Brown-Forman Corporation (NYSE: BF.B) Q2 2022 earnings call dated Dec. 08, 2021
Corporate Participants:
Sue Perram — Director of Investor Relations
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Analysts:
Kevin Grundy — Jefferies — Analyst
Andrea Teixeira — JP Morgan — Analyst
Vivien Azer — Cowen and Company — Analyst
Steve Powers — Deutsche Bank — Analyst
Lauren Lieberman — Barclays — Analyst
Sean King — UBS — Analyst
Bryan Spillane — Bank of America — Analyst
Presentation:
Operator
Good day and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Brown-Forman Corporation Second Quarter and First Half Fiscal 2022 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers’ presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Please be advised that today’s conference is being recorded. [Operator Instructions]
I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Sue Perram, Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Sue Perram — Director of Investor Relations
Thank you and good morning everyone. I would like to thank each of you for joining us today for Brown-Forman’s second quarter and first half fiscal 2022 earnings call. Joining me today are Lawson Whiting, President and Chief Executive Officer and Leanne Cunningham, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.
This morning’s conference call contains forward-looking statements based on our current expectations. Numerous risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated or projected in these statements. Many of the factors that will determine future results are beyond the company’s ability to control or predict. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements and the company undertakes no obligation to update any of these statements whether due to new information, future events or otherwise.
This morning, we issued a press release containing our results for the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2022 in addition to posting presentation materials that Lawson and Leanne will walk through momentarily. Both the release and the presentation can be found on our website under the section titled Investors Events and Presentations. In the press release, we have listed a number of the risk factors you should consider in conjunction with our forward-looking statements.
Other significant risk factors are described in our Form 10-K and Form 10-Q reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. During this call, we will be discussing certain non-GAAP financial measures. These measures, a reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures and the reasons management believes they provide useful information to investors regarding the company’s financial conditions and results of operations are contained in the press release and investor presentation.
With that, I would like to turn the call over to Lawson.
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Sue, and good morning everyone. I’m pleased to share our second quarter and first half of fiscal ’22 results with you today. But before I do, we’ll open up with a toast, a toast to the fact that after three and a half years, the U.S. and EU reached an agreement on trade in steel and aluminum and the EU will be removing tariffs on American Whiskey on January 1, 2022.
The tariffs have been in place longer than I’ve been in this role and as such, it’s been one of the most discussed topics of my tenure as CEO, having been a part of our conversations in the past 12 quarterly earnings calls, as well as the last three Annual Stockholder Meetings. It’s been an exhausting and expensive chapter in the company’s 151-year history as we’ve been so disproportionately impacted by the tariffs compared to our competitors. We’ve remained strong and resilient as an organization and I believe we are very well positioned to deliver solid growth in the short, in the medium and in the long term.
That said though, you can be certain that we look forward to the return of a level playing field for American Whiskey in the EU and hope a similar outcome can very soon be achieved between the U.S. and the U.K. So with that let’s turn our attention to the other headlines of our first half. First, our top line growth remain strong, driven by the reopening of the on-premise channel, the return of tourism and the cycling of the lower comparisons during the first half of last year, most notably in the emerging markets and travel retail. Second, we really do have pretty significant optimism about the health of the spirits industry and our business in particular.
We continue to see strong consumer demand across our portfolio brands and we’re benefiting from consumers’ increased preference for spirits and the sustained growth for both the American Whiskey and Tequila categories. Our portfolio, which consists largely of premium and super premium brands is also really benefiting from the continued premiumization trends across our industry.
Our other major headline is that we continue to face challenges from the supply chain, largely related to glass supply, which has really impacted our finished goods inventories along with the inventories of both the distributor and retailer levels. This is a contributing factor to the difference in our reported and underlying results. While working to mitigate this impact, the supply chain challenges, along with higher input costs, mainly related to agave continue to pressure our gross margin. Liam is going to talk more about this in just a few minutes.
I’ll start with the top line, where our overall underlying net sales increased 12% in the first half even as supply chain disruptions had an adverse effect on the year-to-date results. This was led by a double-digit underlying net sales increase for the Jack Daniel’s family of brands. Within the Jack family, Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey fueled the growth with underlying net sales of plus 15%.
First half of this fiscal year is benefiting from relatively easy comparisons as the prior year included a time period where the on-premise channel was largely closed around the world. On a two-year CAGR, Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey grew underlying net sales 3%, which is similar to the low-single digit growth the brand delivered pre-pandemic.
The consumer trends of flavor and convenience continue to drive the growth of the Jack Daniel’s Flavors and Jack Daniel’s RTDs. Higher volumes of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, which just celebrated its 10th year in the market, as well as the continued international launch of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Apple contributed to high single-digit growth and underlying net sales for the Jack Daniel’s Flavors. And Jack Daniel’s RTDs grew underlying net sales mid-single digits in the first half of the fiscal year.
Notably, this growth comes against difficult comparisons. On a two-year CAGR, the Jack Daniel’s RTDs delivered 19% underlying net sales growth. So, overall, we believe consumer demand for RTDs remains very strong on a global basis. Woodford Reserve continued to benefit from premiumization trends, which were only amplified by the pandemic and the growth in the American Whiskey category. The brand again delivered double-digit underlying net sales growth despite supply chain challenges. We believe the underlying consumer momentum for Woodford Reserve remains incredibly strong.
Our full strength Tequilas, Herradura and el Jimador continue to benefit from the strength of the tequila category and grew underlying net sales in the first half by 46% and 19% respectively. This increase more than offset a decline in New Mix, which is a reminder experienced exceptional growth in the first quarter of fiscal ’21, driven by the temporary interruption in Mexico’s beer supply chain.
