Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) Q2 2021 earnings call dated Aug. 03, 2021
Corporate Participants:
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
David A. Ricks — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Anat Ashkenazi — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Michael B. Mason — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Diabetes
Anne E. White — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Oncology
Ilya Yuffa — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Bio-Medicines
Jacob S. Van Naarden — Chief Executive Officer, Loxo Oncology, Inc.
Analysts:
Terence Flynn — Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC — Analyst
Ronny Gal — Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. LLC — Analyst
Tim Anderson — Wolfe Research LLC — Analyst
Chris Schott — J.P. Morgan Securities LLC — Analyst
Umer Raffat — Evercore ISI — Analyst
Andrew Baum — Citigroup Global Markets Ltd. — Analyst
Louise Chen — Cantor Fitzgerald Securities — Analyst
Geoff Meacham — BofA Securities, Inc. — Analyst
Carter Gould — Barclays Capital, Inc. — Analyst
Seamus Fernandez — Guggenheim Securities LLC — Analyst
Vamil Divan — Mizuho Securities USA LLC — Analyst
Steve Scala — Cowen & Co. LLC — Analyst
Matthew Harrison — Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC — Analyst
Presentation:
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by, and welcome to Lilly’s Q2 Earnings Call. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, today’s conference is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Vice President of Investor Relations, Kevin Hern. Please go ahead.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Good morning. Thank you for joining us for Eli Lilly and Company’s Q2 2021 earnings call. I’m Kevin Hern, Vice President of Investor Relations, and joining me on today’s call are Dave Ricks, Lilly’s Chairman and CEO; Anat Ashkenazi, Chief Financial Officer; Dr. Dan Skovronsky, Chief Scientific and Medical Officer; Anne White, President of Lilly Oncology; Ilya Yuffa, President of Lilly Bio-Medicines; Mike Mason, President of Lilly Diabetes; and Jake Van Naarden, CEO of Loxo Oncology at Lilly. We’re also joined by Lauren Zierke, Kento Ueha and Sara Smith of the Investor Relations team.
During this conference call, we anticipate making projections and forward-looking statements based on our current expectations. Our actual results could differ materially due to a number of factors including those listed on slide 3. Additional information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ materially is contained in our latest Forms 10-K and subsequent Forms 10-Q and 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The information we provide about our products and pipeline is for the benefit of the investment community. It is not intended to be promotional and is not sufficient for prescribing decisions. As we transition to our prepared remarks, a reminder that our commentary will focus on non-GAAP financial measures.
Now, I’ll turn the call over to Dave for a summary of our second quarter results.
David A. Ricks — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Kevin. Q2 of last year was the peak of the pandemic’s negative impact to our business. And one year later, I’m proud of the innovation and resilience displayed by my Lilly colleagues to deliver against our objectives in new ways while also mobilizing to develop treatments to help combat COVID-19. Looking at Q2 2021, we were encouraged by the increasing worldwide vaccination rates as well as the underlying environment in most of our major markets. COVID-19-related stocking in Q1 followed by destocking in Q2 of last year complicates quarterly performance comparisons. Therefore, looking at revenue growth in the first half of 2021 better reflects the underlying trends in our business.
On today’s call we will provide year-over-year comparisons for both Q2 and the first half of the year. In the first half of 2021, we delivered 11% growth in our core business. This excludes COVID-19 antibody revenue. This was buoyed by strong volume driven growth across key brands and major geographies including the U.S., Europe and China. Turning specifically to Q2, revenue grew 23% compared to Q2 2020 or 20% in constant currency. This performance was driven entirely by volume growth of 22 percentage points. As previously highlighted, in Q2 2020 we saw reversal of the $250 million pandemic-related product stocking, which occurred in Q1 2020.
When excluding COVID-19 antibody revenue, the Q2 2020 COVID-19-related destocking and the sale of Cialis in China, our core business grew 12% for the quarter, up from 7% in Q1 on the same basis. We were pleased to see sequential topline growth in the core business this quarter, signaling that healthcare systems’ continued recovery from the pandemic and the strength of our underlying business. Key growth products continue to drive our revenue growth and represent 54% of our core business this quarter. Our non-GAAP gross margin was 79.3% in Q2 or 79.7% excluding impact of foreign exchange on international inventories sold. Excluding the FX impact our gross margin increased by approximately 60 basis points compared to last year. Our non-GAAP operating margin was 29.4%, representing an improvement of nearly 140 basis points.
We’re pleased to see operating margin expand year-over-year and we expect continued expansion in the second half of this year. On the pipeline front, we achieved multiple milestones since our earnings call in April, including receiving breakthrough therapy designation for donanemab and announcing our plan to submit to the FDA under the accelerated approval pathway. Announcing positive Phase 3 results for tirzepatide’s SURPASS-4 trial, with planned global submissions of the SURPASS program for tirzepatide in Type 2 diabetes by the end of 2021; obtaining approval for Jardiance in partnership with Boehringer Ingelheim for HFrEF in Europe and announcing positive Phase 3 results from the EMPEROR-Preserved trial for Jardiance in HFpEF, the first and only successful trial for this patient population.
And initiating Phase 3 trial results for pirtobrutinib in mantle cell lymphoma; tirzepatide in HFpEF, and Verzenio in HR+ HER2+ early breast cancer and now prostate cancer. We also continue to augment our pipeline with business development deals and announced the acquisition of Protomer Technologies. We welcome Protomer — the Protomer team to Lilly and are excited to bring this technology to our diabetes pipeline as we believe glucose-sensing insulin may become the next generation for insulin treatment to improve the quality of life for people living with diabetes.
Lastly on financials, we returned approximately $1.3 billion to shareholders via the dividend and share repurchases in the quarter and authorized the repurchase of up to $5 billion in stock in addition to the $500 million authorization remaining under our 2018 share repurchase program. Moving on to slides 5 and 6 you’ll see a list of key events since our Q1 earnings call including a May Webcast, which highlighted our updated environmental, social and governance strategy and our sustainability efforts as well as the launch of a new ESG website to serve as a comprehensive resource to provide increased transparency regarding the company’s ESG goals and progress.
Further, as part of our goal to become carbon neutral in our own operations at our manufacturing plant in Kinsale, we recently inaugurated a new solar field which is now the largest in Ireland. We also announced donations of COVID-19 therapies at no cost to low income and lower middle income countries heavily impacted by the pandemic. And are proud of the impact we are having around the world as we work to combat COVID-19.
Now, I’ll turn the call over to Anat to review our Q2 results and to provide an update on our financial guidance for 2021.
Anat Ashkenazi — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Dave. Slides 7 and 8 summarize financial performance in the second quarter and year-to-date. I’ll focus my comments on non-GAAP performance. Revenue increased 23% this quarter compared to Q2 2020, or 12% excluding the items Dave mentioned earlier, representing strong momentum for our core business. Given the COVID-19-related stocking and destocking seen between Q1 and Q2 of 2020, our first half performance of 11% revenue growth, or 8% in constant currency excluding COVID-19 antibody revenue, is a more accurate reflection of underlying performance and the sequential quarter-over-quarter revenue growth better represents the strength in our core business.
Sequential revenue growth from Q1 to Q2 for core business, increasing vaccination rates in many major markets and the majority of our sales reps now being back in the field suggests a recovery from the pandemic was in line with our expectation for the quarter. We are particularly pleased with the strong volume growth across key brands like Trulicity, Taltz, Verzenio and Jardiance. Verzenio in the U.S. grew nearly 6 percentage points in share of total prescription exiting June compared to the prior year, while Trulicity, Taltz and Jardiance increased their leading market share in the same period while class growth accelerated. These products, along with other key growth products, represented 54% of revenue in the core business this quarter.
Gross margin as a percent of revenue declined 30 basis points to 79.3% in Q2. The decrease in gross margin percent was driven primarily by unfavorable effect of foreign exchange rates on international inventories sold. Excluding this FX impact, gross margin as a percent of revenue grew 60 points this quarter. Total operating expenses grew 18% this quarter compared to the same quarter last year. Marketing, selling and administrative expenses increased 16% as the base period in Q2 2020 included a meaningful reduction direct-to-consumer marketing and customer facing expenses as healthcare systems closed.
R&D expenses increased 20%, driven by investment in exciting late-stage pipeline opportunities including pirtobrutinib, tirzepatide, donanemab and lebrikizumab. In Q2 we also invested approximately $85 million in COVID therapies R&D, bringing our total COVID-19 R&D investment to approximately $300 million year-to-date. Net of COVID-19 R&D investment, operating expense growth was 18% compared to Q2 of 2020 and 10% for the first half of the year. Operating income increased 29% compared to Q2 of 2020 and operating income as a percent of revenue was 29.4% for the quarter, an increase of 140 basis points compared to the prior year. This increase was driven by revenue growth outpacing expense growth, and we expect continued margin expansion in the second half of 2021.
