Ciena Corporation (NYSE: CIEN) Q3 2021 earnings call dated Sep. 02, 2021
Corporate Participants:
Gregg Lampf — Vice President of Investor Relations
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
Analysts:
Tal Liani — Bank of America Merrill Lynch — Analyst
Simon Leopold — Raymond James — Analyst
George Notter — Jefferies & Co. — Analyst
Rod Hall — Goldman Sachs — Analyst
Eric Tsai — Morgan Stanley — Analyst
Paul Silverstein — Cowen and Company — Analyst
Alex Henderson — Needham & Company — Analyst
Samik Chatterjee — JP Morgan — Analyst
Fahad Najam — MKM Partners — Analyst
Jeff Kvaal — Wolfe Research — Analyst
Amit Daryanani — Evercore ISI — Analyst
Tim Long — Barclays — Analyst
Jim Suva — Citi — Analyst
Presentation:
Operator
Good day and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Ciena Fiscal Q3 2021 Financial Results Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] After the speakers’ presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions]
I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Gregg Lampf. Thank you. Please go ahead.
Gregg Lampf — Vice President of Investor Relations
Thank you, Stephanie. Good morning, and welcome to Ciena’s 2021 fiscal third quarter results conference call. On the call today is Gary Smith, President and CEO; and Jim Moylan, CFO. Scott McFeely, our Senior Vice President of Global Products and Services, is also with us for Q&A.
In addition to this call and the press release, we have posted to the Investors section of our website, an accompanying investor presentation that reflects this discussion, as well as certain highlighted items from the quarter. Our comments today speak to our fiscal third quarter performance, our view on current market dynamics, as well as a discussion of our outlook for the fourth quarter.
Today’s discussion includes certain adjusted or non-GAAP measures of Ciena’s results of operations. A detailed reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to our GAAP results is included in today’s press release.
Before turning the call over to Gary, I’ll remind you that during this call, we’ll be making certain forward-looking statements. Such statements, including our quarterly and annual financial guidance, discussion of market opportunities and strategy and commentary about the impact of COVID-19 and supply constraints are based on current expectations, forecasts, and assumptions regarding the company and its markets, which include risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the statements discussed today.
These statements should be viewed in the context of the risk factors detailed in our most recent 10-K filing and in our upcoming 10-Q filing, which is required to be filed with the SEC by September 9th. We expect to file by that date. Ciena assumes no obligation to update the information discussed in this conference call, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. As always, we will allow for as much Q&A as possible today [Technical Issues] though we ask that you limit yourselves to one question and one follow-up please. This call is being recorded and will be available for replay on the Investors page of our website shortly.
With that, I’ll now turn the call over to Gary.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Gregg, and good morning, everyone. The strong third quarter performance we reported this morning reflects a combination of our increasingly differentiated position in the marketplace and a robust demand environment.
We delivered a record $988 million in revenue and a particularly strong gross margin that drove a 19.1% adjusted operating margin, and a $0.92 adjusted earnings per share. Overall, COVID-related challenges remain dynamic around the globe. But most of what we saw in the last several quarters is ameliorating.
Importantly, the things we needed to happen in the market and for our business as we move through 2021 are materializing largely as predicted. Specifically, industry and economic conditions have improved noticeably. Service provider spend globally continues to improve and our customers’ network investments and operations are normalizing. And we had strong order flow in Q3, and that outpaced revenue again. And this allows us to continue growing our backlog and positions us to deliver the stronger than typical uptick in our second half performance that we expected.
Secular demand is very strong, and we are taking full advantage of our leading position to address the opportunities that are driving network investment, including capacity adds to address bandwidth demand; [Technical Issues] shift to the cloud with new architectures and network builds; intense focus on edge applications; and obviously the need for network automation, as well as Huawei replacement opportunities.
Within the strong demand environment, however, there remain global and industry-wide supply chain constraints. And as we have consistently proven, we have best-in-class ability to manage through this challenge and to deliver outcomes for our customers better than anyone else in our industry. However, as we’ve said before, we are not immune, particularly if supply challenges persist. And as has been — I think widely reported conditions have somewhat deteriorated and are posing headwinds for Ciena, including difficulty to fully address demand. We have also seen some extension of our lead times and some increased costs. As we sit here today, we believe these challenges will likely persist through at least the middle of calendar ’22.
Moving to highlights from the quarter, our competitive position remains strong and we continue to take market share. With respect to innovation, we are investing across three key sectors. Optical, where we are the world leader in Optical Systems and its associated technologies, and we continue to drive our leadership in innovation and market share. Routing and Switching, where we are leveraging our optical expertise to offer a new architectural approach to disrupt the market with NextGen metro and edge use cases. And in software, where we are executing on and accelerating our automation strategy to digitize both service delivery and networking layers.
In Optical, we are clearly the undisputed 800 gig leader having been in the market for 18 months. We have secured the vast majority of opportunities globally and are now approaching 20,000 modems shipped. In the quarter, we added 11 customers for WaveLogic 5 Extreme, including Bharti and Windstream, bringing our total count to 106 customers. In addition, WaveLogic 5 Nano, our 400ZR product is generally available and currently with several key customers as part of our certification and adoption process.