In addition, our emerging brands portfolio in the U.S. continued its momentum, growing strong double digits, even as it was cycling the strong double-digits comparison in the first half of last year. Old Forester, Chambord, our Single Malt Scotch portfolio and Fords Gin led this growth. We also strengthened our investment behind our emerging brands teams in several markets in Europe this past year.
Based on our experience in the U.S., we know that super premium brands benefit from a high level of focus and we’re seeing the benefit in Europe already as the Woodford Reserve family of brands, the single malt scotches, as well as our tequilas and Chambord have responded with very strong growth. I do think our portfolio of super premium brands, supported by a dedicated emerging brands team, offers the company a really big opportunity for growth internationally and we plan to be more aggressive in our expansion plans in the future.
The key themes in the first half of this fiscal year are really about our focused efforts on driving top line momentum, but while absorbing the cost of the tariffs and significant increases in input costs, especially agave and wood and through it all we continue to invest in the long-term health of our brands. But thankfully, I do believe many of the headwinds we have faced are beginning to become tailwinds.
The emphasis on long-term growth and performance is built into Brown-Forman’s DNA. We’re fortunate to have a shareholder base that understands the importance of making decisions today that will deliver value for the next generation. This long-term perspective is replicated time and time again in all that we do and is foundational to our business strategy, as well as our integrated environmental, social and governance commitments.
We recently updated our global sustainability goals, which serve as a roadmap for advancing our sustainability efforts, reducing the company’s environmental footprint and increasing our positive impact on the community and the environment. The goals were highlighted in our most recent Annual Report, but given the importance of the work, I wanted to call special attention to them today.
The new sustainability goals center around really four pillars: climate action, specifically to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, water stewardship, circular economy and our supply chain. We recognize the increased importance for organizations like Brown-Forman to play a leading role in the environmental stewardship and look forward to sharing our progress against these goals in the years to come.
In a moment, I’ll hand the call over to Leanne, who will provide more details on our first half of fiscal ’22 results as well as our recent capital allocation actions. But before I do, on behalf of the Brown-Forman Board of Directors and executive leadership team, I want to say thank you to the 4700 Brown-Forman employees around the globe, who give me a multitude of reasons to be thankful as we mark the end of another calendar year.
As a company, we’ve lived our values of integrity, respect, trust, teamwork and excellence each and every time we’ve had headwinds and challenges come our way. The last few years have not been easy, but it has been a beautiful thing to watch how our teams have responded and produced solid business results. By living these values, our people have enabled our business to be resilient and I believe that because of our people, Brown Forman will get better year after year and continue to thrive for generations to come.
Leanne, I’ll now hand the call over to you.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Thank you. Lawson and good morning everyone. As Lawson reviewed our headlines for the first half. I will provide additional details on our business results and our outlook for fiscal 2022 starting with the top line. Reported net sales were up 9% in the first half of the fiscal year compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. This growth was driven by favorable price mix, higher volumes and the positive effect of foreign exchange, partly offset by an estimated net decrease in distributor inventories and the effect of the sale of Early Times, Canadian Mist and Collingwood brands during the first half of fiscal 2021.
The decrease in distributor inventory is primarily due to the supply chain disruptions Lawson mentioned and that I’ll address in more detail momentarily. From an underlying net sales growth perspective, we experienced broad-based growth across all of our geographic clusters of the U.S., developed international markets and emerging markets, as well as our Travel Retail channel.
Starting with the U.S. business, which represents approximately half of our underlying net sales, for the first half of fiscal 2022, underlying net sales grew 6% due to higher volumes, as well as positive size and channel mix, Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey was the largest contributor to growth, fueled by higher volumes and a favorable channel mix shift with the reopening of the on-premise channel.
Recent trends observed by mobility and OpenTable reflect a stabilization in the on-premise channel just below their pre-pandemic levels. Consumer premiumization trends continue to propel our premium bourbons led by Woodford Reserve and Old Forester, both with their strong double-digit underlying growth rates, along with strong consumer demand for our tequila brands, resulted in higher volumes of Herradura and el Jimador. This growth was partially offset by lower volumes in the off-premise channel due to strong prior-year comparisons.
Supply chain disruptions, particularly for the Jack Daniel’s Flavors and Woodford Reserve also had an adverse effect on our first half results and reduced inventory levels. These disruptions impacted our finished goods inventories, along with inventories at our distributors and retailers. In the e-premise channel, our market share remained slightly above 2% and well above pre-pandemic levels even as the on-premise channel reopened and consumers began to return to in-store shopping.
Developed international markets collectively delivered strong underlying net sales growth up double digits in the first half with broad-based growth across the markets despite supply chain challenges. This growth was largely driven by the reopening of the on-premise as well as a rebound of tourism in some markets. The Jack Daniel’s family of brands experienced strong growth driven by Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey high single-digit volume growth led by markets such as Germany and the U.K. where the brand is gaining share. The brand also grew in Spain as tourism returns and Korea where whiskey consumption shifted to international brands.
Jack Daniel’s ready to drink experienced strong volume growth in Germany, where we continue to be a category leader and the U.K. These gains were partially offset by lower volumes in Australia due to strong prior-year comparisons. Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey grew volume double digits fueled by gains in France, Czechia and Korea, and collectively the Jack Daniel’s super premium brands Gentleman Jack and Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel grew volume low-single digits as they were significantly impacted by supply chain challenges.