Other income and expense was income of $5 million this quarter compared to expense of $57 million in Q2 2020, driven by income from European patent settlements for Alimta. Our effective tax rate was 14.4%, an increase of 350 basis points compared with the same quarter last year. The effective tax rate for both periods will reduce by net discrete tax benefit, with the lower net discrete tax benefit reflected in the second quarter of 2021. At the bottom line, net income and earnings per share increased 29% in Q2 and 22% year-to-date, or 30% and 24% respectively in constant currency. On slide 9, we quantify the effect of price, rate and volume on revenue growth across the world and we are encouraged by the growth seen across most of our major geographies.
This quarter, U.S. revenue grew 18% compared to the second quarter of 2020. Adjusting for COVID-19 antibody revenue and the Q2 2020 COVID-19-related destocking, the core business grew 8% in the U.S., up from 5% in Q1 on that same basis. These results were driven entirely by volume led by Trulicity, Taltz, Verzenio and Jardiance. Pricing was a 1% drag on U.S. revenue growth this quarter, with increased rebates to maintain excellent access and higher growth in lower net price segments, largely offset by low utilization in the 340B segment, changes for estimates to rebates and discounts, and to a lesser extent, modest list price increases.
The year-to-date price decline of 3% in the U.S. is in line with our net price expectations for the full year. Specific to Taltz in the U.S., performance for the quarter was in line with the expectation we described on the Q1 earnings call. And we are pleased to see a return to net sales growth this quarter as volume gains more than offset price declines. Taltz Q2 performance benefited from a favorable change to prior estimates for rebates and discounts and COVID-19-related inventory destocking last year. Excluding these items, Taltz still returned to double-digit growth in the second quarter. We believe the net price decline for Taltz in the first half of 2021 represents the underlying full price trend, and that continued volume growth will drive net sales acceleration in the second half of the year.
While midterm price trends are currently stable, given increasing variability in payer mix, we continue to expect quarterly variability in reported U.S. net price changes across our business. Moving to Europe, revenue grew 27% in constant currency. Excluding COVID-19 antibody revenue and the negative impact of Q2 2020 COVID-19-related customer buying patterns, revenue grew 14% in constant currency, driven entirely by volume growth, primarily for Trulicity, Taltz, Alimta and Olumiant. We continue to be pleased with the momentum of our business in Europe and expect continued growth in the second half of this year, excluding the expected impact from the loss of exclusivity for Alimta.
In Japan, revenue grew 2% in constant currency, driven primarily by the launches of Olumiant and Emgality. Revenue growth in Japan continues to be negatively impacted by the decreased demand for several products that have lost market exclusivity. But our key growth products grew 21% in Q2 in Japan and represented approximately 50% of the business there. Recent surges of COVID-19 cases continue to negatively impact recovery in Japan, though we currently expect improved revenue growth in the second half of the year, based on the uptake of newer products. In China, revenue grew 106% in constant currency, primarily driven by the divestiture of Cialis and the launches of Tyvyt and Trulicity.
Excluding the impact from the Cialis transaction, our revenue in China grew 35% in constant currency. We are excited about the continued momentum in China, as sales of new medicines have accelerated significantly in the past three quarters. Revenue in the rest of the world increased 5% in constant currency, driven primarily by our key growth products. At the bottom of the slide is the price, rate, volume effect on revenues for our June year-to-date results, which shows double-digit growth across all major geographies except Japan. As shown on slide 10, our key growth products continue to drive strong worldwide volume growth.
These products drove nearly 17 percentage points of growth this quarter and continue to drive our overall performance and outlook. Slide 11 highlights the contributions of our key growth products. In total, these brands generated over $3.5 billion in revenue this quarter and made up 54% of our core business revenue in Q2. We’re encouraged by the strength of our key products in Q2, collectively up over 34% compared to the same period last year. Trulicity, Taltz, Verzenio and Jardiance all continue to outgrow their respective classes. We are now tracking above pre-COVID-19 new-to-brand prescription baseline in the U.S. across all our major therapeutic areas with the exception of oncology and the CGRP antibody class, which we expect will continue to recover in the second half of the year.
On slide 12, we provide an update on capital allocation. In the first half of 2021, we invested $5 billion to drive our future growth through a combination of after-tax investments in R&D, business development and capital investments. In addition, we’ve returned over $1.5 billion to shareholders in dividends and share repurchase. As we look ahead to the second half of the year, we will continue to fund our growth of our key products and recent launches, invest in our pipeline and seek external innovation to augment our future prospects as well as return capital to shareholders. Turning to our 2021 financial guidance on slide 13, we are updating our GAAP and non-GAAP guidance.
While the COVID-19 pandemic is still impacting countries around the world, the pace of recovery from the pandemic was in line with our expectations in Q2. New-to-brand scripts in most of the classes in which we compete with are tracking above pre-COVID baseline in the U.S., and healthcare systems in most major markets are largely returning to normal as we enter the second half of 2021. We are increasing our full year revenue outlook for the core business by $200 million to reflect the strong performance and favorable impact from foreign exchange. We are, however, lowering the top end of the range for COVID-19 antibody revenue by $400 million and confirming the bottom end of that range.
Moving forward, we expect COVID-19 antibody revenues to be less of a factor as demonstrated by Q2 revenue declining to $150 million from $810 million in Q1. As variants are growing, we recognize the situations across the globe can evolve quickly and we plan to adapt as required. The net impact of these changes is an updated revenue range of $26.8 billion to $27.4 billion. Our outlook for non-GAAP gross margin percent remains unchanged at approximately 79%. On a reported basis, we’ve lowered guidance for gross margin percent to approximately 75% to reflect the impact of COVID-19 antibodies excess inventory charge due to the combination of changes to current and forecasted demand from the U.S. and international governments and near-term expiry of COVID-19 antibodies inventory.
For research and development and SG&A, our guidance ranges remain unchanged. However, investment in promising R&D opportunities and exciting potential launches could push us towards the top end of our guidance range for both R&D and SG&A. Our non-GAAP operating margin guidance is now expected to be approximately 30% driven by lower COVID-19 antibody revenue. However, it remains approximately 31% excluding COVID-19 antibodies. Our GAAP operating margin is now expected to be approximately 24%. We are increasing our non-GAAP range for OID to an expense of zero to $100 million to reflect the Alimta patent settlements in Europe I noted earlier.
And our GAAP range is now income of $375 million to $475 million which also reflects the impact of equity investment gains in the first half of the year. On a non-GAAP basis, our expected tax rate remains unchanged, and on a reported basis, we’ve lowered our expected tax rate to approximately 12%. Finally, the non-GAAP range for earnings per share remains unchanged at $7.80 to $8.00, while GAAP EPS is expected to be in the range of $6.73 to $6.93, primarily driven by the impact of the COVID-19 antibody inventory charge, the impact of equity investment gains and the Alimta patent settlements in Europe.
We are confident in our ability to achieve our 2021 revenue goals for the core business while delivering mid-teens EPS growth. As we look at the underlying volume and share trends across our key growth products, we’re confident in our full year outlook for the core business and the pipeline successes in the first half of this year strengthen our conviction in our midterm and long-term outlook for continued top tier revenue growth and operating margin expansion.
Now, I will turn the call over to Dan to provide an update on our pipeline.
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Thanks, Anat. 2021 has clearly been a productive year for R&D at Lilly, with continued strong progress in our pipeline and more potential catalysts on the way. Before I get into the broader portfolio update, I’ll spend a few minutes highlighting several updates for our late-stage pipeline. I’ll start with donanemab. In Q2, the first amyloid-long agent for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease was approved under the FDA’s accelerated approval pathway, based on plaque lowering, which we believe reflects a shift in policy and sets a new path for Alzheimer’s drug approval in the U.S.
Lilly has long been an advocate for using biomarkers for amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles to identify patients for treatment and to monitor their response to therapy. We were pleased to see the FDA’s conclusion that improvements in brain pathology are appropriate surrogates for clinical efficacy of Alzheimer’s drugs. Based on data we’ve seen to-date, we believe donanemab clears plaque faster and deeper than previously seen with other therapies and achieved complete plaque clearance in a majority of patients in TRAILBLAZER-ALZ after only limited duration of dosing. On the basis of the clinical evidence for donanemab, we were pleased to have received breakthrough therapy designation from the FDA.