We are also excited about the opportunity Next Generation metro and edge, where we expect to significantly expand our total addressable market from about $13 billion total currently to roughly $22 billion over the next several years. New use cases and technology disruption has created an important insertion point within this space for our architectural approach. And we have all the critical elements required to win, including IP routing, switching, optics, automation software and professional services. And as many of you know we’ve been laying the groundwork for expansion in this area for quite some time, including significant investments in both product development and our go-to-market resources.
And as you probably saw this morning, we announced an agreement with AT&T to acquire its Vyatta virtual routing and switching technology. Vyatta’s technology and software engineering team will bring additional resources to our routing and switching R&D team, to address the growing market opportunity that we see with metro and edge use cases. This includes continued development of our Adaptive IP capabilities and that impart increases our exposure to certain 5G use cases. We also obviously look forward to extending our strategic relationship with AT&T by directly supporting this key piece of their network in their transformation journey.
Overall, as customers seek out new architectural approaches and alternatives to the status quo, we’ve secured several significant architectural wins around the world for switching and routing. In fact, in Q3, we had 10 new wins for our routing and switching portfolio.
And finally, our Blue Planet Software business continues to enjoy strong momentum with our Adaptive Network vision that is well-aligned to network operators automation priorities. With increasing customer engagements, we continue to win new significant deals resulting in quarterly revenue growth of 47% year-over-year in Q3. We expect to deliver a strong fiscal 2021, therefore for Blue Planet, likely towards the high-end of the $65 million to $75 million annual revenue range we previously provided.
Shifting to overall diversification in our business across customers and regions, we had three 10% customers in Q3, including two Tier 1 service providers and the web-scale customer. And highlighting our diversification, our top 10 customers in the quarter included four web-scale companies, three North American service providers, one international service provider, one MSO, and the wholesale company. Non-telco revenue in the quarter was strong at 42%. Web-scale revenue specifically grew 24% sequentially in Q3, with direct DCI business contributing 25% of total Q3 revenue.
Regionally, strength in EMEA continued driven by web-scale growing more than 16% year-over-year. EMEA represents our fastest growing region in the quarter, and in fact year-to-date as well. In India, we continue to navigate through COVID challenges and make progress with revenue, up 48% year-on-year and 26% year-to-date. And I think importantly, we are seeing investment by key customers for network upgrades in India, as well as replacement of Huawei equipment.
As I mentioned earlier, we are investing to capture ongoing secular demand for optical, routing and switching and network automation solutions and to considerably expand our addressable market over time. Really is the shift to the cloud continues driving additional traffic growth and a greater need for network transformation. As a result, we are confident in our strong market position and in our ability to continue to outperform the industry.
With that, I’ll turn over to Jim.
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, Gary. Good morning, everyone. We generated strong Q3 revenue at $988 million. Adjusted gross margin in the quarter was once again very good at 48.5%, reflecting a favorable customer and product mix, as well as a high concentration of capacity adds versus new builds.
More specifically, we are not yet monetizing the new design wins to the extent we originally expected for this timeframe. Overall, we’ve been very pleased with the gross margins we have produced this year, that reflect the benefits of our scale and vertical integration, as well as a lot of hard work and lowering unit costs of both our products and our services.
Adjusted operating expense in the quarter was $290 million. With respect to profitability measures, we demonstrated extraordinary operating leverage in Q3, including adjusted operating margin of 19.1%, adjusted net income of $145 million, and adjusted EPS of $0.92.
In addition, in the quarter, cash from operations was $69 million, free cash flow was $54 million, and adjusted EBITDA was $214 million. We ended the quarter with approximately $1.5 billion in cash and investments. Also in Q3, we repurchased approximately 483,000 shares for $26.2 million.
Turning now to guidance. As Gary stated, the demand environment is very strong. This was reflected not just in our Q3 revenue that was well above the high-end of our guidance, but also in our strong order flow in Q3 and an increased backlog. At the same time, global supply chain conditions have deteriorated and we’ve always said that we would not be immune if those challenges persist or especially if they worsen.
Taking these factors into consideration, we expect to deliver revenue in a range of $1.00 billion to $1.04 billion in Q4. At the midpoint of this guidance range, our revenue growth from the first half to the second half of fiscal ’21 would be approximately 26%. This will be a very strong second half performance in line with the stronger than typical second half uptick that we forecast since the beginning of the year. Also at the guide midpoint, we will deliver revenue growth for the year at just under 2% above the midpoint of our revenue guide for the year.
For adjusted gross margin in Q4, we expect a range of 45% to 47%. This reflects our expectation for more monetization of new wins, as well as some impact of supply chain constraints. And finally, in Q4, we expect adjusted operating expense to be in the range of $295 million $305 million, slightly higher than expected. Our order flow is well above our plan as is our operating income, and this will result in higher variable compensation levels in Q4.
As always, we expect to provide detail about next fiscal year when we report our Q4 results in December. What I will say is that, we are confident in a strong performance in fiscal year ’22, even when factoring in supply constraints. As we have over a long period of time, we believe that we will outperform our competitors in both market share and financial results. Our technology leadership position, our expectations for continued strong demand environment, and a very solid backlog going into next year will enable us to continue the momentum we have developed.
Before we move to Q&A, I’m going to hand it back over to Gary for some closing remarks. Gary?
