Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc Q1 2026 Earnings Call Transcript

Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc (NASDAQ: GLPI) Q1 2026 Earnings Call dated Apr. 24, 2026

Presentation

Operator

Greetings. Welcome to Gaming and Leisure Properties Incorporated’s First Quarter 2026 Earnings Conference Call and Webcast. At this time, all participants will be in listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero from your telephone keypad. Please note this conference is being recorded.

At this time, I’ll now turn the conference over to Joe with Investor Relations. Thank you, Joe. You may begin.

Joseph Jaffoni — Head of Investor Relations

And thank you, Rob, and good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining Gaming Leisure Properties first-quarter 2026 earnings call and webcast. The press release distributed yesterday afternoon is available in the Investor Relations section on our website at wwwglprop, Inc.com. In addition to the press release, GLPI also posted a supplemental earnings presentation, which highlights the events of the quarter, recent developments, future considerations can be accessed at.

On today’s call, management’s prepared remarks and answers to your questions may contain forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements address matters that are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed today.

Forward-looking statements may include those related to revenue, operating income and financial guidance as well as non-GAAP financial measures such as FFO and AFFO. As a reminder, forward-looking statements represent management’s current estimates and the company assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements in the future. We encourage listeners to review the more detailed discussions related to risk factors and forward-looking statements contained in the company’s filings with the SEC, including Form 10-Q and in the earnings release as well as definitions and reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures contained in the company’s earnings release.

On this morning’s call, we are joined by Peter Carlino, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Gaming and Leisure Properties. Also on today’s call are Brandon Moore, President and Chief Operating Officer; Desiree Burke, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer; Steve Ladney, Senior Vice-President and Chief Development Officer; and Carlos Santarelli, Senior Vice-President, Corporate Strategy and Investor Relations. Thank you for your patience with that.

It’s now my pleasure to turn the call over to Peter Carlino. Peter, please go-ahead.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Well, thank you, Joe. Happy to be here this morning and always — a lot more fun to make these calls when things are looking good and we’ve had a terrific quarter with our AFFO and AFFO per share, both growing in mid to-high single-digits through this first-quarter. And as we did as we entered 2026, we sit in a very enviable position with a clear and a well-documented line-of-sight toward a very healthy multiyear AFO growth both in our acquisition and development pipelines.

With the acquisition of Bally’s Lincoln in February as well as progress on several of our development projects, our future capital commitments stand at roughly $1.8 billion, nearly all of which we expect to deploy by year-end 2027. And despite what was a relatively challenging year in the regional gaming markets, 2026, as you’ve been seeing the earnings reports off to a very, very solid start and our rent coverage remains strong with the vast majority of our leases covered at 1.8 times or higher. So we feel pretty good about opportunity that exists in the market today.

We remain pretty active and feel pretty well about our balance sheet and our ability to transact in an accretive manner. As I’ve offered many times over the years, I would remind you that there is no transaction that we have to do. We are never pressured just to do something new. I used to say at the — over at Penn National that our customers may be in the gambling business, but we are not. So our focus remains on thoughtful transaction underwriting, careful capital deployment. Looking always at the health of our balance sheet and continuing to position the company for multiyear AFFO and dividend growth.

So with that, I’ll turn this over to Des.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Thanks, Peter. For the first-quarter of ’26, our total income from real-estate exceeded the first-quarter of ’25 by over $24 million. This growth was driven by approximately $33 million in cash rent increases resulting from acquisitions and escalations. For Bally’s, the acquisition of Lincoln Real Estate increased cash rent by $7.5 million.

The Chicago lease increased cash income by $5.5 million and in the Bally’s Baton Rouge development increased cash rent by $2.6 million. For PENN, and M funding increased cash income by $5.4 million. The Sunland Park Act increased cash income by $3.8 million, the TriCreek Ione and Virginia loans increased cash income by $3.5 million and then the recognition of escalators and percentage rent adjustments on our leases added approximately $4.6 million. In addition, the combination of our non-cash revenue growth subs, investment in lease adjustments and straight-line rent adjustments partially offset these increases resulting in a collective year-over-year decrease of $8 million for the non-cash items.

Our operating expenses decreased by $49.8 million, mainly due to the non-cash adjustments in the provision for credit losses. Included in today’s release is our full-year 2026 AFFO guidance of between $1.212 billion and $1.223 billion or $4.08 to $4.12 per diluted share in OP units. The guidance does not include the impact of future transactions. However, we did include additional development funding of approximately $590 to $640 million, which will be funded relatively even by quarter throughout the remainder of ’26, bringing our total development spend between $750 million to $800 million for 2026 full-year.