At the Alzheimer’s Association’s International Conference last week, we shared additional important analyses from donanemab TRAILBLAZER-ALZ. Briefly, I’ll highlight several findings. First, we shared detailed exploratory statistical analyses comparing a variety of methods beyond MMRM and DPM, as summarized on slide 14. We were pleased to see that these new analyses showed consistency of effects on primary and secondary outcomes across all statistical methods. Notably, all of the new analyses conducted showed good separation of treatment from placebo, with statistical significance achieved for most endpoints at nearly all relevant time points measured. The robustness of the treatment efficacy across analytical methods increases our confidence in the potential clinical benefit of donanemab.
While all statistical methods evaluated showed similar results, we note that the Bayesian disease progression model, DPM, closely reflected the raw observed data, with the smallest standard error of any method. These results reinforce our hypothesis that DPM is a preferred analytical method for Alzheimer’s trials. Additionally, we shared new data showing a relationship of amyloid plaque reduction and slowing of cognitive decline, as shown on slide 15. To our knowledge, this is the first time such results have been available. When we initially reported the results of TRAILBLAZER-ALZ, we commented that, at a group level, patients treated with donanemab showed both statistically better plaque reduction and statistically better slowing of cognitive decline at 18 months.
But patient-level correlations between degree of plaque reduction and magnitude of slowing of cognitive decline were not significant. Now, using a more sophisticated PK PET ADRS exploratory analysis that uses all of the available time-course data, we showed a highly significant relationship between degree of amyloid plaque reduction and slowing of cognitive decline with P less than 0.001. The Conrado model, shown here, was published in 2014 and is the results of efforts from the Coalition Against Major Diseases, CAMD, which collected placebo data from 15 randomized trials, including almost 4,500 participants.
We introduced a treatment arm and incorporated percent amyloid plaque removal into this model to generate these results, and we believe this is important support for the use of amyloid plaque reduction as a surrogate for clinical efficacy. Notably, these data suggest the full clearance of amyloid plaque is required for highest efficacy, as model results predict that patients achieving 100% clearance of amyloid plaque could have more than 40% slowing of disease progression. Moving to slide 16, we show an exploratory analysis looking at the effect of donanemab’s plaque clearance on development of tau pathology.
Tau pathology is an exciting biomarker, since measures of Alzheimer’s disease tau, unlike measures of amyloid plaque, have been correlated with clinical measures of cognitive and functional decline, as noted here. Importantly, we had previously shown that donanemab-treated patients had slower accumulation of regional brain tau pathology than placebo-treated patients. This is an important finding because the amount of brain tau pathology is an excellent predictor of subsequent cognitive decline, a finding we observed with solanezumab in Expedition 3 and reproduced, once again, in TRAILBLAZER-ALZ. Now, we’ve extended these results to show that the donanemab-treated patients who achieved complete clearance of amyloid plaque by six months had the most marked slowing of tau spread with nearly complete abrogation of progression in the frontal lobe.
This reinforces our hypothesis that both deep and rapid amyloid plaque clearance are required for optimal drug efficacy. With this new data we presented last week, we have now linked degree of amyloid plaque reduction with degree of clinical benefit as well as degree of amyloid plaque reduction with degree of benefit on brain tau pathology which is itself linked to clinical benefit. As displayed on slide 17, we have just recently obtained data with our plasma tau biomarker, phospho-tau217. These new data demonstrate that amyloid plaque clearance with donanemab also resulted in reversal of the typical increases of phosphorylated tau seen in the blood, with decreases from baseline of more than 24% and a change from the untreated arm with a P value of less than 0.0001.
This highly significant effect was seen as early as three months following initiation of treatment and could reflect a combination of less tau spread in the brain as well as less neuronal damage, which could account for tau leakage into the periphery. You can see on the right side of the slide that the effect on plasma tau is also correlated to degree of plaque reduction, with nearly every patient on treatment who achieved substantial plaque clearance showing flat or declining plasma phospho-tau. We are delighted to see the potential utility of P-tau217 not just for diagnosing disease but also for monitoring treatment efficacy.
We believe this could be another important contribution to the Alzheimer’s field. Finally, on slide 18, the significant relationship between plasma P-tau217 reduction and the slowing of cognitive decline is shown. This additional biomarker for efficacy links the donanemab mechanism of amyloid plaque clearance with positive effects on both clinical outcomes and tau pathology. These data suggest that patients who achieved a 30% decrease in P-tau217 from baseline showed more than 40% slowing of disease progression.
The three main findings I just discussed, one, the consistency of clinical benefit across statistical methods; two, the correlation of plaque lowering to clinical benefits, the patients who achieved the greatest plaque clearance having the greatest opportunity for benefit; and three, the correlation between achieving complete plaque clearance and beneficial effects on tau pathologies seen in the brain and measured in the periphery, which themselves are predictors for a clinical benefit, strongly support the efficacy of donanemab and give us confidence that the remarkable levels of amyloid plaque clearance achieved by donanemab could translate into a meaningful breakthrough for patients.
Moving to slide 19; accordingly, we’ve announced that we plan to submit to the FDA under the accelerated approval pathway before the end of this year based on data from completed studies, supplemented by additional safety data from the ongoing TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 study. We remain focused on enrolling TRAILBLAZER 2 with the aim to replicate the positive results of TRAILBLAZER 1. Replication is important to overcome skepticism in the field. We hope that TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 will generate important confirmatory data for patients, physicians and payers and help us understand how to make sure the right patient gets the right duration of therapy at the right stage of disease.
We are pleased to announce today that we have closed screening for TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 with an adequate number of subjects now in the trial’s screening process to fully enroll the study. Given that conducting and processing imaging studies used during screening takes several weeks to complete, we expect that the final subject to complete screening procedures and receive their first dose of donanemab or placebo by the end of the third quarter, and the study will complete 18 months later. Given this progress in enrollment, we are confident that we will achieve the number and duration of drug exposures needed to appropriately characterize the safety profile of donanemab, allowing for regulatory submission by the end of this year.
Discussions with the FDA are consistent with our prior statement supporting a submission before the end of 2021. I also want to provide a few comments on how we believe the National Coverage Determination opened for monoclonal antibody therapies targeting amyloid by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services may impact Lilly and donanemab. We believe this NCD is a clear opportunity to focus treatment on the patients most likely to benefit from amyloid-plaque-reducing therapies. This would align with our goals, which have long been to use advanced diagnostic tools to identify the right patients that can benefit the most from amyloid-reducing therapies.
We’re particularly encouraged that our progress with the plasma P-tau217 assay could open up broader access to diagnostic tools. Still, despite the advances in diagnostics and the promise of donanemab, we acknowledge the current skepticism in the national discussion, and we hope that each drug will be evaluated by payers and prescribers based on its own data. This could be particularly important given the data I’ve shared today, which suggests that the degree of donanemab’s amyloid plaque clearance relates to clinical benefit. In summary, we look forward to submitting donanemab to the FDA later this year with the potential to bring a robust amyloid plaque clearing agent with limited treatment duration to market for early symptomatic Alzheimer’s patients in 2022 with potential replicated clinical efficacy results expected in 2023.
Transitioning now to Verzenio; on the last earnings call, we commented that FDA had asked to see an overall survival trend in favor of Verzenio in the monarchE trial in adjuvant breast cancer. We also noted that the OS data set is quite immature in the overall population which makes interpretation challenging. We have now provided to the FDA additional data from the monarchE study, and we were encouraged to see continued strengthening of the primary endpoint of Invasive Disease Free Survival, IDFS, as well as consistent benefit in the key secondary endpoint of Distant Recurrence Free Survival, DRFS.
Of note, with this continued follow-up, we can now confirm this benefit extends beyond the two-year Verzenio treatment period. We look forward to disclosing this new analysis at a medical meeting this fall. Our discussions with the FDA have focused on the pre-specified subpopulation of patients with high Ki-67 index, a marker of increased cell proliferation. These patients have more aggressive disease and higher risk of relapse and, thus, are more mature for overall survival analysis. This group, which makes up approximately half of the monarchE population are demonstrating an overall survival trend that favors the treatment arm.
And based on FDA feedback, we expected initial approval in adjuvant breast cancer in this population before the end of the year, in line with the current review cycle. Importantly, since the IDFS and DRFS hazard ratios favoring Verzenio are similar in patients with high and low Ki-67 index, we expect that the OS trend first seen in the Ki-67 high population will in time be replicated in the broader study population. We hope to expand the label to the entire enrolled population in the future once we see more overall survival events in the broader population. To-date, regulators outside the U.S. have not raised the same questions on overall survival.