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Jim. I’d just like to give a brief update on a new ASG effort recently underway with our partner Digital Promise. With the return to school in many parts of the world we’re excited to launch the Ciena solutions challenge, which invites middle and high school students around the world to design solutions that can address sustainable development goals within their local communities. This program focused on computational thinking and digital skills is one of several programs within a digital inclusion commitment.
To learn more about our programs like this and what Ciena is doing to help create a more sustainable and connected future, I’d encourage our shareholders and others interested to check our recently published sustainability report on our website.
With that operator, we’ll now turn questions from over to the sell-side analysts. Thank you.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from the line of Tal Liani with Bank of America.
Tal Liani — Bank of America Merrill Lynch — Analyst
Hi, good morning. I want to ask you about the verticals. And if you can speak about, I understand there is strength in orders. Can you tight with what kind of projects do you see that are being forward now? What is the underlying service that carriers and clouds are offering then that necessitate the investment title now? Thanks.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Tal. I mean, I would, say that from a vertical point of view we’re pretty much seeing solid demand across most — pretty much most of the verticals. I would say it’s a combination, sort of, confluence of catch up on capacity. They’ve not — the operational caution that has been around for the last sort of 12 months or so. So catching up on capacity also modernization of the networks and architectures particularly around the kind of metro edge, facilitating 5G etc, are also now ameliorating and people are investing and delivering operationally.
Coupled with, I think the increase in demand as the adoption for the cloud has basically accelerated over the last 12 months. So you’ve got those three dynamics in play, and really I’d say the overall application is to drive in a greater capacity at the edge of the network for all of the sort of cloud applications that were well understood.
Tal Liani — Bank of America Merrill Lynch — Analyst
And Gary, can you talk about visibility. Earlier in the year, you had different kind of visibility. Now you sound a lot better. Does it mean that you have greater visibility into next year?
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
If you define visibility into order backlog, which is a key part of that, I think the answer to that is absolutely, yes. When we went into this year, there was considerable amount of uncertainty. We saw a great deal of caution from the carriers both operationally and fiscally. I think, we have seen that ameliorate as we thought it would. But as Jim said that’s resulted in a pretty significant uptick in our second half of 26% growth in the midpoint of our guide here. And I think that bodes well for 2022. I think we’re going to have a strong ’22. Obviously, it’s a little early for us to talk about that, and we’ll talk about that next quarter. But I think where we’ve got better visibility now absolutely than we had when we started the year. And I think the overall dynamics of demand I think a very, very positive going forward.
Tal Liani — Bank of America Merrill Lynch — Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Simon Leopold with Raymond James.
Simon Leopold — Raymond James — Analyst
Thanks for taking the question. I want to see, if we could discuss a little bit about how you see your gross margin trending? And I’m not asking specifically about the October quarter. But when you consider your order trends, and what I’m struggling with here is, it sounds like you’ve got pushed out a bit, the new footprint expansion, which should be dilutive to gross margin. But I also suspect you’ve got a good order book on the routing and switching segment, which I imagine is accretive to gross margin. Help us understand the puts and takes, please?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. I’m going to take you back Simon to pre-COVID days, just to remind you of what we said. What we said then was we believed that our run rate for gross margin was in the mid-45 — mid 40s. And that included a reasonable amount of new builds. We also said as we started COVID that for the next several quarters, we would enjoy a higher than that — higher than mid-40s gross margin, because we would not have the level of new builds in our revenue stack. That’s exactly how this is played out. We — actually we’re experiencing a good level of capacity adds which are forced accretive. We’ve done pretty well on software. And we’re doing pretty well on routing and switching. So all those things are impacting our gross [Technical Issues] as we have come through COVID.
I would not say anything differently about what I think our gross margin is going to be, once we get to the expected levels of new sales in our revenue stack, which is — it’s going to happen. We see that finally in our order book, and it’s going to start hitting our revenue stack as we move into next year. Now we also have the supply chain, which has impacted our fourth quarter. In fact, our fourth quarter guide which is, 45, 47, does have a fair amount of expected premium cost in getting material for hitting our expectations for revenue. So that’s what I’d say. I’d say, we’re going to be if we think 45 to 47, Q4.
As we enter next year, that depends upon how much of the new wins are in our revenue stack and what the costs of the supply chain generate, but that’s the expectation as we sit here today. As I said though, we’ve been very pleased with our gross margin performance. We’ve done a lot of work to take costs out of those products and services. We have scale, we have vertical integration, all of those things have helped us, and we’re very pleased with what we’ve done so far this year.
Simon Leopold — Raymond James — Analyst
Thanks for that, Jim. And just as a follow-up. I’d appreciate an update on the opportunities for Huawei swaps. I know you’ve counseled the investment community to be patient, but I want to sort of reflect on what different versus your prior earnings call, whether you’ve seen some evidence, you did mentioned some India traction, but I appreciate an update on that Huawei opportunity. Thank you.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yes, Simon, I don’t think anything is appreciably changed. You know, as we said, we’ve seen this dynamic for a while, and it is a — clearly a multi-year tailwind, and it’s infrastructure. These things take time and those decisions take time and then to execute on that be the cap and grow or migrate traffic operationally is very, very — it’s a big undertaken by the carriers.
But it’s underway, and I would say to your point about India, the one sort of exception to that is, generally the two areas here are Europe and India, with a few other countries in Asia. India, I would say in the last sort of six months is accelerated, but move and they are actively replacing Huawei networks in India, and we’ve certainly been the beneficiary of that. We have good order flow and good new wins in India, some of which is on the back of that. Obviously, it will take a little while to deploy over multiple years, but I would say, India acceleration, EMEA on track.