In addition to the Jack Daniel’s family, collectively our super premium brands delivered very strong double-digit underlying net sales growth. As Lawson mentioned, we continue to invest in these brands through our emerging brands group in Europe. Collectively, our emerging markets continue to rebound against easier comparisons with strong double-digit underlying net sales growth, driven by the growth of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey in Turkey, Brazil and Chile.
They continued launch of Jack Daniel’s Apple, most notably in Brazil and Chile and collectively our full strength tequila brands grew double-digits in Mexico as the down-trading trend shifted back towards premiumization, which more than offset the strong prior-year comparisons of New Mix RTDs. While New Mix is down year-over-year, the brand is performing above its pre-pandemic levels.
And from an innovation perspective, we continue to innovate in the RTD category and recently launched el Jimador Seltzer in Mexico in October. Finally, our Travel Retail business continue to experience a strong rebound as we cycled against significant declines during the early days of the pandemic. Volumes continue to remain below their pre-pandemic levels as international airline travel and the cruise business have not fully recovered.
Moving onto gross profit and gross margin. In the first half of the fiscal year, reported gross profit increased 9% with underlying growth of 12% in line with our underlying top line growth and gross margin was down 10 basis points year-over-year. This represents an improvement in gross margin in the second quarter compared to the same period last year. Consistent with last quarter, we continue to navigate the impacts of global supply chain disruptions and input cost headwinds.
As we shared last quarter, our supply chain disruptions have largely been driven by glass supply constraints. While glass supply constraints have eased in the second quarter, they resulted in a decrease in our finished goods inventory, along with the inventories at both the distributor and retailer. These challenges have had a negative impact on our price mix in the first half of this fiscal year due to unfavorable product mix on our higher-margin brands including the Jack Daniel’s family of brands as well as Woodford Reserve.
And similar to many other CPG companies, we have also experienced higher than expected logistics cost. The input cost headwinds related to agave and commodity prices, largely grain and aluminum, also continued throughout the first half of the year. Consistent with our last call, greater demand of our tequila brands, driven by the continued growth in the U.S. and a faster than expected rebound in Mexico has required a greater supply of agave. As a reminder, agave costs are below their peak, though easing at a slower pace than expected due to the higher demand within the category.
Turning to our operating expenses. We continue to support our top line momentum through our investments behind our iconic brands and our people. Our reported advertising expense increased 24% and on an underlying basis grew 23% in the first half as we lap the impact of the early stages of the pandemic when on-premise activations, consumer events, summer festivals and sponsorships were rescheduled or canceled.
Reported SG&A expenses increased 10% with underlying growth of 8%, driven by the timing of compensation related expenses, non-income tax items and the cycling of lower discretionary spend during the same period last year due to COVID-19. In total, on a reported basis, operating income decreased 15%, largely driven by the effect of acquisitions and divestitures, primarily the gain on the sale of Early Times, Canadian Mist and Collingwood brands last year and the decrease in distributor inventories. And on an underlying basis, operating income grew 13% for the first half. The decrease in reported operating income combined with an increase in our effective tax rate resulted in a 24% decrease in diluted EPS to $0.89 per share.
And finally to our fiscal 2022 outlook. Even with the volatility and potential resurgence of COVID-19 due to emerging variants, we remain confident in our top line growth momentum based on the continuing performance of our U.S. business, the collective strength of our developed markets, which performed well throughout the pandemic in the off-premise channel and should continue to benefit from the reopening of the on-premise channel and increasing levels in tourism.
In the aggregate, we still expect strong growth in our emerging international markets, as well as Travel Retail as we cycle the effect of easier comparisons and they continue their path to recovery. And further. We do not expect our non-core business mainly used barrel sales to have a material impact on our results this year. We also believe our portfolio remains well positioned to continue to benefit from growing premiumization trends.
Additionally, as we mentioned last quarter, given the strength of our brands, we are able to focus on value growth through revenue growth management initiatives and have increased price on a number of our brands in the U.S., including Jack Daniel’s. We believe our ability to take price reflects the health and the investments we are making behind our brands as well as a more favorable pricing environment. Based on our strong results in the first half of the fiscal year, coupled with solid consumer takeaway trends, we now expect underlying net sales to grow in the high single-digit range.
Turning to gross margin. We continue to manage through the unfavorable impact of global supply chain disruptions and have deployed a number of risk mitigation strategies to address the various constraints on our business. While we expect these disruptions to continue throughout the remainder of the fiscal year, we believe the impact will become less significant in the second half of the year. We believe this along with persistent cost headwinds related to agave, logistics cost and commodity prices will continue to have a negative impact on our gross margin.
We also believe we will have a modest impact from the removal of tariffs in the EU. The tariffs are scheduled to end on January 1, 2022. Therefore, the impact to the full year fiscal 2022 will be minimal, but it will be a tailwind. As a result of these factors, we still expect gross margin for the fiscal year to be flat or slightly down.
The spirits category continues to take share from beer and wine and we will continue to invest behind our brands to ensure we optimize our opportunity to gain share in the market. We expect underlying advertising expense to be in line with top line growth, which is consistent with our long-term philosophy. We also remain committed to supporting our various strategic initiatives including our three new RTCs of Russia, Belgium and Taiwan, the continued expansion of our emerging brands team in select international markets and the increased investment in our digital marketing and e-commerce capabilities.
Therefore, we now expect our underlying operating expenses, advertising and SG&A to be in the high single-digit range. And we now expect our underlying operating income to grow in the high single-digit range in line to slightly below underlying net sales growth. Lastly, we continue to expect our fiscal 2022 effective tax rate to be in the range of about 22% to 23%. As a reminder, the seasonality of our results are expected to be volatile for the remainder of the year, particularly our operating income as a result of unusual comparisons in our prior year.