Finally, moving to Olumiant, we shared in July that the FDA will not meet the PDUFA action date for the supplemental new drug application for atopic dermatitis. This delay is related to the FDA’s ongoing assessment of JAK inhibitors. Patient safety is critical to Lilly, and we continue to further evaluate baricitinib’s safety provide with ongoing randomized and observational safety studies. We’re confident that the efficacy and safety data for baricitinib support a favorable benefit-risk profile for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, and we look forward to continuing to work with the FDA during the remainder of the review process. We do not have additional information on timing or specific action date from the FDA, but we see potential for regulatory action for atopic dermatitis in the U.S. later this year.
We’re committed to bringing Olumiant to market in the U.S. to help meet the needs of people living with atopic determine tie is the. Slide 20 shows select pipeline opportunities as of July 30, and slide 21 shows potential key events for the year. There have been several additional major developments since our last earnings call, and I’ll cover these by therapeutic area. In May, we shared the positive results for tirzepatide in SURPASS 4 and announced that the SURPASS program met regulatory submission requirements for evaluating cardiovascular risk and confirmed our intention to submit a registration package for tirzepatide in Type 2 diabetes to global regulatory authorities by the end of 2021.
At ADA in June, tirzepatide was a large focus as we shared detailed data for the first four studies from the tirzepatide SURPASS program for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. These results support our belief that tirzepatide may represent a substantial improvement in the treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes with early and unsurpassed improvements in A1C and body weight reduction across doses. We remain on track for global regulatory submissions before the end of this year. We are also excited about tirzepatide’s opportunity across multiple indications including cardiovascular outcomes, obesity, NASH and heart failure.
In Q2 we initiated SUMMIT, our planned Phase 3 study for tirzepatide in heart failure. In July, we achieved an important milestone with Jardiance, as the first and only medicine to achieve a primary endpoint for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, or HFpEF. The EMPEROR-preserved Phase 3 trial met its primary endpoint and demonstrated significant risk reduction with Jardiance for the composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure in adults with HFpEF. This is a significant breakthrough for patients and we’re proud of what we’ve achieved here in partnership with Boehringer Ingelheim.
We look forward to presenting detailed results from this study at the European Society of Cardiology on August 27 and we expect to submit this indication to regulators later this year. We also received approval in the EU for Jardiance HFrEF in June and expect regulatory action in the U.S. and Japan later this year for this indication. Additionally, we’ve advanced our GGG tri-agonist into Phase 2 for diabetes based on the promising data we shared at ADA, which supports the potential for differentiated efficacy from tirzepatide with respect to bodyweight while maintaining glycemic control. We also started two Phase 1 studies for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Lastly, we removed one of our oral GIP/GLP Phase 1 molecules from our pipeline. In Oncology we also continued to make important progress. Starting with Verzenio, we’ve initiated two Phase 3 studies since our last update. As planned, we’ve initiated an adjuvant study for HR+ HER2 breast cancer. And we are announcing today that a result — as a result of a favorable blinded interim analysis for our Phase 2 trial in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, we’ve also initiated the Phase 3 portion of this adaptive study. This action was based on a recommendation from the Independent Data Monitoring Committee or IDMC.
The IDMC reviewed interim efficacy and safety data and concluded that the results met the pre-specified expansion criteria based on radiographic progression-free survival and recommended advancing the study to the registrational Phase 3 stage. While Lilly remains blinded to the study, we are obviously very pleased with this development and have already begun dosing patients in the Phase 3 portion of this trial. Given that the expansion to Phase 3 includes the cohort of patients who were in the Phase 2 study, these data remain blinded, and we will not be disclosing these at medical meeting. On the development front in oncology, we also made progress with pirtobrutinib and our Oral SERD.
We’ve initiated the Phase 3 study for pirtobrutinib in relapsed refractory MCL monotherapy, executing on our commitment to a robust Phase 3 program for this molecule. Regarding Oral SERD, we announced our plans to begin a Phase 3 study later in 2021 based on the Phase 1 results we shared at ASCO in June that showed an efficacy and safety profile in line with our expectations. In addition, we’ve now achieved the first human dose for our next generation KRAS G12C inhibitor. Lastly in oncology we announced that the FDA has accepted our submission of Sintilimab for non-small cell lung cancer.
This submission is an encouraging start for our collaborative efforts with Innovent to make Sintilimab available in countries beyond China. In neurodegeneration, in addition to the donanemab news I just shared, we anticipate a Phase 2 readout for zagotenemab later this year and note that our GBA1 Gene Therapy asset from Prevail started a Phase 2 study in Type 2 Gaucher disease. For immunology we do not have additional significant updates in Q2, but we’re looking forward to the Phase 3 readouts of lebrikizumab in atopic dermatitis and baricitinib for Lupus later this year.
We also submitted baricitinib for alopecia areata in Japan. Lastly, we’re moving our COVID-19 antibody therapy LY-CoV1404 now known as BEBTELOVIMAB into Phase 2 to address viral variants as part of our ongoing commitment to help combat COVID-19 if needed. To recap, Q2 was another positive quarter for R&D at Lilly, and we’re excited about a number of further readouts and important milestones coming later this year, reflecting continued advances on behalf of patients suffering from disease.
Now, I’ll turn the call back over to Dave for some closing remarks.
David A. Ricks — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks a lot, Dan. Appreciate that. Before we go to Q&A, let me sum up the progress we’ve made during this quarter. We’ve seen strength in our core business in the first half of this year and increased momentum in Q2. This is driven by strong volume driven growth across key brands and most major geographies. We’re pleased to see sequential top line growth this quarter as well as year-over-year margin expansion. We made significant progress developing new medicines. And Q2 was another positive quarter for our pipeline as we announced plans to submit tirzepatide in Type 2 diabetes and donanemab in Alzheimer’s disease later this year, as well as an approval for Jardiance in HFrEF and, as Dan outlined, positive results in HFpEF.
We returned nearly $800 million to shareholders through dividends and completed $500 million in share repurchases, reflecting confidence in the ongoing strength of our business. As we look forward to the rest of the year, we’re quite confident in our long-term prospects. Before we move on to Q&A I would also like to share that we will hold a live investor meeting this December to highlight our R&D pipeline and progress for our investors.
We will also provide our initial 2022 guidance at this meeting. Given the limited physical space available, this event will have an accompanying webcast. We’re hopeful that we can host this event in person but are watching the evolution of the pandemic closely and will adjust accordingly to a virtual event if needed. Our IR team will be in contact in the coming weeks to issue invitations and provide more logistical details on this meeting.
Now, let me turn it over to Kevin to moderate our Q&A session.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks Dave. We’d like to take questions from as many callers as possible, so we ask that you limit your questions to two per caller. Lois, can you please provide the instructions for the Q&A session and then we’re ready for the first caller?
Questions and Answers:
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions] And our first question is from the line of Terence Flynn from Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.
Terence Flynn — Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC — Analyst
Hi. Thanks for taking the question. Maybe, Dan, I was just wondering if you could elaborate at all on your comments regarding your discussions with the FDA on donanemab. It sounds like they’re consistent with your expectations. But any more color you can provide if they’ve actually signed off fully on your plans to file the BLA? And then how much additional safety data would they want to see from the ongoing TRAILBLAZER 2 study? Thank you.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Terence. Dan?
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Yeah. Sure, Terence. Thanks for that question on donanemab and FDA and safety. In June, when we got the breakthrough therapy designation and we announced our expectations to file a BLA by the end of the year, that was based on our current understanding of the situation. Since then, things have progressed, and I would say I’m even more confident now than I was then that we should have an adequate package to support a complete submission by the end of this year. That includes, of course, our confidence that we have enough safety data to support a full evaluation of the benefit/risk of this drug.
I think given limited duration of dosing, that helps, as well as given the near completion now of enrollment in TRAILBLAZER 2. So it’s our intent then to use combined safety data from the completed Phase 1 and Phase 2 studies as well as an early look at safety data from that ongoing Phase 3 study to support the package. Now, of course, with any ongoing study there’s always risk. We don’t know what that safety data is going to show. If it’s consistent with safety data we’ve collected prior to this study, then I think we should also be confident that that would support a positive benefit/risk assessment and put us on track to launch next year as we said.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Dan. Terence, thanks for your question. Next caller, please?
Operator
And the next question is from Ronny Gal from Bernstein. Please go ahead.
Ronny Gal — Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. LLC — Analyst
Good morning, and thank you for taking my question. Two; the first one, I’ll stay with donanemab. You have kind of suggested in your comments there that there will be good chance to use some of the biomarkers that you are developing in the early commercial use of donanemab. Can you talk a little bit about what markers you expect to have approved by when? And how do you see essentially the entire patient passage through the use of donanemab going forward?