Simon Leopold — Raymond James — Analyst
Thank you very much.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Simon.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of George Notter with Jefferies LLC.
George Notter — Jefferies & Co. — Analyst
Hi, guys. Thanks very much. I guess, I want to, kind of, revisit the gross margin discussion. So you guys have created significant upside relative to your guidance on gross margins for two quarters in a row now. And I guess, it’s — I guess, I’m kind of curious around why we’ve expected much more significant new build activity across these two quarters? And then actually not seen that new build activity as the quarter has progressed? Why is that business shifted out so much?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Well, as we come into any quarter, we have expectations of what our mix is going to be and things move around. So, I certainly wouldn’t read anything ominous in the fact that it’s been a little slower to develop than we thought, COVID has had some effect. I’d say that we have started to see in our order book, the effect of some of these wins. And we are definitely going to see those things come into our revenue next year. So, I wouldn’t read anything into it, other than there’s an ebb and flow in our business. And I think the good news is, we’re doing so well with our — on the tour of customers and we have an such a high preponderance of capacity adds.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Just add to that, if I can. I do think, Jim you talked about at the end there. I do think generally capacity adds in catch-up has been prioritized over new business roll-outs. Those roll-outs are absolutely going to happen. In fact, we’ve won a number of new deals in the last quarter, indicating the modernization of these networks. But I think carriers are going generalizing here, but I think of prioritize the capacity a little bit more than we thought, and that is resulting in better margins for us in Q3.
George Notter — Jefferies & Co. — Analyst
Got it. Okay. And then, I guess also, if I just ask about the Vyatta transaction here. I think, that was an asset that came over from Brocade back in 2017. And we really haven’t heard much about it, within AT&T. And maybe you can, kind of, talk about why you’re buying that asset, and what it really gives you going forward? Thanks a lot.
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
Hi, George. This is Scott here. The assets itself you’re right in terms of the history, AT&T has used those to further their network transformation and a couple of different use cases around the edge and virtualizing their capabilities around cell site routers for their 4G and 5G backhaul and their enterprise business services for SMB. So those use cases are very much in the sweet spot for what we’re trying to accomplish in our next generation metro and edge campaign.
So, if you look at the assets that we’re picking up, it has the capabilities that will enhance our routing and switching portfolio as we address the increased market size of next-generation metro and edge. It obviously deepens our relationship with a really important customer of ours AT&T. And we picked up an engineering resource in a location that we had no presence before in the UK. So those are either three dimensions of value for us.
George Notter — Jefferies & Co. — Analyst
Is there a revenue run rate that comes with that product line?
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
There is. It’s not material to our business really, but there is a revenue run rate. We reflect that in our ’22 plan when we get to that.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, George.
George Notter — Jefferies & Co. — Analyst
Okay.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Rod Hall with Goldman Sachs.
Rod Hall — Goldman Sachs — Analyst
Hey, guys. Thanks for the question. Good morning. I guess, I wanted to start-off with the revenue guide. And Jim, maybe just to ask you, if you taken a shot at estimating how much impact of that guide there was from supplies? Or if you can give us any color on how much of an impact on revenue that the supply situation is in the guidance?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes. I’ll start by saying, remember we outperformed in Q3. And when you take everything into account, we’re probably low 10s of millions below what we could have done were it not for the supply chain issues.
Rod Hall — Goldman Sachs — Analyst
And that’s been the [Speech Overlap] be in the guidance?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes, it’s in the guidance for the full fiscal year, it’s low 10s of millions.
Rod Hall — Goldman Sachs — Analyst
Well, for the fiscal year, but also low 10s in the fiscal Q4 guidance, is that the way we should think about it?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes, I think you should. Yes.
Rod Hall — Goldman Sachs — Analyst
Okay. And then the other thing I wanted to just check the gross margin guidance. I know, you kept the high-end of the range and change the — drop the bottom, I guess? The 45% level I was curious what that corresponds is, is that if some of these expediting costs and so on go up or continue to go up in 47% assuming, kind of, they hold where they are, or can you give us some color around the either end of that margin guidance? What it takes to get to 47%, and what happens if you did that for any 45%?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
There is always going to be variation in our gross margin, because as I said earlier, we start the quarter with an expectation of what’s going to roll through and things change. So I think the difference between 45% and 47% is mostly going to be mix. Is the mix going to be different from what we expect. I mean, we’ve already set up our supply quarter. So I don’t expect any more costs out of the buying parts or anything like that. It’s — I’d say it’s going to be mix that’s going to drive the ends of the range.
Rod Hall — Goldman Sachs — Analyst
And is it fair to say that mix would be driven by these deployments, I guess, the big North American deployments in particular, is that what in the mix might change one way or the other in the following quarter?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
It could be the deployment of the new wins, but remember we have a lot of different customers. We have a number of different products. We have software mix. We have a lot of things that can impact our margin. And so generally speaking, it’s going to be the mix of all of those things and 45% to 47% is where we think will come out.
Rod Hall — Goldman Sachs — Analyst
Okay. That’s great. Alright. Well, thanks a lot. Appreciate it.
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Rod.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Meta Marshall with Morgan Stanley.