The acquisition of Penn’s Aurora facility for $225 million is also included in our guidance and we expect that late in the second-quarter and the anticipated settlement of $363 million of our forward equity is also still expected on June 1. From a balance sheet perspective, our leverage ratio is at 5 times at the low-end of our target level. We are still under the impression that given our balance sheet position, our several year runway to fund our development projects and our annual free-cash flow over that time-frame, we have optionality to fund our accretive commitments. As a reminder, our significant development projects do pay us cash rent upon funding.

And with that, I’ll turn it back to Peter.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you. And with that, I’ll ask the operator, would you open the call to questions.

Question & Answers

Operator

Thank you. We’ll now be conducting a question-and-answer session. If you’d like to ask a question at this time, you may press star one from your telephone keypad and the confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star 2 if you’d like to withdraw your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick-up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment please for our first question. Thank you. Thank you. And our first question is from the line of Anthony Palone with JPMorgan. Please proceed with your questions.

Anthony Paolone — Analyst, JPMorgan

Great. Thanks and good morning. Maybe can you start with talking a bit more about what your investment pipeline does look like and how does it feel in terms of what you’re seeing out there, yields, all those various dynamics.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Well, the pipeline that is outlined that has been disclosed, obviously, I think you’re not talking about that. So assuming you’re talking about what we’re seeing behind the scenes that we’ve not yet announced, I’d say we’re having a very active dialog on a number of fronts. The marketplace continues to be very productive. I’d say it ranges from anything that large-scale divestiture portfolios coming out of whether it be strategic decisions or M&A type of processes, all the way through the tribal discussions we continue to have. So there are a number of fronts. There are very active dialog. But I think as far as where we’re at in the process, we’re obviously not in position to be able to announce anything at this time.

I will say from a cap-rate perspective, since you brought that up, I think the market is normalizing and normalizing in an area that’s accretive to us. I don’t think the 7.5% cap rates that have been previously printed in the not-so-distant past are indicative of what you will see going-forward. I think the market has normalized some. I think credit markets might continue to be somewhat turbulent for the iGaming operators and therefore, I think the realization of where cap rates probably play-out for our benefit is more indicative of the 8% area that you saw Lincoln done and some of the other transactions we’ve announced more recently.

Anthony Paolone — Analyst, JPMorgan

Okay. Thanks. And then just my second one, as we look to ’26, I — is there a sense or can you give us a sense as to which of the leases may not see bumps in 2026 because coverage falls below maybe the 1.8. I don’t know if maybe if things are still rolling down before they turn the corner. I’m just trying to get a sense as to where we shouldn’t assume a bump this year.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

So the only lease that we currently do not expect escalation on would be the pinnacle lease. And we do have percentage rent adjustments that are coming in on the Pinnacle lease as well as a few other leases and that should be a small decrease for 2026. I think we talked about that last quarter, it’s below $4 million for a full-year, but we would only see about half of that this year and that is baked into our guidance and that is just an estimate at this point.

Anthony Paolone — Analyst, JPMorgan

Okay, got it.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Ronald Kamdem with Morgan Stanley. Please proceed with your questions.

Unidentified Participant

Hey, good morning. This is Jenny on for Ron. Thanks for taking my question. The first on development funding, you raised your 2026 guidance to $750 million to $800 million. Can you walk us through like what drives that increase and what projects maybe moving faster-than-expected? Thank you.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Sure. And so from a project perspective, we did raise the guidance, you’re right by $150 million on the high-end for the full-year. And that’s mainly due to our Chicago project where we have greater visibility and a clearer spend cadence as the project has progressed and the — like the podium has topped off. And it does not mean that we’re changing timing of when we think these properties may open. It’s just the timing of our spend is coming in quicker than what we had originally anticipated.

Unidentified Participant

Perfect. I think — the second one is–

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Yeah. Jenny, the only thing I’ll add there is that in Chicago, they will be topping out both the podium and the tower next week. So pretty pleased with the progress there and still on-track for first-half ’27 opening.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

We’re always happy about that putting money out that gets current interest is a happy experience. So we’re — that’s a very positive event for us.

Unidentified Participant

Yeah, that’s exciting. I think the second question maybe on Life Virginia. I think you bought the land in the first-quarter. Maybe talk a little bit more on the expect — like when do you expect the remaining funding to be started in the second-half ’26 and just more details on that, the timing of funding and the first construction drone will begin great. Thank you.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Yes. So I mean that is included in our guidance and that is included in the $590 to 640 for the remainder of the year. And we haven’t provided specific guidance on month-by-month by project. So I’m not exactly certain what else I can add to answer that question.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

And Jenny, just as a reminder, the structure that we have for the deal is a little bit different than we had for the Chicago transaction and our other development projects where the Qurdish equity dollars are all being spent first. So I think we’ll get better visibility into this as the money goes in and the development gets underway.