Before I conclude my remarks, I wanted to briefly highlight our longstanding capital allocation philosophy that has produced strong results for our investors and allowed us to maintain a healthy balance sheet. As I shared during our Investor Day in September, our four guiding principles are: first to fully invest behind our business, second to pay increasing regular dividends, third to opportunistically look for acquisitions that we believe create long-term value, and finally to seek opportunities to return cash to shareholders in excess of regular dividends.
Throughout the pandemic, we thoughtfully and judiciously prioritized, managed and allocated capital and emerged with an even stronger balance sheet. As we announced on November 18th, the Brown-Forman’s Board of Directors approved a 5% increase in the regular quarterly cash dividend. We are proud to be a member of the prestigious S&P 500 Dividend Aristocrats Index having paid regular quarterly cash dividends for 78 consecutive years and increased the regular dividend for 38 consecutive years.
In addition, Brown-Forman’s Board of Directors declared a special cash dividend of $1 per share or approximately $480 million on our Class A and Class B common stock. We firmly believe our capital allocation philosophy, coupled with our strategic priorities, will continue to drive superior returns over the long term. In summary, we are pleased with the strong first half of the fiscal year. We are able to share these results today because of the strength of our brands and the commitment of our people, the strong and talented spirits that make up Brown-Forman.
Over the last 20 months, our employees around the world have demonstrated the same high level of agility and resilience that we’ve seen exemplified throughout the course of our 151-year history. They have shown us once again that we can continue to build our brands, achieve our strategic ambitions and thrive in the long term even under challenging conditions, all it requires is determination, perseverance and a commitment to ensuring there is nothing better in the market than Brown-Forman.
This concludes our prepared remarks. Please open the line for questions.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Kevin Grundy from Jefferies. Your line is now open.
Kevin Grundy — Jefferies — Analyst
Great, thanks. Good morning, everyone.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Good morning, Kevin.
Kevin Grundy — Jefferies — Analyst
I was hoping you could spend a moment on the U.S. market, which is obviously your biggest market globally. When I look at the reported results, it appears that the U.S. declined in the second quarter, very strong first half of the year, but declined a bit in the second quarter. The year-over-year comparison look similar in the first quarter relative to the second and understand you’re working through some supply chain issues, but maybe just spend a moment on some of the factors driving the deceleration in the second quarter. And then relatedly perhaps you have an estimate for depletions in the U.S. and/or all channel retail takeaway. And then I’ve a follow-up. Thanks.
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
All right. Hi Kevin. Let me step back as kind of we knew this question was coming a little bit. I want to give you a little bit of a longer story of what has happened with the Jack Daniel’s family and then also the impact on the rest of the portfolio really over the last two years. So, if we go back to fiscal ’21, just a reminder to everyone, this is a global state, but not a U.S. I’ll get to the U.S. sort of towards the end.
But just as we look back to fiscal ’21, so the year that ended April 30, 2021, Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey sales were down 4%, but Brown-Forman Corp was plus 6%. So this was the year obviously that Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey with its huge on-premise presence around the world went into decline. I mean, I think the good news or the positive news out of that or the positive takeaway out of that was that Brown-Forman has now got enough legs under the stool that when Tennessee whiskey struggled a little bit, the Company can deliver a plus 6%. So we felt pretty good about that.
Now moving forward. Now moving into fiscal ’22, the on-premise business in the U.S. really started to come back in a stronger way sort of late spring, early summer and Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey came with that and had a very, very strong start to the fiscal year as you mentioned. But then at the same time as that is happening, the supply chain problems creep into our situation really in late spring, early summer and Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey was the first to really feel it.
And so we drew down inventories at the beginning of the year, really throughout the entire supply chain on a global basis. But eventually that started to hit us harder. We started to have out of stock problems later in that kind of late summer, early fall. And we had to make some tough decisions. And so what we did was prioritized — this was sort of, I’ll say, August timeframe — August, September time frame, where we said we have to keep Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey moving and healthy, particularly as the on-premise is reopening again.
So the glass really got prioritized for Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey and you’ve seen pretty good performance out of the brand throughout even I think through the first half and feeling pretty confident in the outlook even in the second half. But what happened with that that has been so difficult was, in particular, the Jack Daniel’s Flavors in the U.S., Gentleman Jack globally, Woodford which is primarily the U.S. brand also felt it, even Old Forester felt it.
So, we began to — those brands all began to soften in really September-October timeframe. And so a lot of you all that are looking at say NABCA data or Nielsen data that’s coming through in that September-October timeframe, especially as I said on the Flavors. If you look at Schedule B in the earnings release, it has the distributor inventory column. You can see the difference between reported and underlying there and you can see the huge numbers on there as we’ve really taken down inventories, particularly in the United States and we fought off these out of stock problems.
Now that — it’s a long way of getting around to saying this — or getting an important point across, the situation is improving now. We do believe the worst is behind us, but it has been a challenging difficult situation in the last few months, particularly if you take a brand like Woodford just as an example or even Gentleman Jack, the consumer momentum behind those brands is so strong that to have out of stocks just absolutely makes life very difficult and our commercial teams obviously are very frustrated with that whole situation.
But as are the production teams and everywhere else, it is a massive effort inside the company to try to mitigate these challenges as best we can. And we’re doing it. And as I say, I think it’s behind us. So you’ll start to see improved numbers — takeaway numbers going forward, particularly in the U.S. An important point to make in all that is all this is inside the guidance that we gave. So, we were able to raise sales guidance even after fighting through all these problems. So thank you for listening to me that was a long answer to that, but I wanted to — we needed to kind of get that out there before we get through the rest of this call, I think, because it affects everything.