Eric Tsai — Morgan Stanley — Analyst
Hi, team. This is Eric on for Meta. Thanks for taking my question. Congrats on the quarter. So maybe I just want to ask, given some of the order flow you’re seeing and presumably that being gated by supply chain converting into revenue. Does that have any impact in smoothing some of the normal seasonality you would typically see into the first half. I understand it’s early to comment on 2022, but if anything you can tell us there?
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
I would say this, Eric. I think it’s definitely too early to tell. We haven’t finished this. We’re just about finishing up this year. I do think that you know as Scott said early, I do think that the supply chain issue, our view is will likely continue for the first part of the year. And obviously when we do give FY ’22 guidance, as we come out of the year, we’ll take that into account as we have for the last couple of quarters here. I would say, I think we’re very well placed to navigate it — through it better than anybody else in our industry, but we’re clearly not immune from that. But our scale and vertical integration you know and very sophisticated supply chain enables us to mitigate a lot of those customer delivery issues, but we aren’t immune from it.
Eric Tsai — Morgan Stanley — Analyst
Got it. That’s helpful. Thank you. And if I could squeeze one more in on hyperscale. I mean, as you’re seeing the strength there, and it looks like EMEA continuing. Is that just a continuation of some of the scaling build-outs, the hyperscalers are doing in that region? You kind of mentioned the 800-gig products starting to test. But if you could update us on maybe some of the expectations for timing and share 800-gig starts to ramp even more?
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
I’ll take the first part of that and then maybe Scott can comment on the 800-gig adoption there. But I think the engagement with those web-scale folks is multifaceted. You know it’s connecting their data centers both long-haul as their global networks as well. We do a lot with them in different countries with a number one supplier to all of them on the submarine cable side. So we have a pretty intimate relationship with them across a very broad range of applications. And I would say that they’re continuing to roll-out both additional data centers and increasing connectivity within their existing data centers both within North America and internationally. So we’ve seen pretty healthy demand dynamics across the board on that.
Scott, do you want to add anything.
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
Yes. And Eric just one thing to add, what Gary said, the other part of the relationship with them is they still do a lot of business in parts of the world, EMEA, Europe, as well through managed service providers. So our relationships with the service providers in those geos also benefits the relationship and we get benefit from that. So that’s part of that EMEA growth as well.
On your 800-gig comment areas want to clarify something that we said, so our 800-gig product is, it’s represented by our WaveLogic 5 Extreme product and that’s been in the marketplace now for almost a year and a half approaching a year and a half. So we’re almost at 20,000 units shipped to that. So it’s well beyond trials. It’s mainstream deployment. What you might be referring to is our WaveLogic 5 Nano, and as Gary referred to in the script as our 400-gig ZR product, which just recently went generally available — general available net flow. And that’s the derivative of the same technology, it is going through trials. Hope that clarifies it.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you.
Eric Tsai — Morgan Stanley — Analyst
Thank you very much.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Eric.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Paul Silverstein with Cowen and Company. Mr. Silverstein, your line is open.
Paul Silverstein — Cowen and Company — Analyst
Sorry, I need to — unable to use the mute button. Guys, relative to the light revenue guidance, first off, are you seeing any demand weakness, or is that all a function of supply chain?
Second, Jim, if I recall for a while you’ve been talking about the streaming opex growth to low single-digits, which we’re really decent revenue growth should result in some strong operating leverage, but after opex declined for three quarters you grew opex by 15% year-over-year in Q3 over 15%, almost 8% in Q2? And if I did the math right the guidance works out to over 6% in Q3. The question being has something changed in your opex growth plans? Or do you still plan to go back to that low single-digit growth that you’ve been previously referencing? And this is just a transitory issue?
And finally, are you seeing any impacts for relative [Indecipherable] concerns about 400 ZR in particular, are you seeing any impact from any of those? I know it’s still rolling 400 ZR. Those are the questions.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Okay. So let me — so the first of your three questions, I’ll try and answer, Paul, and then maybe Jim on opex. On the revenue guide, I wouldn’t describe it as light. I would say 26%, kind of, uptick in the second half is pretty solid, and it’s also in the higher end, the mid-point of that is, kind of, in the high-end of our original, kind of, guide at the beginning of the year where we had very little visibility. So it’s largely, kind of, playing out as we thought.
And I would categorically say nothing to do with demand. We would be able to get greater revenues in Q4. Probably by low 10s of millions. If we were add unfettered access to everything we wanted as normal from a supply chain, so read into that $20 million or so. But if we also look, we overachieved by more than that in Q3. So it’s all about supply chain. And I do think those challenges will continue for the first half of the year, but the demand dynamics are incredibly strong.
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
And on the opex, Paul we also said consistently that we are committed to growing our opex at a lower rate than our revenue. And we’ve done that consistently over the past decade. The COVID years were a brief exception to this, because we — our revenue was affected by COVID and our plan for opex, where we continue to invest. But again, we’ve grown revenue faster than opex for a long, long time, and that would be our expectation going forward.
Now with respect to the specifics of opex for this year, we’re right on our plan overall. If you’ll recall, we went through a whole recitation of how we expect that our opex to perform. At the beginning of the year, we said something like we thought we would average about $280 million a quarter. These were very low in Q1. And we said that we were going to be a little higher for the last three quarters, $285 million to 2 — I guess it was $285 million for the last three quarters of the year.
