanding a new consumption scenario for our users.
[Foreign Speech]
And for our content creator who’s very good at making long-form videos, it’s actually very easy for them to create a short vertical format of content. It’s like asking you want to post a Weibo, but it’s very difficult to ask a Weibo user to write a long article.
[Foreign Speech]
And asking our content creator to make more shorter vertical format of content actually help us to increase the video submission and also is helping our user to expand their video consumption scenario, making them more — become more active and engaged on our platform. It’s a win-win situation for us.
[Foreign Speech]
And thirdly, I want to emphasize, for Bilibili, we are not a tool type of product. It’s very easy for people to see some of the Internet platform or product as a tool. This particular product is for player for long-form video. This is a product for a short video player. This is a platform for live broadcasting. But for Bilibili, we have it all. Because instead of being a tool, Bilibili is actually a content, a community platform that gathers people.
[Foreign Speech]
For the industry player, we are used to separate users by the product needs. However, from a user perspective, they choose product by the content verticals, not by their industry categories. For example, a game lover will not only watch the PUGV — game PUGV, they will watch the game-related live broadcasting. He or she might also play Bilibili produced or licensed games. As for our knowledge sector users, he or she might both consume the knowledge-related PUGV and also watch the documentary on Bilibili.
[Foreign Speech]
And so as for story, there are massive content supply on the story, is related to lifestyle, foodie, pet, and those content category are actually narrowing the PUGV categories on Bilibili.
[Foreign Speech]
Many years ago when Bilibili started to do live broadcating business, people would ask if we want to compete with certain live broadcasting platform. My answer [Technical Issues] this is expanding our users’ needs and expanding our content offerings. And so as for Story Mode, we’re not competing with the short-form video platforms out there. We’re actually satisfying our users’ existing need and expand their content consumption scenario, giving what they need.
[Foreign Speech]
Lastly, on commercialization, the beauty of the short-form videos are, its model has been very, very mature. And there are so many very successful precedents in the industry. It has been proven to be — have very high efficiency of ad conversion rate and its conversion for live broadcasting is also very good. And from our practice, it’s also being proven this model works, and this will bring incremental commercialization opportunity to Bilibili.
[Foreign Speech]
We’re starting to make a lot of trial runs with Story Mode product. Until now, so far, the progress has met with our expectations and we’ll continue to allocate more resource to develop Story Mode, and we believe it will bring incremental traffic to our Bilibili ecosystem. Essentially, it could be even bigger than the incremental PUGV traffic that bring — has brought to Bilibili.
[Foreign Speech]
And rest assured, the launch of Story Mode will not change how the Bilibili ecosystem works. It will actually become a new highlight of the Bilibili ecosystem. As like many years ago, we started to do live broadcasting and some of the user expressed concern whether we’re going to change to a live broadcasting platform. As a matter of fact, now live broadcasting has become an essential element embedding within our ecosystem. I believe the same thing will happen with the Story Mode. Bilibili will now become a short video platform. However, this will be part of our ecosystem, serving users different needs and expanding our content offerings, bringing incremental traffic.
[Foreign Speech]
We believe in the near future, we’ll have more and more high-quality mid to longer form video be more on Bilibili. It will be even more high-quality short-form video born and spread on Bilibili.
That concludes Mr. Chen’s answer. Next question, please.
Operator
Our next question comes from Alex Yao with J.P. Morgan. Your line is open.
Alex Yao — J.P. Morgan — Analyst
[Foreign Speech]
I would like to ask some questions on advertising. Fundamentally, we agree with Mr. Chen Rui, the long-term determinator to advertising monetization include: number one, the total platform usage; number two, user demographic; and number three, the ad tech, none of which has anything to do with the short-term COVID impact. But we, as the investment community follows the company and track the company on a quarterly basis, so we would like to understand the near-term trend of our advertising. For example, what are the advertiser categories that are more vulnerable to COVID impact? And what are the categories who are more resilient? Similarly, what are the advertising formats that are more resilient? And what are the more vulnerable advertising formats? Now that Shanghai has reopened, how do we see the advertising revenue growth rate into the next couple of quarters? Thank you.
Carly Li — Vice Chairwoman of the Board and Chief Operating Officer
[Foreign Speech]
Thank you, Alex. I think you mastered the very essential advantage of Bilibili’s advertising business. Like you said, due to macro economy slowdown and the pandemic impact, many advertisers’ budget were delayed or placed on hold in the first half. At the same time, this is also making the advertising market reflecting the various reasons to invest for advertising. We believe the platform that we have is the platform has high user value and the ability to influence users’ mindset. And we’ve also continued to invest in technology that improve our conversion rate. We believe in the longer term, Bilibili will be more favored by advertisers.