Kevin Grundy — Jefferies — Analyst
No, it’s very helpful color. If I could just squeeze in one more and then I’ll pass it on. I suppose the other sort of obvious question is this unwelcome new COVID variant. So, I think any color that you can provide in terms of what you saw in your business in the month of November? What you’re seeing now, particularly in perhaps more channel sensitive areas that being on-premise, Travel Retail? Anything you can share there I think would be helpful. I’ll pass it on. Thank you.
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
I mean, if I’m honest, it’s been too soon to see anything, particularly in November. It’s just not impacting results right now in the on-premise, you all have seen the numbers. The on-premise numbers are actually pretty good in the United States these days. It’s not absolutely fine, but we have not seen degradation. I mean, I think — I don’t think, well, I’d be guessing. I don’t think the Omicron is having a big of an effect is really. I mean, I think the restaurants and the labor shortage and all the other challenges that the on-premise world is having that we’ve all experienced. I’m sure if you go out to dinner is having a bigger limiting impact on the on-premise really than variants on.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
And then the only thing that I would add is over time to this last 20 months, our teams and our brands have figured out how to navigate through different levels of restrictions in different channels and we have figured out a way how to continue to get our brands in the hands of our consumers through it all.
Kevin Grundy — Jefferies — Analyst
Okay. Very good. Thank you, both. Good luck.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Andrea Teixeira from JP Morgan. Your line is now open.
Andrea Teixeira — JP Morgan — Analyst
Thank you. Good morning. So, I wanted to just go back to the tariff relief. This is like something that will impact — I was surprised that didn’t bring, of course, you had a lot of different pressures on the cost side, but it sounds to me like keeping the margin flat with the form of benefit you have ahead of you, like can you parse out what type of pressures that you are having or you finding the need to invest more in pricing or promo or anything that we may not be aware of? And if you can give us like a little bit of color into 2022, into fiscal ’23 or calendar ’22. How are you going to be seeing that play out, that reinvestment being used for marketing?
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Okay. So I’ll take that one. And I’ll start with I think it’s great that you have the question out on the board on how we think about tariffs and the great news of three and a half years and that they have now been removed as of January 1. What is removed as of January 1 is the European Union portion of the tariffs. We continue to have tariffs on American Whiskey brands for the United Kingdom.
So with that, when you think about the information that we’ve put out previously, our European Union portion of that is approximately 80% and then where you think we are in the fiscal year, that starts on January 1 which only leaves us four months of our fiscal year. We do have inventory in the markets that we have to work through. And then with the remaining months in our fiscal year not being the largest volume months then we don’t get like we said a modest positive impact in this fiscal year.
And to your point on ’23, we are very excited about looking forward, but what for today and for what we need to be focused on is delivering to all of our shareholders the outlook that we just issued today, which is high single digits on both the top line and the bottom line as we move forward. So, we’ve got to focus on delivering that, but as Lawson mentioned, we now are incredibly excited that this tailwind that has been a tailwind — for this headwind that’s been a headwind for far too long is now turning into a tailwind.
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Did that math — did you follow the math that we just — it just doesn’t affect much in this fiscal year largely because of the inventory that we got a March through before and so you know you’re only getting a month or a couple of months’ worth of benefit.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
And as it relates ’23, we generally give that guidance as we get into the fourth quarter of this fiscal year.
Andrea Teixeira — JP Morgan — Analyst
No, that’s fair. Now, I did follow. Thank you very much for that clarification. And then the other thing I wanted to just double check, the glass shortages that you said they are better now. Could you give us an idea how — like how you are in terms of meeting that demand and as we go through the rest of your fiscal year, what are you embedding in terms of the impact going forward for the lack of the — we can probably do the math here on the depletions and I saw some of your SKUs down 26% in inventory, but as we look through the math, when we take a picture again at the end of the fiscal year, would you think that the second half would be still impacted or you see that kind of normalizing already by the fourth quarter?
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Yes. As we mentioned in our scripts, we do believe that our glass supply constraints are easing. We are moving more now into the position of replenishing the supply chain and getting the cases to the market through every mode of transportation that’s available to us to get our brands again in the consumers’ hands. So, as it relates to how we’re thinking about it for the full year, we have that full — we have everything that we can estimate built into our full year guidance and we have said flat to slightly down, but really it is — it’s really all coming around, we’re getting closer to flat.
But I do think it’s prudent that we can play slightly down in the inflationary environment that we’re in and we’re seeing inflationary cost as we mentioned on grains and aluminum and energy and even for some of our wood. So again, just to be prudent, we established that guidance last quarter. We continue to believe that is the guidance to give though with a small positive impact of tariffs we are moving back towards closer to flat.
Andrea Teixeira — JP Morgan — Analyst
Thank you very much. I’ll pass it on.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Vivien Azer of Cowen. Your line is now open.
Vivien Azer — Cowen and Company — Analyst
Hi, good morning. Thank you so much for the color around the impact of the supply chain. I wanted to dig into that just a little bit more as it relates to your pricing posture, particularly in the U.S. Lawson we talked about like a renewed focus on pricing for the first time in eight years in this marketplace, but I’m wondering whether you had to adjust those plans at all given some of the glass shortages that impacted Woodford and non-core Jack variants. Thanks.
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yes, I mean we’ve had — the supply chain impact on pricing I actually would call that relatively minimal. The — what we’ve been talking about, I think, in the last couple of quarters and I’ll bring it up again now is just as you mentioned, there hasn’t been a lot of pricing really, not only in the U.S. but globally in the world of spirits over the last really decade and we want to see more balance to that for sure both within volume and price.