And yes, we are a little higher than that this quarter. We are seeing a bit of FX with respect to the weaker dollar effects. And for Q4, it’s really all about the fact that we’re so outperforming on orders and our operating income that our incentive compensation will have to reflect this over performance in Q4. We are absolutely though on point with respect to our opex for this year.
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
And on your last one, Paul, on the 400-gig ZR, the short answer is no. We’re not seeing any impact on our business right now. I don’t think our perspective of the opportunity set has changed. We sort of see the market being on total addressable market in the sort of $0.5 billion per year range as it gets up to full maturity. We think 2022 is the first year where you start to see some significant revenue opportunities there.
Our product addressing that is the WaveLogic 5 Nano, which is recently went GA. We think it is the best performing plug in the industry in terms of optical performance and power. So quite excited about its opportunity. And I’ll remind you, the folks that I think will be the first movers in this, a couple of the large web-scalers for that particular application, it is upside opportunity for us, because we don’t largely participate in those applications today.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Paul. Next question, please.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Alex Henderson with Needham.
Alex Henderson — Needham & Company — Analyst
Hello, Jim. Just a quick one. To start with just a data point. You gave up 24% quarter-to-quarter growth in the web-scale. Can you say what that was on a year-over-year basis? The question I wanted to address that was around the supply chain issues and the mix. Did the supply chain impact capacity adds differently than new footprint builds? Is there any variance in that as a result of the parts that you’re able to get or is that completely independent of the conditions?
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Alex, let me take the first part of that. I think I’m right in saying that the — if you looked at year-over-year direct DCI. I think it’s about 1% growth currently as you close out of Q3. I think that might be greater as we look at Q4, but I think that’s — I think it’s just over 1%.
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
And on your second — just you’ll remember that the first part of this year, our revenue stream was very much impacted by COVID. All customers were down or — well, they were lower than what they would have been…
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Including web-scale.
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes. Including web-scale. So that 1% reflects that phenomenon.
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
And Alex, to your second question, I mean, the other challenges in the supply chain is the much written about semiconductor challenges that is multi-industry really. And that doesn’t have a concentrated impacted, it’s actually pretty widespread across the whole portfolio. So I wouldn’t draw any conclusion as to one part of the portfolio versus the other being more hit.
Alex Henderson — Needham & Company — Analyst
The follow-up I wanted to ask was on Vyatta. You said it wasn’t material to revenues, but you’re obviously bringing in assets. And to that extent, I assume that you’re bringing in costs associated with it. And I would also assume that, that’s predominantly in the R&D line. Is that an accurate calculus, and if so how much — what’s the scale of the costs that you’re bringing in?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
It’s not a material number, Alex. We will address all of that revenue opex, etc, once we get to close, and once we — and when we talk about next year.
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
Just to confirm the opening part of your question, yes, it is largely a bump almost entirely in the R&D line.
Alex Henderson — Needham & Company — Analyst
Okay, great. Thank you very much for letting me ask questions. Thanks.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Alex. Yes.
Operator
Your next question is from Samik Chatterjee with JP Morgan.
Samik Chatterjee — JP Morgan — Analyst
Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. I guess, if I think to start with the strong backlog that you have and I understand your constraints and supplied the asset here bit — here like. I this to that we speak to — can we assume that because of the constraints that you have on the strong backlog, it should lead into some pent-up demand for next year and helping above typical level of revenue growth. I know you don’t have a guide for next few years, but most investors seem to be still benchmarking you to the 6% to 8% prior long-term growth guidance that you have. So I was just curious, how should we think about — will you digest backlog one supply constraints even leverage what investors think will be pent-up demand that is affecting in your strong backlog healthy [Phonetic]?
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Samik. I would say that, I mean, first of all, it is too early for us to talk about ’22. We haven’t even finished the year that we’re in yet, and we never give guidance at this time for ’22, which set a couple of forward-looking comments around supply chain challenges continuing. So I would certainly consider that, as we turn into the year, I think we’ve got this dynamic, while you have got very strong secular demand. We’ve won a lot of new business. We’re incredibly well-positioned. Offset that against the sort of supply chain challenges.
And I would also say that we’ve — as we’ve — the effects of COVID, basically, we’ve been running with lower backlogs than normal. So to some extent, we just kind of replenish the coffers there. So I think we’re in a much more normalized position going into ’22. And you know when we absolutely think that you’ll see decent market growth next year and we will outperform the market. We will continue to take share. There’s no doubt about that.
Samik Chatterjee — JP Morgan — Analyst
Okay. Got it. And if I can follow-up, I think, Jim, you mentioned that the new award push outs newer related deployment and push outs related to that is largely kind of ebbs and flows in the business. Just curious how is it different from what we saw last year earlier on in COVID, just given some of the push out that happened back then? What’s giving you the visibility that is not kind of the similar situation as we saw last year?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Well, I think, first of all, the new wins are showing up in our order book now. And so it’s just a question of time before we get to revenue on that. That’s the main thing I would say. I’d also say that as we said earlier, COVID has certainly driven people to add capacity as opposed to new build-outs. And that’s — there are cost of dynamics that we’ve seen, but it is coming. No doubt about it. The new business will show up in our revenue stack.
Samik Chatterjee — JP Morgan — Analyst
Thank you. Thanks for taking the questions.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, yes.