And how does it differ from other amyloid-beta? And second, BASAGLAR seems to have a bit of a price drop this quarter. Can you discuss a little bit what you’re seeing here, what you’re expecting with the approval of the first interchangeable biosimilars? Any impact there and as we go forward, how should we think about that franchise?
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Ronny. We’ll go to Dan for the questions on donanemab and then Mike Mason for the questions on BASAGLAR.
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Yeah. Thanks, Ronny, for the question on biomarkers and their commercial use. Of course, this has been an area of great progress and great investment by Lilly. We continue to put a lot of emphasis here. I think objectively you wouldn’t have had the progress that we’re seeing now on Alzheimer’s disease had it not been for the ability to select patients for treatment and follow their response treatment with biomarkers. We don’t see that as a research-only application. That should be available, those kind of tools, to patients who are being clinically treated for Alzheimer’s disease in the future.
So the status of the tools right now is both of the PET agents, the tau PET imaging with Tauvid that we use and the amyloid PET imaging with Amyvid, those are both of course FDA approved. And availability is somewhat limited right now, particularly for Tauvid, but could quickly be scaled with launch of donanemab in the future. The third agent, which is probably the one that will be the most accessible to patients, is the phospho-tau217 assay. Just as we continue to work on that assay, we’re more and more impressed with its performance, its ability to identify patients, and even as I showed today track their progression.
So this could be an answer for patients in the near term. We’ll work hard to make that available. The bar is often lower for in vitro diagnostics than in vivo diagnostics, and I think there’s good potential there. You asked about the patient flow once all these things are approved and available, and presumably that happens around the time of donanemab’s launch, if not before. I think it would make sense and fit with medical practice if screening starts with some sort of simple cognitive exams by a physician to assess a patient’s early availability to Alzheimer’s. Then they would move on to probably a blood-based test like phospho-tau217. If that’s positive, that could either be a basis for treatment, depending on if data support that, or that could triage patients to PET scans for further evaluation.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Dan. Now to Mike for the questions around BASAGLAR Q2 performance and Semglee interchangeability.
Michael B. Mason — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Diabetes
Yeah. Thanks for the question on BASAGLAR. The performance that you’re seeing in the second quarter in ’21 has primarily been driven by pricing pressure and volume pressure in the Medicaid segment for BASAGLAR. Let me give you a little bit of color on how the Medicaid segment works. There’s really two different types of states, those that have one signal unified preferred drug lists across Managed Medicaid and fee for service and then others that have two different kind of unique preferred drug lists across fee for service and a different one for Managed Medicaid.
What we’ve seen with BASAGLAR is, when states decide to transition from having two preferred drug lists to a unified preferred drug list, the economics for the state tends to favor the long-standing brands like Lantus. And so at that point, if we have won a state in a Managed Medicaid, you’ll see the transition back to Lantus. So that’s what you’ve seen driving our Q2 performance. Also, in the managed Medicaid space we have seen some pricing pressure there from Semglee that’s required us to put more rebates on the — in order to preserve volume for that. First of all, before turning to Semglee, know that the trends for BASAGLAR are fully baked into our guidance for the remaining part of 2021.
Now, let me turn to Semglee. First of all, understand that Semglee has gained interchangeability just with Lantus, not with BASAGLAR. So we don’t anticipate any immediate impact on BASAGLAR. If you look at Semglee performance to-date, they’ve captured about 2% share of market on the TRx and about 1% of new treatment starts, and the vast majority of that has come from Medicare Part A, which is hospitals and the Medicaid segment. If you look at the price point for Semglee, it’s currently at $99 per vial and about $150 for a five pack of pens.
And with the move to interchangeability, we really support any actions that help patients with diabetes have a more affordable out-of-pocket experience, which is why anyone regardless of insurance status is eligible to buy their monthly prescriptions of Lilly Insulin for $35 or less through our Insulin Value Program. The Insulin Value Program has helped lower the average out-of-pocket cost for a monthly prescription of Lilly Insulin, which also includes multiple vials or insulin pen packs, to $28.05 in the face of raising health insurance deductibles. So it’s great that people living with diabetes has access to many options to lower their out-of-pocket costs. Thanks for the question.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Mike. Thanks, Ronny for your questions. Next caller, please?
Operator
Thank you. And the next question is from Tim Anderson from Wolfe Research. Please go ahead.
Tim Anderson — Wolfe Research LLC — Analyst
Thank you. A couple of questions. Just your general thoughts on sub-Q dosing with antibodies to plaque. Does that offer meaningful differentiation? At a high level, the benefits would seem quite obvious, to being able to dose a drug at home, but some argue that it falls outside of a Medicare Part B framework, so maybe docs would be more inclined to stick with an infusion.
And I believe you originally did not pursue sub-Q because you’re worried you wouldn’t get enough drug across the blood-brain barrier. Roche has shown us they can achieve that. So can we expect Lilly might also pursue a sub-Q? And would this require a formal Phase 3 study looking at plaque reduction as a primary endpoint? And then, last quick question. Why wouldn’t something like P-tau217 become a separate meaningful revenue stream in its own right for Lilly?
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Tim. We’ll go to Dan for all those questions.
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Okay. Thanks. It’s a good question and line of questions here on sub-Q dosing for anti-amyloid therapies. Probably two factors that we have to take into account in addition to the ones you mentioned. First and most important is efficacy for patients, and I think all of the data that we have so far suggest and support the notion that deep and rapid clearance is key here. And so if you’re going to go to sub-Q dosing, it’s important to make sure you do get enough drug in so that you can quickly get patients to clear.
That’s not going to always be possible with every drug. I think the second consideration with sub-Q dosing is the duration of therapy. So if it’s a limited duration of therapy, the difference between IV and sub-Q, if it’s once a month for six months, that’s not a big difference between IV and sub-Q, whereas if it’s for the rest of your life maybe that is a bigger difference. And finally, with respect to our plans for sub-Q, I do think it’s an important option to offer patients, notwithstanding the previous comments, even for a limited-duration therapy, some patients may prefer it, assuming you can get the same kind of efficacy.
I think with donanemab, that’s unlikely to be possible, and we’re not pursuing it given the doses we need and the formulation we have. However, we have a second-generation antibody here that we call N3pG4 which I think is quite likely to be viable in a subcutaneous presentation, and that is our focus of development around N3pG4. My expectation around that is that it should be able to show comparable amyloid plaque lowering with subcutaneous dosing as donanemab does with IV dosing. If so, given the similarities between the drugs, we would seek Accelerated Approval pathway for that drug in the future as sort of a subcutaneous version of donanemab, although it is a new enemy.
Your second question was around the phospho-tau assay and whether that’s a significant revenue stream. It’s certainly conceivable, and we haven’t sort of thought through all of our commercial plans around that. But really, for Lilly, and it may be significant for some companies, I think for Lilly, though, our focus is on removing barriers for treatment to patients. And so as we think about how we position diagnostics and therapeutics in the marketplace, our focus will be on really making sure the most patients possible can get treated appropriately.
David A. Ricks — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
And maybe just a comment. Thanks, Dan. Tim, on the access and payment environment, I think our priority at Lilly is always going to be how to make it easier for patients to get to a therapy, and then we solve for value on the back end. There are clearly benefits in a short-duration treatment, like Dan said, with donanemab in Part B. They’re going to be watched closely by their physicians initially anyway. There are real and important side effects which require imaging analysis for this class of drugs, and so it’s an intensively managed disease.
But through time, as we’ve seen with other classes, as comfort level will rise, in primary care in particular, in using therapeutic antibodies to Alzheimer’s, a more convenient form available at a local pharmacy perhaps for self-injection or injection by a caregiver will be preferred. And our plans line up with pursuing both those channels, although in early days probably the intensive nature of the treatment and specialist nature will favor the infusion. But we’re committed to both, and we’re solving for patient convenience at the end of the day.
Tim Anderson — Wolfe Research LLC — Analyst
Thank you.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Dave and Dan. Tim, thanks for your questions. Next caller, please?
Operator
The next question is from Chris Schott from J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead.
Chris Schott — J.P. Morgan Securities LLC — Analyst
Great. Thanks very much for the questions. Just one on donanemab and then one on Verzenio. Just I guess my bigger question on donanemab is, how are you thinking about the role of A-beta antibodies maybe prior to definitive cognition data being available? So I guess do you see cognition data significantly expanding the market opportunity for these products, or do you anticipate we’re going to see broad usage even in the event, let’s just say, the additional cognitive readouts you see on donanemab were less definitive than what we saw in the Phase 2?