And so, I mean, I think as you’ve heard us talk about before, we’ve put a lot of money into people and the systems and really trying to grow our capabilities in revenue growth management and those become part of the story as to how we intend on getting our price up. In some cases, it just taken a frontline price increase to sort — it is — it’s sort of all in with all the tools that we have. I mean, I think given the inflationary environment that we’re in right now, that we’re all seeing, it would certainly be a missed opportunity if we didn’t take price right now. And so we are doing it.
You’re not really seeing it in the numbers yet, it’s just — it’s — that’s just a timing thing. I think you’ll start to see it come through as we get into the latter half of this year and into next summer. And really trying to change the mentality even within the company to focus on value share, focus really on our super premium brands, make sure our innovation pipeline, all those things all add up together to try to get a better price mix balance and everything that we do. So, yes, so, I mean it is a bit of a mindset difference I think within the company that just really hasn’t been there as you — as I said for eight or 10 years.
Vivien Azer — Cowen and Company — Analyst
Okay. That’s encouraging that you’re sticking with that posture. My follow-up question is on A&P spend, so heard you guys loud and clear, it’s to grow in line with sales. But if we look backward, A&P on an underlying basis, has grown ahead of organic sales for the last four quarters. So, as you think about the back half of the year and given the recovery that you’re seeing in international markets, are you thinking about any kind of geographic mix shift as you deploy those resources? Thank you.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
We’re going to continue to invest, Vivien, where we see the opportunity for growth. And as you talk about the last four quarters and we’ve talked about this, and I know you understand it, it’s just the volatility of the actions that we took as we were entering into the pandemic, moved into the fiscal ’21 at a very slow pace with the cancellation of a lot of advance and sponsorships and concerts and — as they were closing down. And then as we got into the back half of the year, we started to invest much more heavily, so not only are we comping against kind of the easier comps in the first half of this year, we’re also investing it, I would call it the more — a more traditional seasonality balance across.
But again with our top line growth, we are able to invest at a higher rate and we will put that back against the opportunities that we see and as Lawson mentioned with our strong growth that we are having in the U.S. on an underlying basis, of course, we’ll continue to focus on the U.S. But then to our emerging brand grades in the European division, when we look at just really the strong double-digit growth that they are creating, both from our super premium American Whiskey and our tequila brands actually, not — albeit on a smaller base that strong double-digit growth we are continuing to fuel the momentum there as well as our international markets, where we made adjustments in the early portions of the pandemic. Does that help.
Vivien Azer — Cowen and Company — Analyst
It does indeed. Thank you so much. I’ll pass it on.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Steve Powers from Deutsche Bank. Your line is now open.
Steve Powers — Deutsche Bank — Analyst
Yes. Hey, good morning everybody. Thank you. Maybe shifting back to the supply dynamics at play right now. I guess can you first talk about how the low levels of inventory that you called out exiting 2Q both in your own finished goods as well throughout the trade might be impacting the business into and through the holiday period. Just any incremental challenges versus normal you might be managing through?
And then I guess, maybe even more importantly as things hopefully improve and it sounds like they are, I guess, can you talk about what success looks like for the second half, is it just being able to better keep pace with underlying sales demand or do you think you actually make up ground and at least partially rebuilt trade inventories as we progress through the second half set against what you laid out as your underlying sales growth guidance? Thank you.
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Okay. So let me, I’ll take the beginning of it the impact in here. So, in terms of supply chain and how it’s impacting Christmas, I mean, it’s clearly it’s impacting right now. As I said, we have some out of stock problems in the U.S. that are uncomfortable and that we are trying to plug right now. We’re all working very hard to have that happen. Outside of the United States, the supply chain problems are not quite as severe, largely because they are Tennessee Whiskey led as opposed to the rest of the portfolio. And we’ve been able to supply those markets earlier on when we were tight.
So it’s not really a Christmas, we’re not — so we’re not worried, but we’re less concerned about the international supply chain challenges right now. It is really a U.S. thing that needs to catch up. Look, there’s going to be some lost sales. We’ve said we’ve included it in the guidance, but clearly it is pinching us this year. The question is madly trying to get cases out-of-the-shelf right now. I mean, it’s — look it’s December rate and whatever it is, some of that, if you’re not there by now, you’re probably not going to get there, but I do think it will have some benefit though in the year-to-go period too. I mean so much going on in this year-to-go period as the comps get very, very difficult in Q4, but there’s also going to be some offset as we replenish distributors and retailers in the U.S. and really around the world also. So we’ll see, we gave the best guess we did in the guidance that we gave.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
And I’ll just add on, we talked about our risk mitigation teams and strategies and Lawson already mentioned that we took the glass supply that was available to us over these last few months and focused on prioritizing Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey and we also prioritized markets that had a longer supply chain with transit time, so as — and we took every mode of transportation to prioritize getting cases first of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey over to our international markets knowing that in the U.S., we still had the months of November and some of December to get those cases produced and with a shorter supply chain hopefully still out to the market into the shelf.
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yes, airfreighting cases of Jack Daniel’s into Europe is never that’s expensive. So that’s one of the things you’re seeing in the recent gross margin expectations. If we — we wanted that to be better at this stage. We did not expect we were going to be air shipping as much as we have. Thankfully, this is a carnival one-time thing and it’s going to get better in the year-to-go period. We won’t be in the place where we need to airship. I think we’re pretty much already past that now.
Steve Powers — Deutsche Bank — Analyst
Yes, so that’s helpful. And I guess — so I guess my question and I know I appreciate you don’t guide to trade inventory swings. But when you talk about improving and things getting better and replenishment in the back half, is that replenishment to consumption, so that you can — your underlying demand accelerates to consumption and the inventories keep pace or do you actually think you can replenish trade inventory and actually run net positive on that in the back half?