Operator
Your next question is from the line of Fahad Najam with MKM Partners.
Fahad Najam — MKM Partners — Analyst
Good morning. Thank you for taking my question. I had a clarification, you have not only provided the breakdown of the three 10% customers, what — how much it [Technical Issues]
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Sorry, you wanted three 10% customers…
Fahad Najam — MKM Partners — Analyst
How much in total? Yes, how much.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
How much in total? Certainly over 30%. I’m going to say we’ll get that for you, Fahad.
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
It’s around 38%.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
38%.
Fahad Najam — MKM Partners — Analyst
Okay. I want to kind of follow up on Samik’s question. And so I think you’ve historically said that you think that industry is growing low-to-mid single digits. Do you still have that view?
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yes. I think the — if you look at the last decade pretty consistently, it’s been in the mid-ish single-digit growth and we’ve been able to continue to outgrow that. Now, I think a lot of — that was all disrupted with COVID like most industries where you — we had pretty much I think flat from an industry growth point of view. I do think that we will return to — at some point here more normalized growth in those, the mid single-digits. I don’t see any reason that, that wouldn’t be the case. Secular demand and getting higher bandwidth closer to the customer is absolutely everywhere about every application around the globe. Whatever you look at, be it 5G, be it fiber-to-the-home, FTTP, Internet-of-Things. So the secular demand I think is very positive. So, yes, I would expect the industry to return to a more normalized pace. And as I said, I think we will continue to grow faster than that.
Fahad Najam — MKM Partners — Analyst
Gary, if I can ask you to maybe double click on that comment, because, I think, I want to tie this to one of your comments in your prepared remarks about the emergence of this new edge cloud opportunities. I think is entirely new build-out of network infrastructure. And so I just wanted to make sure that, is that significant TAM expansion that you’re talking about correlates to the overall industry growth or does that really kind of big industry go to the next level, because optic — go ahead at optics is that it was deeper and deeper into the network.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yes, Fahad, actually that’s a good question. When I answered your question, I’m generally talking about the optical system space. And I think you are seeing particularly as we are a challenger in this edge metro convergence, basically. And so for us it’s an expanded TAM. You’ve also got certain segments of that market that are growing faster than the mid single-digits as well. You’ve got something they — in the overall core routing, that’s actually going down. Well, obviously, we’re not targeting that. I don’t think the world needs another core routes have vendor. But in the convergence space we have some unique assets that we think we can disrupt and challenge that market space over time. And that will, I think in the long-term provide us a better growth opportunity than even the one we’re seeing now.
Fahad Najam — MKM Partners — Analyst
Thanks, Gary.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Jeff Kvaal with Wolfe Research.
Jeff Kvaal — Wolfe Research — Analyst
Yes, thank you very much. Also struggling with new button with it. Two questions for you. I guess first is, what can you tell us about your inventory balances? A lot of other folks in networking, although not necessarily in the optical have greatly expanded either their inventory balances or their purchase commitments. I’m wondering what you’re able to do there? What you might be able to get them in the future to help give us a little bit better visibility on your ability to reach that demand that you’ve talked about?
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
Yes. So, Jeff, for sure, we are reaching out to our supply chain and making increased commitments both in terms of volume, because we’re growing the business and duration. So that is going to have an impact on inventory balance. You’ve seen some of that already, and that’s going to continue. So, you will see higher than what we have been our normalized inventory levels and low returns as a result for the foreseeable future.
Jeff Kvaal — Wolfe Research — Analyst
Okay. And we can expect them to go up from where we are now, I guess Scott, that’s your point.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yes.
Jeff Kvaal — Wolfe Research — Analyst
Okay. And then secondly, it looks like the services business had a strong quarter. I’m wondering if you could deconstruct that a little bit and let us know how much of that is, is ongoing? And then how much of that was one-time?
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
Yes. If you think of our services business had a really simple level. You think of it in three bins, sort of the maintenance sort of the existing installed base networks and the customer relationships. That’s pretty steady state, if you like, and predictable. There is — the second piece of it is around installation projects, that’s very tied to our new projects and business wins, so that will, sort of, ebb and flow with the projects. And the third piece of it, which is we’re quite excited about is, sort of, professional services around helping our customers transform their networks from legacy networks in the NextGen. That’s actually had quite a good run. It’s still relatively smaller of the three of those pieces, but that’s actually contributed to the good services mix that you saw in the quarter.
Jeff Kvaal — Wolfe Research — Analyst
How is sustainable is that, Scott? Should services go back to its more normal run rate in future quarters?
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
We think that, that third bin, the professional services mix in helping our customers migrate their networks is going to be an opportunity for us going forward in the future. And we think that we have an opportunity to grow that.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Jeff.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Amit Daryanani with Evercore ISI.
Amit Daryanani — Evercore ISI — Analyst
Good morning, everyone. Thanks for taking my questions. I have two as well. I guess, first off, maybe I missed this. But could you talk about the gross margin impact from supply chain headwinds in October quarter, sort of, how you are thinking of that? And then broadly, do you think supply chain headwinds peak in October quarter, or do you think we continue to get worse in deteriorated as you in to the first half of the fiscal year?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
We didn’t talk about an effect in Q3. There was very little effect of the supply chain situation in Q3. Q4, is going to impact us. Now with respect to next year, we do know that the supply chain is going to continue in that, sort of, constraints state, but how much and how that’s going to effect gross margin, it’s really too early to say.