[Foreign Speech]
The average age of Bilibili user is 23.5 years old and 86% of our users are below 35 years old. More than half of our users are from first and second-tier city, all of which metric represents the main cohort that’s driving all kinds of consumption in China. By mastering this population, we have become the platform that all the advertisers crave. And if you look at past two to three years, our ad load has stayed 5%. We haven’t increased any of our ad load. Our advertising has maintained relatively higher growth rate throughout the last two to three years. And this is an evidence that the advertiser really values Bilibili’s user as well as the Bilibili brand. Even though that the ad dollar in the market might reduce in the short-term, but we remain optimistic about Bilibili’s advertising long-term growth.
[Foreign Speech]
As for the industry vertical that’s especially resilient in the first quarter, game, 3C, food & beverage, skincare & cosmetics has been pretty strong, resilient, especially for games and automotive. In first quarter without any game approval being issued, we have delivered a better than expected game advertising dollar increase. As for automotive, because Bilibili’s user is growing with the platform, their consumption power is also growing. This has been captured by a lot of the automotive advertisers. They are willing to spend more advertising dollars to attract and influence Bilibili users.
[Foreign Speech]
Confronting the macro uncertainties and short-term fluctuations, we will be focusing on doing the right things, the right thing that serves for long-term. We will be focusing on developing more standardized and industrialized integrating marketing ability. This will be our long-term growth engine. And relying on the rapid iteration of our product capabilities and data capabilities, we’ll continue to strengthen the construction of our middle platform for commercialization. And among the ad customers who invested in Q1, 74% of them brought across different products — across different ad products. A customer who brought integrated marketing campaign, namely brand performance and native apps, also grew significantly year-over-year.
[Foreign Speech]
On top of what we get in the area, we’re also expanding our ad scenario, integrate multiple products and multiple scenario, including PC, mobile apps, iPass, Smart TV, as well as PUGV, OGV live broadcasting and moment pages, making sure whenever the users are, our advertiser can reach them. And for the Smart TV devices, in Q1, the total MAU has reached over 50 million. And for those TV users it serves a nice addition to our existing user base. It’s a supplement to our existing user cohort. A lot of them are from third and fourth tier city and their time spend has been very good. And we’ll continue to invest in those Smart TV and help us to convert more living room and family scenarios. And we aim to further enhance this multiterminal integration to optimize our marketing solutions. On top of all that, we will further expand and invest in the Story Mode commercialization initiatives. And from our initial data for the Story Mode, advertising eCPM has been quite significantly higher compared to our traditional advertising scenarios, and its conversion rate is also improving. So on top of that, we will first do what we are good at and add more scenarios and continue to invest in the Story Mode commercialization.
[Foreign Speech]
And further leveraging our content creators’ creativity, we’ll launch more ad products that fits with Bilibili ecosystem. Now more than 24,000 content creator and more than 6,500 advertisers has joined our Sparkle app platform. We believe this number will double this year. And for Sparkle app platform is one of the advantageous Bilibili advertising has, it essentially is a reservoir for advertisers. Content creators creative ideas will help us to retain advertisers to stay in our ecosystem. For the second half of this year, we will aim to expedite the process of connecting native ads with more standardized ad products. For example, in the first quarter, more than 40% of our ad customer purchased other standardized ad products to pair with their Sparkle orders.
[Foreign Speech]
Lastly, we aim to combine the industry trends with our ecosystem advantages, riding on the wave of visualization trend and leveraging the power of our content ecosystem, we have achieved healthy and quality growth of users. And we’ve also discovered the video-based app has much better conversion rate than the traditional apps. Over 65% of our performance apps revenue came from video-based apps. And our eCPM has grown significantly year-over-year in the quarter. And the Story Mode on the other hand also serves a very incremental traffic and revenue growth for advertising business. So for the — as we look for the second half of the year, we’ll continue to do the right thing and to invest for the future, and the results will speak for itself.
Operator
Our next question comes from Alex Poon with Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.
Alex Poon — Morgan Stanley — Analyst
[Foreign Speech]
Thanks management for taking my question. My question is related to live streaming business. Regarding the recent new regulation, can management share with us the impact of this regulation? And what’s our expectation for development of this in future? Thank you.
Rui Chen — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
[Foreign Speech]
So, for the recent regulation update, it actually has no impact to Bilibili’s live broadcasting business and the full year target for our live broadcasting business remain unchanged.
[Foreign Speech]
We’ve always mentioned that live broadcasting serves a very important part of our ecosystem. It’s a natural extension of our video platform. Our growth will not be relying on attracting outside live broadcaster to the platform, attracting outside user to Bilibili’s live broadcasting. As a matter of fact, there’s very strong very overlap between the live broadcasters and content creators, a lot of the overlap with the video users and live broadcasting users. So my confidence in live broadcasting long-term and sustainable growth remain unchanged.