I’m trying to say, do you think the whole market at this point is just going to move to plaque regression or reduction, or is cognition still very important I think in terms of the commercial opportunity? My second question was on the Verzenio update. Just a two-parter here. Just when do you think you’ll have that incremental OS data for the other 50% of the population? And how hard is it to identify these higher risk patients as we think about maybe the initial commercial opportunity in adjuvant? Thanks so much.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Chris. We’ll go to Dan for donanemab and then Anne for the questions on Verzenio.
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Yeah. So your question is — maybe I’ll break it into two parts. The first part is, how important is it in the near term to have additional cognitive benefit data for amyloid plaque drugs? And then in the longer term, what happens if the confirmatory studies give a negative surprise? So in the short term, I’d just clarify that we have compelling clinical efficacy data for donanemab, the only trial of its kind to be successful, a positive Phase 2 study, and its primary endpoint showing cognitive benefits for donanemab. That’s different, unique, and exciting, published in The New England journal.
That’s exciting. And I think that will be helpful even before we have the confirmatory data, being in that unique position. There will be some physicians, I’m sure, as there are today, who still say, I don’t want to use a drug until I have cognitive data. Fine. For those physicians who are willing to make that link between the surrogate efficacy data and the Phase 2 data on donanemab, if you believe that lowering amyloid plaque is a good thing to do, you’re going to want the drug that lowers plaque the most, and I think that’s an exciting aspect of donanemab as well. But then we come to the confirmatory studies.
I think surely everyone will have to acknowledge, if for multiple sponsors, multiple drugs are all clearly negative, that would be a bad thing, and we would retreat and say that this was a wrong way of thinking. I think that scenario is extremely unlikely. I think the most likely scenario is probably a mixed picture. Some drugs will be better than others. Some trials will reach significance. Others might not. You’ve heard me speak about the of confidence in our trial, but we have to see the data. I think in that scenario that will be good enough to reinforce the notion that amyloid is an important surrogate and reducing amyloid is a good idea.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Dan. Anne, on Verzenio?
Anne E. White — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Oncology
Yeah, Chris. Thanks for the question. And, as Dan shared, we are incredibly pleased with what we’re seeing out of Verzenio in the monarchE data. And, as he shared, key endpoints such as IDFS have continued to strengthen with further follow up, and now we have two years of median follow up and so very pleased with that. And, as he shared, we remain very confident there will be an OS trend favoring Verzenio in the broader population, so we would work with the FDA to expand our label to include these patients in the future.
So obviously this is event-driven, and so the timing of this will be driven by the event rate. So our next planned analysis is in the second half of ’22, and this analysis will help us really further inform the timing of that final analysis. So, as you commented, the overall survival data in the broader population is still immature. We still have less than 50% of the events needed to do that final OS analysis but with what we’re seeing, and again strong performance in both the high and low Ki-67. We remain confident to see this trend in OS favoring Verzenio to replicate. As far as Ki-67, the good news here is that this is really a familiar concept to physicians.
It is already accepted as a prognostic factor in breast cancer, and it’s really easily performed through an IHC assay, so a very simple assay, and these are broadly available in the pathology labs. And the assay and the methodology that we used on monarchE is straightforward and proven to be accurate and really highly reproducible. So our belief is that oncologists will move to quickly adopt this in practice and, really, this clarity in patients with the highest risk, I think, will help to accelerate uptake in this setting, so we look forward to launching in this setting.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thank you, Anne. Chris, thanks for your questions. Next caller, please?
Operator
The next caller is Umer Raffat from Evercore. Please go ahead.
Umer Raffat — Evercore ISI — Analyst
Hi. Thanks so much for taking my questions. I, surprisingly, also want to talk about Alzheimer’s today. Dan, I have three subparts. First, are you expecting to use interim data from your ongoing Phase 3 as part of the regulatory filing or during the review? Secondly, once the plaque is cleared, and I think 60% of patients have clearance by 12 months, what rate of onset of new amyloid plaque do you expect subsequently?
And I’m trying to understand your expectation on finite duration of dosing versus Biogen’s opinion on continued dosing? And then, finally, I’m also trying to reconcile the slide you showed on the nonlinear model, The Conrado model, suggesting a relationship between plaque decrease and a slowing in clinical progression. Are you saying there’s a relationship or are you saying there’s a causality? Because you might recall The New England Journal paper on your Phase 2 mentioned there was no association between plaque and clinical benefit at patient level, and Biogen’s data suggested similar. Thank you very much.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Umer. Dan?
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Okay. Three great questions, Umer. Thanks. So the first question, you asked if we’d use interim data. I commented that we’ll take a safety cut of data in the right way to support that submission. We don’t plan to support that submission, nor do we see the need to support that submission with any looks at efficacy data. We have adequate efficacy data supporting the plaque lowering, which would be the basis of submission approval under Accelerated Approval. Your second question is once plaque clears, how long does it take to come back? We have some data on that, that was also presented at AIC.
I didn’t highlight it this morning, but what we found is that off-therapy there is very slow, negligible, really, regrowth of plaque. I think if you sort of extrapolate it out, it might take 14 or 15 years, something like that, to regrow amyloid plaque. Average age of patients in this trial is 75, and remember, we haven’t fully halted progression of disease, so that doesn’t feel like a near-term thinking on redosing would be necessary to keep them clear, but we’ll have the ability to follow patients for many, many years and confirm that.
Finally, I think you’ve correctly summarized the situation, which is that in our initial analysis, we didn’t see a correlation, and now we are reporting that we do see a correlation. Why is that? And of course, correlation can’t prove causation, so it is just a correlation. So why do we see it now? I think what we learned was quite interesting, and that’s that the amount of plaque you remove depends a lot on how much plaque you have to start with. So, if you only have 50 centiloids of plaque, there’s only so much you can remove. If you have 100 centiloids of plaque at baseline, you can remove a lot more. So that turns out to be a pretty important confound in these kinds of correlations.
The people who have the more severe disease, perhaps longer duration, lower cognitive performance, older age, they might have more plaque at baseline, you can remove more, but they still might be the worse progressors than people who have lower plaque and you remove less. So I think our thinking, initially, and maybe the field thinking, was a little bit backwards on this to look for a straight correlation between change and change, without adjusting for all of those important baseline co-variants.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Dan. Umer, thanks for your questions. Next caller, please?
Operator
And our next question is from the line of Andrew Baum. One moment. Please go ahead.
Andrew Baum — Citigroup Global Markets Ltd. — Analyst
Thank you. A couple of questions, please. Just going back to interim analysis of TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2. Not so much as [Indecipherable] support accelerated, but to accelerate the readout for the full, standard regulatory review, you’re using a Bayesian disease progression model. Given that you’re getting such a rapid clearance of Alzheimer’s, and that’s linked to cognition in those patients who have that, do we have to assume that the follow up is going to go out to the full 72 weeks or is there possibility of the unblinding driven by efficacy in those patients? And then second, perhaps you could comment on the manufacturing capacity for donanemab as well as the regulatory outlook for your P-tau assay, assuming that you attain regulatory approval on the Accelerated. Thank you.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Andrew. Dan, we’ll go to you for those questions.
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Yeah. So, Andrew, you’ve asked a follow-up question here, an important one on the potential, even in the face of an Accelerated review for — Accelerated Approval for plaque lowering, whether we’d still be keen to get that cognitive data a bit earlier by pulling forward an interim on TRAILBLAZER 2. We haven’t ruled that out. We also don’t have plans at this moment in time. I think we just need to see where we are and where the field is. But really, maintaining a pristine Phase 3 trial would probably be a pretty high priority, particularly if Accelerated Approval gives a path for patients to have access to the medicine.
Then it becomes less urgent to get that data faster. So that’s our current thinking. We’ve been working hard to make sure we have manufacturing capacity. I feel good about where we are to support launch and growth of donanemab and hopefully someday N3pG4 even to follow that. With respect to the commercialization of a P-tau diagnostic, there are different paths forward for an in vitro diagnostic, including a lab developed test or LDT which can be done in a centralized location, for example, under CLIA. And that’s a pretty fast path, and that’s one of the options that we consider.
Andrew Baum — Citigroup Global Markets Ltd. — Analyst
Thanks, Dan.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Andrew, thanks for your questions. Next caller, please?
Operator
Thank you. And the question comes from Louise Chen from Cantor. Please go ahead.
Louise Chen — Cantor Fitzgerald Securities — Analyst
Hi. Thanks for taking my questions. So first question I have for you is how do you think about a potential outcome for the national coverage determination of monoclonal antibodies to treat Alzheimer’s disease? And then second question is how would you think about pricing donanemab if it is approved? Thank you.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Louise. Dan?