Unidentified Participant

Thank you. Okay. Sounds good. Thanks for taking my questions.

Operator

Thank you. The next question is from the line of Steve Bazella with Deutsche Bank. Please proceed with your questions.

Steven Pizzella — Analyst, Deutsche Bank

Thank you. Hey, good morning, everyone, and thank you for taking our questions. First, obviously, there is a lot in the pipeline that you covered. But can you share your insights into some of the performance of the recent development openings?

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Yeah, sure, Steve. Look, obviously, it’s been pretty productive here over the last six to even 12 months. You go all the way back to Hollywood Juliet. As you heard from Penn yesterday, I think they’re very pleased with the early returns there, clearly been incredibly additive relative to the prior facility. Live Petersburg, the development in Virginia opened on January 22nd. That has been incredibly strong, doing a little bit over $15 million a month-in each of the two months that that’s been opened. So I think from an indication standpoint, clearly shaping up to be a very good market for that permanent development.

The other project that we opened from a development standpoint in December of ’25 was Bally’s Baton Rouge. I think the story there is very much the same. When you look at kind of the progress relative to the old boat, I think the key there is what we’re seeing is market expand fairly nicely in Baton Rouge is driven by that new supply and some of that incremental investment. So I think those things, in general, those data points give us a lot of comfort for some of the things that we’re doing on a go-forward basis here..

Steven Pizzella — Analyst, Deutsche Bank

Okay, very helpful. Thank you. And then go-ahead.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Oh, then as Peter just mentioned, obviously, if you listen to Penn’s call yesterday, I know you did, you know the hotel expansion at M has been very well-received. Obviously, they’re outperforming in that market and appear to be taking some share due to that expansion in capital investment.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. I’ll also add, we opened in February, our first tribal investment with, which had a very strong opening and appears to have grown that market. So I think we’re very positively inclined with the first set of development projects that have come online and the general performance out of those facilities..

Steven Pizzella — Analyst, Deutsche Bank

Okay, great. Very helpful. And then just a bigger-picture question, if I may. How do you value protections and the long-term relevance of the site versus a potential free-cash flow and asset or the free-cash flow conversion?

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Sorry, Steve, I think you might have cut out for a little bit there. Could you just repeat that?

Steven Pizzella — Analyst, Deutsche Bank

Just asking how do you value the location of the real-estate compared to like your protections and the long-term relevance of a study versus the potential free-cash flow of an asset or the free-cash flow conversion? You.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

We really do value it on a free-cash flow basis. So we look at you know, the competition in that location, drive times, whatnot, how we think that location will perform over the long-run and what kind of risk there are in the future. And then we derive what we think the fair coverage would be on a property and it’s all-cash flow generated rather than value of land and building. Okay. I don’t know if that exactly answers your question.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

But I think the location helps you get better visibility into the cash-flow, right? So as said, we’re valuing off of cash-flow. The location can — because these things are licensed and fairly sticky, the location isn’t like a CVS where you can move across the street. So we do — we do focus on the location, but as Ray said, really focused on valuing the cash-flow.

Steven Pizzella — Analyst, Deutsche Bank

Okay, great. Thank you.

Operator

Our next question is from the line of John with Wells Fargo. Please proceed with your questions.

John Kilichowski

Hi, good morning out there. Thank you very much. And I’d like to start, Peter, hope you’re — or it’s good to have you back. Hope your back is feeling better. My first question is on the Caesars Master lease 2. It had a pretty sizable move down in coverage this quarter. I was wondering if you can give us any color on what’s going on with those assets and maybe if you’re seeing any green shoots there that might show a bottoming in coverage, you know, for the rest of the year.

Carlo Santarelli — Senior Vice President of Corporate Strategy and Investor Relations

Yeah, John, this is Carlo. I think you might have conflated two things. The Caesar’s Master Lease or Bally’s Master Lease too. I think in the — if you’re asking about Bally’s, we pointed out at the time of the Twin River Lincoln acquisition that the pro-forma coverage for that lease was going to be a very robust 2.2 times after the addition of Lincoln. With respect to Caesars, yes, the master lease with Caesar’s coverage went to 1.59 in the quarter, still a very fine solid coverage in our view. We’ve long had a very strong relationship with Caesar’s management. There were certainly some items in the 4th-quarter that I think did negatively impact results, some hold in Atlantic City, also West Tower room renovations at a property there as well for them. So I think we feel pretty good that we have our hands around that situation. And as I said, at almost 1.6 times, it’s a pretty solid coverage.