Operator
Our next question comes from Xueqing Zhang with CICC. Your line is open.
Xueqing Zhang — CICC — Analyst
[Foreign Speech]
Thanks for taking my question. I would like to ask questions related to gross margin and the cost control on the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Firstly, with the latest strategic focus, we operate higher priority on gross margin improvement and the cost control, and we propose a target to achieve a breakeven point on a non-GAAP basis by 2024 in last quarter’s earnings call. Is there any change? And how do you balance the target with user growth? And lastly, what’s the gross margin trend for the second quarter and the second half of the year? Appreciate a lot if you could share more color on the segment gross margin trend. Thank you.
Rui Chen — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
[Foreign Speech]
So the target of achieving non-GAAP operating breakeven by 2024 remain unchanged. As I mentioned, the COVID impact for Bilibili is short term and temporary. It doesn’t hurt our fundamentals or — nor our long-term target.
[Foreign Speech]
The margin pressure you see in first quarter is mainly due to COVID that resulted in slowdown of our revenue growth. And if you look at the expense side, we’re actually not spending more money.
[Foreign Speech]
And you asked about the relationship between user growth and expense control. As a matter of fact, Bilibili’s user growth model was never purely driven by the sales and marketing expense. It’s actually driven by our content ecosystem, by this in — made in nature of good content. Those good content is essentially attracting user growth. And the expense we spend on sell-side marketing is only helping people to quickly realize there’s a very good platform called Bilibili. So it’s never about just spending sales and marketing to drive user growth. As a matter of fact, our users’ engagement level and retention level has remained a very healthy nature. And in the future, we’ll be paying more attention on the sales and marketing ROI. And — but for this effort, it will not impact our user growth trend as well as the retention rate.
[Foreign Speech]
As the question whether we’re going to put expense control on top of the everything else, like I mentioned in last earnings call, starting from 2022, there’s a lot of macro changes domestically and internationally even though there’s, in addition, COVID impact. But a lot of the difficulties we’re facing is not just rock because of the COVID. And in nature to control costs and improve efficiency is the most important job for Bilibili and also for the industry as well. And for the specific action points, we wanted to be very, very focused strategically to go deep with our business, not go broad. And yeah, this is — this has come to a stage for Bilibili as well as the industry player to be all focused on cost control and efficiency improvement.
[Foreign Speech]
As for the gross margin, the margin pressure that we’re facing in first quarter is mainly because the COVID impact resulted in the revenue growth slowdown. As I mentioned, as the COVID starting to ease in the second half of this year, our revenue growth rate will return to a normal trajectory and also the gross margin level will come along with it.
Xin Fan — Chief Financial Officer
Yeah. I just want to add some points. First of all, when we were talking about the breakeven, everyone prioritized cost control, efficiency improvement. But we think for Bilibili, as mentioned by Mr. Chen, it’s equally important to expand our top line. So first of all, we still believe that there’s a pretty room for us to improve our monetization efficiency. So we are aiming to improve our paying ratio and expand our ad market share to improve our segment margin throughout the second half of this year. Even in the first quarter, we still saw the gross profit margin for live broadcasting and our ad business improve quarter-over-quarter. So that trend will continue in the remainder of this year.
And for the cost control side, we also made some progress in the first quarter, but in the second quarter there are some pandemic. So the result of the cost control action will be more reflected in the second half of this year. And we — there are some highlights to the numbers. First of all, you saw the sell and marketing expenses decrease by 29% quarter-over-quarter. Now it’s just flat to 25% of total revenues. Last quarter was 30%. And for the server bailout cost, it’s down like 2% quarter-over-quarter, while our total user traffic grow like 28% quarter-over-quarter.
And for R&D expenses, we primarily invest in game development, data, ad efficiency and product related abilities. We still believe it’s essential to improve our productivity and to improve our monetization efficiency. But we thought it’s also important to invest in the future and also look at the ROI of those investment. So this year, we plan to continue and selectively invest in this area, but we will very closely monitor the progress of each project and make adjustment if necessary and to improve our total capital efficiency. So we expect the selling and marketing, G&A and R&D as a percentage of total revenue will be gradually decline from Q3 as our topline expand, and the loss margin will be naturally narrow. For Q2, yes, the overall spending will be flat quarter-over-quarter. So that will be the outlook for the margin side. Yeah, that’s all.
Operator
And that concludes the question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference call back over to management for additional or closing comments.
Juliet Yang — Executive Director of Investor Relations
Well, thank you once again for joining us today. If you have further questions, please contact me, Juliet Yang, Bilibili’s Executive IR Director or TPG Investor Relations. Our contact information for IR in both China and U.S., can be found on today’s press release. Have a great day. Bye-bye.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]