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Okay. Thanks. Two sort of commercially focused questions on donanemab. I mean the first one on the national coverage determination, of course that’s important. I think it was widely said that when the first approval came it was quite broad in indication, and then subsequently the FDA, working with the sponsor, focused the patient population. I think there could still be opportunity for further focusing here, and that’s one direction the experts at CMS may take.
In that case, it could be requiring patients to have evidence of Alzheimer’s pathology in the form of amyloid plaques or even tau pathology. As I said before, I think that matches our goals and what we think is right. It will take some time for that to play out, probably over the next nine months or so and surely we’ll be part of some of those discussions and share our of data and thinking in the right way. And then on pricing, I think I simply say it’s too early to comment on that. We have some time yet.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Dan. Thanks for your questions, Louise. Next caller, please?
Operator
The next caller is Geoff Meacham from Bank of America. Please go ahead.
Geoff Meacham — BofA Securities, Inc. — Analyst
Morning, everyone. Thanks so much for the questions. Dan, you’re popular today. So I just have a couple more for you. On donanemab, is there a hurdle that FDA has provided in terms of number of patients for safety either for the filing or during the review? And then as the data from TRAILBLAZER matures, what is your estimate on what the duration of therapy benefit could ultimately be? And then real quick on tirzepatide. Just wanted to know as you guys complete the filing at this point, what’s the gating factor as you look at the different geographies and you prepare? Thank you.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Geoff. We’ll go to Dan for the donanemab questions and then Mike Mason on tirzepatide.
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
With respect to the safety hurdle for donanemab or for any drug, really it’s having adequate exposures and duration of exposures in a broad population to be able to fully assess the benefit/risk of a given drug. Now that’s not a number. That depends on the particulars of the drug, the population, of course, that you hope to treat, the duration of therapy, of course, but also the particulars around the safety data and the efficacy data that you collect.
So it would be nice and easy I think for sponsors in the FDA if there was a particular line in the sand that could be drawn, but as I said, it needs to be tailored for each drug. Based on our current thinking and analysis and discussions, as I said, I think we’ll be there comfortably at the end of this year. Your second question was about the duration of benefit as the TRAILBLAZER data mature. I commented on the duration of plaque lowering, which appears to be sustained, but I think, Geoff, you’re getting at the duration of the cognitive benefit.
We see a slowing of decline on average, which means that patients are still declining. You could ask, are the lines coming together or going apart? I think on some of the cuts of the initial data there might have been a perception that the lines were not diverging at the later time points. I think, as I showed, the additional statistical methods and even as at the look at the raw data, we’re pretty comfortable here that we have lines that diverge over time. And, therefore, I would suspect that, that benefit of slowing would continue over time but too soon to have real data on that.
David A. Ricks — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Dan. Mike, on tirzepatide?
Michael B. Mason — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Diabetes
Yeah. Thanks for the question. Our Phase 3 SURPASS program for Type 2 diabetes is done and completed, so the only gating factor here is how quickly we can summarize the data and submit to the regulators, which we plan to do by the end of the year to major global regulators. Thanks.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Mike. Geoff, thanks for your questions. Next caller, please?
Operator
Thank you. And the next caller is Carter Gould from Barclays. Please go ahead.
Carter Gould — Barclays Capital, Inc. — Analyst
Great. Good morning. Maybe I’ll try to take another stab at the pricing question. I appreciate it’s early, but it is sort of the elephant in the room. And maybe if Dave and team could comment just on the appropriateness of the pricing benchmarks in the space already today in Alzheimer’s as you think about it? And then obviously 3Q has tripped you up in the past around Trulicity dynamics, so if you could offer a little more clarity there as you think about pricing headwinds into 3Q specifically? Thank you.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Carter. So we’ll go to Dave for the question on pricing for donanemab and then Mike on Trulicity pricing dynamics?
David A. Ricks — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. Appreciate the question, and we totally get the curiosity. As you understand, there’s probably a lot of limitations on what we would say at this stage. One of the reasons for the limitation is really the ultimate label we have and the value we can demonstrate to customers is a key input at Lilly for pricing. And, unfortunately, we have the only study in the space that hit its pre-specified endpoint for disease progression reduction and those are key. As we demonstrated at AIC, we continue to cut that data. I think there was an earlier question about how we might differentiate and the NCD process.
But that’s one of them, is we have this completed study with exquisite biomarker profiles of the product and can continue to elucidate what donanemab does in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients in ways that perhaps others could not. And those are inputs as well. Finally, Lilly has been a leader in value-based concepts and really partnerships to make sure that the appropriate patients can easily access at low out-of-pocket costs our medicines. And we’re applying that thinking to this problem as well in the U.S. as well as outside. Our goal isn’t to just get an approval but to make sure that all of the people, millions in the U.S. who could qualify for it, could access it on day one. So those are all inputs into that process, and without throwing out a number here which wouldn’t be appropriate until we get an approval, that’s how we think about it. Hopefully that gives you some color behind the scenes.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Dave. And then to Mike on Trulicity for pricing dynamics, pricing trends.
Michael B. Mason — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Diabetes
Yeah. Thanks for the question. Really nothing new to report on Trulicity pricing. At the beginning of the year, we gave guidance that when you take a look at the impact of increased rates and market segment mix and offset by lower utilization, 340B, and modest list price increases that for the year we would see low-single digit price decline for Trulicity. That’s what we’re experiencing, so really nothing new to update at this point in the year.
Anat Ashkenazi — Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah. Let me just add just more general comment on pricing movement through the year. And I know we’ve had numerous conversations on this. There does tend to be some volatility throughout the year. We do tend to see as patients flow through the healthcare system a more pronounced impact from the coverage gap in the second and third quarter of the year. So you see that dynamic throughout really every year, as Mike said.
And we built those assumptions into our full-year guidance in terms of pricing dynamics for the year, and obviously, as we have more color and insight, we’ll provide that. But right now, as we look at the full year estimate for U.S. pricing dynamic, it’s consistent with what we previously discussed in terms of overall erosion. You saw 3% for the first half of the year, which is what you should expect for the full year.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Anat. Carter, thanks for your questions. Next caller, please?
Operator
The next question is from Seamus Fernandez from Guggenheim. Please go ahead.
Seamus Fernandez — Guggenheim Securities LLC — Analyst
Oh, great. Thanks for the question. So, really wanted to kind of focus in on abemaciclib and prostate cancer and the update that was provided. I think in an abstract published at AACR some of the details were provided with regard to the threshold for moving forward as it relates to the hazard ratio, and despite the hazard ratio 0.64, 80% power with a P value of 0.1 to continue advancing into the next stage of CYCLONE 2. So just wanted to clarify if that information is consistent and a driving force for moving forward. That would seem like a robust piece of information to have as we head into that.
And then incremental to that, just wanted to get a sense of the magnitude of the opportunity that Lilly believes this would represent for Verzenio going forward, and if there are, let’s say, RB, so the retinal blastoma-related requirements for enrollment or any other biomarker requirements that could limit the size of the patient population. And then just as a follow up. In terms of the NCD determination, just wanted to clarify if the pricing of the initially priced product would have any impact on Lilly’s ability to independently price its own product, and if that’s part of the reason why Lilly has argued for the products being treated independently as part of the NCD, rather than as a class. Thanks.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Seamus. We’re going to toss it to Dan first to start on of Verzenio, and then Anne will follow to round that out, and then we’ll go back to Dan for the NCD question.
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
You’re asking, Seamus, very smartly about the criteria to expand the study for our Phase 2 study to a Phase 3 study. I don’t think we want to get into the very precise details on what that was, but you’re correct that it was a very robust threshold, so we’re excited to see that happen. We take Phase 3 starts very seriously at Lilly. We don’t want Phase 3 failures. So when we have studies like this one in any therapeutic area where we move from Phase 2 to Phase 3 without ever seeing the data, we set aggressive bars that the data really have to match to move forward to Phase 3, so you can expect that’s what we did here. Anne for more detail?
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Dan. Anne, for more he detail there and also the magnitude of the opportunity we see in Prostate.
Anne E. White — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Oncology
Yeah, I mean, as Dan said, we were incredibly pleased with this outcome and the recommendation by the DNC, and we set a very aggressive threshold on this adaptive design, and we’re impressed that it met that threshold. And I think it just continues to be another example of how Verzenio differentiates from the competition. So that Phase 3 is open, it’s already enrolling patients. We anticipate the results of the analysis in 2024. The question on market size — CYCLONE 2 is, it’s a metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer trial that really targets patients who have not yet received prior novel hormonal agents, so in earlier settings.