Amit Daryanani — Evercore ISI — Analyst
And then Blue Planet growth, I think few quarters in the row, it seems to have inflected much higher 45%, 60% in a growth vector. Can you just touch on were there a couple of big projects that are ramping up, and that what drove it, or just sort of what drove that growth and the durability of Blue Planet growth as you all would, it would be helpful to understand.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Well, I’d say, first off in full disclosure, it’s from a relatively small base. So those numbers look spectacular, but that from a small base. I would say that what we are seeing now is adoption by significant Tier 1s around the digitization of their service layer, basically replacing the old legacy back office systems. And we are seeing that move forward in a sort of step function this year. It’s not necessarily showing up in all of the numbers. We’re seeing very good numbers both on orders and revenue relative to the plan. And I think we’ll probably be over on both in the high-end of that guide on revenue.
But perhaps even more importantly with that we’re getting significant footprints and potentially multiyear roll-outs of the digitization on the service layer and things like inventory, management, service provisioning, etc. So it’s very encouraging with Blue Planet. And we’ll talk a little bit more about that, I’m sure as we go through the — we talk about 2022 and beyond, as we talk about that at the end of this year, but very encouraged by what we’re seeing.
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Amit.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Tim Long with Barclays.
Tim Long — Barclays — Analyst
Thank you. Two, if I could as well. Gary, just wanted to go back to the metro edge TAM, and kind of challenger piece there. Could you maybe just click down, give us a little more info on how timing to attack that extra TAM. And how are you going to get there? Is it adding the Vyatta assets. Is that a part of it? Is it leveraging installed base, because it’s an area that obviously could be a big growth factor for you guys?
And then second, if you can just touch on a few point markets, India given the macro issues there as well as submarine? Thank you.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yes. Let me just talk, on the metro edge, obviously, this has been a journey we’ve been on for a while. We’ve been investing in key strategic assets in the packet space and routing, switching in the software, the convergence with optical and our architectural vision with the Adaptive IP is a much simpler highly automated architecture. And we are the challenger in that space. We are securing wins with that as you’ve seen over the last sort of 18 months or so. And I think that’s gathering momentum. We’re excited about what we’re seeing. Still early days, I think this is, you know, a two to five year expansion of our opportunity. And whilst it’s a big market we’re challenging some very strong incumbents. But I think we’re proving, we’ve got a very compelling differentiated value proposition with the assets that we’ve got.
And I think that will be an important market for us, and it’s a key investment. And we’re scaling investments both at the front end of our business and our go-to-market capabilities and support. And also as Scott talked about in our engineering capabilities, and Vyatta is another key add to that we bring in some really tremendous specialist talent into the company.
So, what was the second question?
James E. Moylan — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
It’s India submarines. As we said earlier, that India is a place which has moved very aggressively to exclude Huawei from new builds. There are opportunities for us. We have taken advantage of those opportunities. We have several new wins. We expected this year that those would — that India would start to show in our revenue stack, a little higher. And that has been the case. It’s not quite 5% of our revenue, but it’s up very nicely year-to-date, it’s up 26%. Quarter-over-quarter, it’s up a lot more than that. But I think the year-to-date number is much more meaningful, up 26%. It’s going to be a great place for us to be for a long time.
On the submarine. Submarine is up a lot this year, or at least in the quarter, it’s up 27% in the quarter, it’s about flat year-to-date. We’ve done extremely well in the submarine market. It plays to our strengths. If the submarine market requires long reach at high capacity and we’re the best in the world. I think we’ll continue to win there.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Tim. We’ll take one more question.
Operator
Your last question comes from the line of Jim Suva with Citi.
Jim Suva — Citi — Analyst
Thank you. When we think about the supply chain issues, have you materially changed your pricing for things also about like say shipping? And how they fully folded into your gross margins or they still kind of being calibrated? And then on your bookings and orders, is there any concern about customers double ordering or ordering ahead knowing that they have supply chain issues? Or in the optical components is it just kind of not as much of a concern is maybe other sectors that we see where there is double ordering? Thank you.
Scott McFeely — Senior Vice President, Global Products and Services
Jim, just if your first question was around our costs. We’re certainly seeing the costs of both procuring components and the logistics costs having an impact on the margin, that’s fully baked into our gross margin guidance for Q4. On your second question…
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Your second question was that about orders on us or orders that we’re placing on our supply chain?
Jim Suva — Citi — Analyst
Kind of orders are on both sides coming in as — is customers — are there a chance that they’re double ordering, and you guys have seen the shortages, does it make sense to order a little more to have some buffer, because we progress in the quarters ahead?
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
I think given the nature of the industry is extremely unlikely. The intimacy we have with these customers on the system side, so I think that’s sort of zero risk, frankly, on that side. And then on the supply chain side, I think the relationships that we have again on the supply side there is very intimate and long standing.
Jim Suva — Citi — Analyst
Great. Thank you so much.
Gary B. Smith — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Jim.
Gregg Lampf — Vice President of Investor Relations
Thanks, everyone, for joining us today. We appreciate it. We’re looking forward to catching up with folks today. And over the next several days, we’ve got a number of conferences we’re attending. Thanks, and stay safe.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]