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Yes, I mean, at this point we are totally focused on working with all of our partners to continue to get all of the input materials that we need to navigate through the logistics challenges to get our inventory to the distributors. And then even at distributor levels around the world, they are also facing workforce challenges to get those cases to the market. So, there is a lot in the supply chain. I know you’re aware of that with others that you’re speaking with.
But it’s just important for us right now to make sure that we are getting the cases extent that we can to the market and over the back half. And it will probably even a longer period of time than just the second half of our year to rebuild — to begin to fully replenish and rebuild our supply chain, but we are focused on getting those cases to the market first and rebuilding where we can.
Steve Powers — Deutsche Bank — Analyst
Okay. Thank you very much, I appreciate it.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Lauren Lieberman from Barclays. Your line is now open.
Lauren Lieberman — Barclays — Analyst
Great, thanks, good morning. Just two questions, firstly just carrying on this conversation about supply chain challenges, apologies, but how might you compare your out of stock situation to that of competitors at this point or you’ve been even the last couple of months?
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
I mean it’s — that’s very difficult to estimate in terms of out of stock on the retail shelf because the data is just — I mean it’s pretty tough to be able to get to that data. So, I actually don’t really know I — and this is a bit anecdotal. But we know every — that many competitors are having some of the same challenges that we are. I would, the one place you can look that I think it was interesting was about two months ago, the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board published a list of all the brands that they had that they were going to limit to purchases of only two bottles and Jack was one of them, but as we’re — it was — it’s really the big brands, small brands don’t. I mean, they’re smaller, they don’t have — they’re not going to run out as fast or not turning as fast and so we were able to point — pinpoint while the big brands that we compete with a lot of them are all having the same problems that we are. I know it doesn’t perfectly answer your question, but…
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Yes, and I think for us, the only thing we tried to do — we are seeing it a bit more clearly now. We did say it in the last quarter is we feel like for us we have an additional challenge with the extent that we had glass supply quantity and quality challenges. With that challenge, we had to utilize our finished goods inventory that we had stored in warehouses around the world to meet consumer demand while we were working with our partners to get a higher level of glass supply and so it’s just kind of net working through that gap in our supply chain. And so, I would say we went into logistics challenges created by the pandemic with lower inventory levels than likely some of our peers did. Again to Lawson point that is we don’t have their information. So it’s really hard to estimate that.
Lauren Lieberman — Barclays — Analyst
Okay, I understand. I guess one thing I’ve been thinking about is the degree to which scarcity ultimately benefits pricing and that’s inclusive of promotions and particularly in your categories, we’re not talking about laundry detergent here, right. So, I know you’ve been talking in the past about how you’ve invested in data analytics and revenue growth management capabilities.
It may be premature to answer the question because I know or to even think about it, I know, pricing is really just going in the U.S. on Jack Daniel’s, but how do you think that — is it possible that the promotional environment changes? That consumers perhaps had gotten accustomed to buying Jack and Jim Beam for example on deals or have been weaned off of that over the last two years? I’d be curious to get your thoughts on that.
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Well, I’d like too. I think what is — and really in the short term, I didn’t say this previous caller asked the question, but I mean there has been a reduction in discounting or promotional levels really, I mean, I think globally over the last few months and there’s no reason to put something on promotion if you’re edging on to having an out-of-stock problem and so that’s been the shortest term impact. But I mean a longer term have we re-educated the consumer a little bit.
I think it probably is too early to make that call. But I do think that, look, I mean there is inflation and there is pricing coming through on so many consumer categories right now that consumers aren’t really going to have an option. I mean, I think, as so many of the brands and we expect to see the industry and we’ve heard comments from — even from other competitors that now is the time to rebalance a little bit the volume and the value trends.
Lauren Lieberman — Barclays — Analyst
Okay. And I guess, in that vein, I think you, you spoke earlier on the call and in the past about spirits ongoing share gain from the expense of beer and wine, but something that’s been really interesting over the last couple of months is that as reopening has happened, you’ve seen more pressure from a category standpoint, significantly more, I would argue volumetrically on beer and wine. People as they shift back to on-premise, there’s — you drink less of the on-premise occasion, you think it more of as an occasion rather than every day when we were all locked in our houses. With spirits, volumes have remained pretty resilient. So any thoughts you might offer things you’re seeing in your consumer research that are driving that different outside of just this long-term trend of a share gain for the industry?
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yes, I mean, you bring up what I think is one of the more — most important sort of things that’s happening these days that we’re trying to measure and I’m sure you are too and that’s really is the U.S. spirits market, is it adding stepped up growth rate? It certainly was, as you mentioned for sort of the 12 months, the first 12 months of the pandemic, but now we’re in the second, we’re closing out the second 12 months and the trends that we’re looking at are still very strong on a two — particularly I’m just staring in two-year stack, which I encourage everyone to do that as opposed to the one years because I think within Brown-Forman particularly on a one-year basis, you’re going to be looking — you kind of get apples and oranges mixed up because we did not fall nearly as far as our competitive set at the beginning of the pandemic. And so our comparisons are a little bit more difficult now.
So that’s why we’re internally really focused on that — on the two-year stack. But if I look at NABCA data, I mean TDS is still up there in the sort of low double-digit range and it’s not slowing down. In fact, three months is better than 12. So, I mean, you’ve got some real strong trends in spirits. It seems like it’s retained it’s share gains that it made during the pandemic and just the question is how long can it hold it. I don’t expect double-digit growth necessarily to hold forever, but it’s a U.S. spirits market that used to be maybe a 4.5% for 5% growth market, is it 6% or 7%. I think we’ll see as the next few months and quarters sort of go by. But right now, it feels pretty good.