Our initial research shows that the addressable market could be in the range of 25% to 50% of metastatic CRPC, so it’s depending really a bit on how the market evolves with the use of NHAs in that earlier setting. So in the U.S., for example, based on that, we currently estimate between 7,000 and 14,000 patients would match that inclusion criteria for CYCLONE 2. And exciting in this space is that, along with being a high unmet need and a large patient population, there’s also a long length of anticipated treatment duration. So this could be a treatment duration of up to two years or longer. So that’s why we’re particularly excited about this opportunity is what it delivers there. There is no RB or other biomarker requirements in this study.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Anne. Dan, on NCD?
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Last question was on NCD and why did I say that we think each drug should be valued on its own merits — is that a relation to pricing or something like that? No. My primary focus here is on the patient and the outcomes that a drug could deliver which, even within the same class, could be different. Our theory, and I presented data today to support that theory, is that the amount of amyloid you remove and how quickly you do that is important for predicting outcomes. If that’s the case, you can easily imagine different drugs, even with the same class, having a different benefit for patients and some of those benefits may be above a threshold for coverage and others may not. That’s conceivable. Not what I anticipate is the most likely scenario, but we want to be prepared for all scenarios here.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Dan. Seamus, thanks for your questions. Next caller, please.
Operator
The next question is from Vamil Divan from Mizuho Securities. Please go ahead.
Vamil Divan — Mizuho Securities USA LLC — Analyst
Great. Thanks for taking my questions. And thanks for all the updates on the pipeline. So maybe a couple sort of separate topics that have been covered more on the call so far. One, lebrikizumab, that one gets underappreciated a little bit. We got Phase 3 data coming in. Can you maybe just set the sort of expectations on what you’re hoping to see? I know you have the dosing advantage potentially with that product.
But obviously, Dupixent a formidable competitor there. So maybe if you can just sort of frame what you’re open hoping to see. And then tirzepatide just one quick follow up. I know you mentioned you started, and you said, the HFpEF study for that product. Are you looking at that for HFrEF as well? I just don’t remember you mentioning that. And if not, I’m just curious why you wouldn’t pursue that.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Vamil. We’ll go to Ilya for the question on lebrikizumab and then Mike for tirzepatide.
Ilya Yuffa — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Bio-Medicines
Great. Thank you for the question on lebrikizumab. We’re excited for the second half of the year to see the data related to our induction phase for lebrikizumab across a number of trials. And so what we’re hoping to see and expect to see is replicating some of the positive signals we saw in Phase 2 where we have strong efficacy in skin itch and, we believe, have a very good safety profile. And so we anticipate that lebrikizumab will have a very competitive profile versus Dupixent in a growing and a significant unmet need. And we see lebrikizumab being an important asset for us as we think bought not only atopic dermatitis but our overall presence and strength in dermatology and our growing immunology franchise.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Ilya. Mike?
Michael B. Mason — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Diabetes
Okay. Thanks for the question. Yes. We have only announced a HFpEF study for tirzepatide, and that’s currently all we’re planning on announcing at this point. I think we’re very confident in the opportunity of tirzepatide in the HFpEF. When you look at patients that have HFpEF, there’s a large segment that also are obese, and obesity is distinct phenotype within this patient population. So I think we feel good about the results we’ve seen in our Phase 2 studies that give us, I think, confidence that we’ll be successful in HFpEF. And so right now, our effort are focused on HFpEF. Thanks.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Mike. Vamil, thanks for your questions. Next caller, please?
Operator
The next call is Steve Scala from Cowen. Please go ahead.
Steve Scala — Cowen & Co. LLC — Analyst
Thank you. Two questions. First, on the Q1 earnings call, Lilly said in monarchE there have been 76 events, 39 on abemaciclib, 37 on control. Can you provide an update with numbers on a like-for-like basis? And then secondly, on your oral SERD, did Lilly see potential for differentiation in the ASCO data? And if so, what differentiation did it see, particularly as competitor data and news flow evolves? Lilly has previously said it would not pursue a me-too SERD. So I’m wondering what is different about yours. Thank you.
David A. Ricks — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Steve. We’ll go to Anne for the first question on Verzenio and Jake for the question on oral SERD differentiation.
Anne E. White — Senior Vice President and President, Lilly Oncology
Well, thanks, Steve. And as Dan shared, we’re going to be presenting data from this recent analysis at a medical meeting later this year. So we won’t be able to share further details, and then obviously due to the embargo. But, as you can tell, we are very pleased to see the data continue to strengthen in this latest analysis with more than two years of follow up. As we said previously, the overall survival data remains immature. So at this point what I can share is we have less than half of the events needed, so less than 50% of the events needed for the pre-specified OS analysis. So the data remains immature. Again, we were really pleased even with that immaturity to see that the patients with the highest risk already had this favorable trend. But thanks for the question and look forward to sharing more at a meeting later on.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Anne. Jake?
Jacob S. Van Naarden — Chief Executive Officer, Loxo Oncology, Inc.
Sure. Happy to take the question on SERD. We’re pleased with how the drug is performing clinically. It’s doing everything that we expected it to do from a pharmacology, safety and efficacy perspective. I think the data package that we presented at ASCO, and that which we continue to see in the trials subsequent to ASCO, place the drug in a vacuum on par with the best agents in development from our peers. But this is not a class of medicine that stands on its own, period. This is really a development program. And I think as it relates to me-tooism, what I would say is that we’re not interested in pursuing a me-too development program, and we stand by that statement.
And, frankly, our leadership position in breast cancer in particular with emerging Verzenio data, as we’ve been talking about today, I think put us in a unique position as relates to this class of medicines. That all having been said, I also think we are a bit more cautious about the long-term role of SERDs in this landscape, and we’re looking for some randomized data for the first time from some of our competitors later this year that I think will shed some light on where these drugs ought to fit in the overall treatment paradigm.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Jake. Steve, thanks for your questions. Next caller, please?
Operator
And that comes from Matthew Harrison from Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.
Matthew Harrison — Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC — Analyst
Great. Thanks for fitting me in. I guess two from me. So, first, just a follow up with two parts on The Conrado model. One, do we know regulators’ view of this model? And then secondly, maybe if you can just explain what we’re seeing in a little more detail? It looks like you’re seeing about a 40% regression in slung at 100% clearance. I assume this is over 18 months. Would you expect that to continue to compound? I’m just wondering why only sort of 40% slowing when you’ve cleared all the plaque. And then just a second follow up on SERD. Any plans to look at that in combination with CDK4/6 or other combinations? Thanks.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Matthew. We’ll go to Dan for the questions on the Conrado model and then Jake on SERD.
Daniel M. Skovronsky — Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific and Medical Officer
Yeah. Thanks, Matthew, for the question there. No. We don’t have a regulator’s view on The Conrado model, but we’re encouraged that this model was built, as I said earlier, by data from the CAMD consortium and has been around for a while and used for various applications. What we’re doing here, though, to be clear, is checking a patient’s progression against what we predict their progression would be. So, knowing all of their baseline factors, how much would they predicted to have progressed had they not been on drug versus how much did they actually progress? And so that’s essentially what you’re seeing in the graph. You’re right.
Even with full plaque clearance, there’s still some progression. There’s only a 40% decrease. Now, that’s a big a defect as anyone ever has talked about in Alzheimer’s disease, but surely over time we’re going to need additional therapeutics for Alzheimer’s beyond just clearing the plaque at least in this stage of disease. And I think that’s probably where tau therapeutics come into play. So that’s how we think about it. I think earlier in the disease course it could be quite different perhaps. If you get it early enough, you could have 100% disease slowing of progression and in essence no Alzheimer’s, but that is yet to be proven.
David A. Ricks — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Dan. Going to Jake for the question on SERD.
Jacob S. Van Naarden — Chief Executive Officer, Loxo Oncology, Inc.
Yeah. To the question on SERD, of course we plan to explore combining our oral SERD with CDK4/6, in particular abemaciclib. We’re doing that right now in the context of an expansion cohort of the Phase 1/2 trial. The same trial for which we presented data at ASCO has expansion cohorts that contemplate rational combinations including with abemaciclib.
Kevin Hern — Investor Relations
Thanks, Jake. Matthew, thanks for your questions. And we’ve exhausted the queue. We’ll go to Dave for the closure.
David A. Ricks — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Kevin, and thanks to Dan for answering all those questions. We appreciate your participation in today’s call and your interest in the company, of course. We continue to see growth with our broad commercial portfolio, and we have strong momentum across our core business supported by a breadth of brands in accelerating classes and robust growth across U.S., Europe and China. In addition, as you heard today, we believe we have a compelling pipeline with industry leading opportunities. And we remain focused on bringing new medicines to patients and creating value for all our stakeholders. Thanks again for dialing in. Please follow up with Investor Relations team if you have any questions we have not addressed today. And hope you have a great day. Thanks.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]