Lauren Lieberman — Barclays — Analyst
Okay, all right, thanks. I’ll pass it on. I appreciate the comment.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Sean King from UBS. Your line is now open.
Sean King — UBS — Analyst
Hey, great, thanks for the question. I guess, with respect to capital allocation, is there anything that you can do to invest in having adequate glass supplies for future periods of outsized growth? Or is this really a transitory issue that is more related to the quality of the glass?
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
It’s the latter. It really is a transitory issue and as we are investing, I would say in extending partnerships broader across, those that do produce glass, so that we have a broader base to navigate any continued disruption that might be out there in the future. But from a capital allocation perspective, I think that it would be outside of our core competency and our best path forward is to just ensure that we have a broader network by which to source all of our materials.
Sean King — UBS — Analyst
Great, thank you very much. I’ll pass it on.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Bryan Spillane from Bank of America. Your line is now open.
Bryan Spillane — Bank of America — Analyst
Thanks, operator and good morning everyone.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Good morning.
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Hi Brian.
Bryan Spillane — Bank of America — Analyst
I just had two, maybe just two more, I don’t know, clarifications or follow-up. So just this whole conversation that we’ve had earlier around I guess underlying sales versus reported sales than whether we can catch up at all some of the inventory. So, I want to make sure I’m hearing it correctly because you’ve given the revenue guidance on underlying sales, but it sounded to me Leanne in your response to Steve Power’s question, just seems like we’re not quite sure. And there is a possibility that your — you’ll effectively under ship consumption, right? That underlying sales will still be ahead of reported, again, forgetting about currency, just because we’re still not sure if we can rebuild all of the inventory between now and the end of the fiscal year. So just want to make sure that I heard that correctly?
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
You did. Yes, it could carry into the next fiscal year. But our ambition would be to get as much of that replenished before the end of the fiscal year, but we do believe it will take a bit longer period than that. You did hear that correctly.
Bryan Spillane — Bank of America — Analyst
Okay. And then related to that, just the, your advertising spend is going up versus what you — what was in the original guidance and I guess my question is just if we’re having issues keeping product and stock, does it make a lot of sense to increase advertising like — does it — is it stimulating demand while there’s product scarcity, I guess, like does the advertising increase at all exasperate the problem potentially?
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Well, I mean you look advertising is just got such a longer-term outlook than stimulating current quarter sales and I just — I probably wouldn’t go there. I mean we’re thinking more — I mean the algorithm or the guidance I think we’ve given around advertising expenses being largely in line with underlying sales is something not just for next quarter, but for the upcoming years. And so what — we are not thinking really we’re going to cut back based on the suppliers, the supply chain challenge.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
Yes because we do believe that is temporary in nature. And then I would just add, we just celebrated our first year with the global Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey make it count campaign. We’re continuing to invest in expanding that across Gentleman Jack and the rest of the Flavors. Again, we believe this is a long-term endeavor and we’re continuing to allocate — reallocate dollars to broad reach media to continue to reach to consumers, but the Lawson’s point It’s going to — it’s building for the long term.
Bryan Spillane — Bank of America — Analyst
Okay and then just the last one and this is maybe more of a follow-up to Lauren’s question earlier is we’re at a point where we’re beginning to move maybe consumers off of price points right that were perceived as quote unquote a value, right, because prices are moving. Over time, is there an opportunity to also maybe introduce different pack sizes in order to maybe go smaller at a higher price per unit to drive some more revenue mix — revenue management like we’ve seen in maybe some other categories? Just curious, with the landscape kind of changing, does it create some opportunities maybe to create some value with maybe introducing some different pack sizes?
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
I mean, yes, part of revenue growth management, as you mentioned, we do — look the small sizes are big and profitable part of the business for us. I don’t know if you’re referring to the potential for the 750 to turn into a 700 in the U.S. that would be an opportunity. So, something like that could happen and I know a lot of people are looking at that right now. Yes, I don’t think [Speech Overlap].
Bryan Spillane — Bank of America — Analyst
Yes. That was the type of thing I was thinking of, some of these — some will change like a 750 to 700 mL could have some pretty material margin — positive margin implications. I’m just curious if there’s real room to have that type of lever, if you will?
Lawson E. Whiting — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yes, I mean, look I don’t know, I have not — I’m going to give you a little bit of a guess and the Jack Daniel’s franchise largely plays in pretty much all the sizes that you can legally sell in the United States. But the other brands have less of that. And so you could see a little bit more introducing, say on a Woodford, which is a much more expensive product, the smaller sizes of 375, for instance, those kind of things can be important or more important.
Leanne Cunningham — Senior Vice President, Shareholder Relations Officer
And one of the things, it also too like as Lawson said, it’s going to be about the brand and the brand specifically and where the consumer is. And if we have opportunity where the product sets in the store then it’s something that we would take a look at.
Bryan Spillane — Bank of America — Analyst
Okay, great. Thanks guys.
Operator
Thank you. At this time, I’m showing no further questions. I would like to turn the call back over to Sue Perram for closing remarks.
Sue Perram — Director of Investor Relations
Thank you and thank you Lawson and Leanne and thank you to everyone for joining us today for Brown-Forman’s second quarter and first half of fiscal 2022 earnings call. If you have any additional questions, please contact us. Brown-Forman has been making spirits right since 1870 and we’d like to wish you all a safe and wonderful holiday season. With that, this concludes our call.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]