John Kilichowski

Thanks, Carlo. And I was complaining, so I appreciate you breaking those out for me. And then my second one is just on the City of Chicago is talking about moving ahead with video gambling and Bally’s has mentioned an impact to the business. I’m curious on your thoughts on how that may impact Bally’s Chicago around rent or coverage. Thank you.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

So we did underwrite the VLT possibility in Chicago. So it does definitely impact rent coverage, but it was underwritten in us determining the $940 million that we were willing to provide to Bally’s for that project. I can’t give you exact numbers as to what — how it will impact, but certainly, the VLT legislation shouldn’t have an impact and if it does go through, we are hearing different things about sweepstakes, Brandon, I don’t know if you wanted to add anything on that, but

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

All the sweepstakes stuff is definitely impacts Illino. I mean, I think the point in sweepstakes is there’s a pretty robust sweepstakes market going on in Cook County today. So the question of whether or not VGTs are going to have a significant impact on bricks-and-mortar gaming is somewhat open. We know we’ll have some impact. And as said, we underwrote this as if VGTs were in Cook County and we also, for that matter, underwroter Zip Hawthorne had a full gaming facility. So our underwriting in Chicago was fairly conservative. And while we would prefer VGTs not to be in Cook County, we don’t view that as being overly adverse to our underwriting with that project. If it should come.

John Kilichowski

Okay. Very helpful.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Greg with Scotiabank. Please proceed with your questions.

Greg McGinniss

Hey, good morning. Just given some of the challenges that we’ve seen across gaming this year. Firstly, how do you see operators responding? What are your thoughts on rent coverage in 2026? And secondly, does it change the nature of the conversations that you’re having with casino owners in terms of types of deals that they’re looking for.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Greg, thanks for the question. I mean, I think we could start with — we’ve been incredibly encouraged with what we’ve seen in the first four months across the regional gaming footprint this year. I think you saw yesterday very solid earnings from Penn, very solid earnings from Boyd in their Midwest and South region, Churchill earlier in the week, also solid. So I think what we’re seeing from a regional perspective has been has been encouraging after, I think a malaise over 2025 as you know, the industry more or less digested very strong both margin and top-line comparisons. And we certainly saw that period more or less curve rent coverages a little bit. So I think our rent coverages are still in incredibly solid place. And we do believe what we’ve seen early in this year is incredibly encouraging in terms of the progress regional gaming is making. I’m sorry, I think there was a second part to your question.

Greg McGinniss

Yeah. Curious on how — if that’s had any influence on the types of conversations that you’re having with casino owners, developers, folks looking to make investments, that kind of thing?

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

I think the average yeah. Look, I think I think the one thing that’s at least been more appear — appearing to us is that the operators, developers, et-cetera, who would be paying the rent have been significantly more focused on ensuring that they have a level of cushion and a higher rent coverage starting out-of-the gate. So I think whereby the market in the past may have been a little more nonchalant with respect to their starting point on a rent coverage basis.

I think due to some of the struggles that have taken place in things like Maverick, you’ve seen that portfolios and pieces of portfolios that have been leased that had extra cushion on the rent coverage side have retained value for the owners, whereby the — whereas the assets that have significantly lower coverage have struggled to redeem the same type of credit recovery. So I think folks are focused on starting with higher rent coverage out-of-the box.

Greg McGinniss

Thank you. Thank you. That’s it from me.

Operator

Thank you you. Our next question is from the line of Brad Heffern with RBC Capital Markets. Please proceed with your questions.

Brad Heffern — Analyst, RBC Capital Markets

Yeah. Hey, good morning, everyone. There’s been a lot of investor concern about the rise of prediction markets and the impact on gaming. How do you guys view that? And is that something that you think about when you’re underwriting new projects?

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

I think prediction markets in underwriting, we lump in with iGaming, I would say, we view it similarly. I think obviously iGaming has got a more specific path and traction through the state regulation than the predictive markets, which at a federal level — on the state-level are completely unregulated and at a federal level, I will say lightly regulated at best. And I think that there are a lot of challenges to the prediction markets right now. And while I won’t tell you we’re not concerned about the prediction markets, I don’t think we’re overly concerned about the prediction markets at the moment given the challenges.

And the fact that, look, there were — there was iGaming legislation, I think in nine different states, maybe a couple more, but nine that we were sort of actively monitoring this session and it really doesn’t look like any of them are going to pass, including Illinois and New York, they’re still alive, but they don’t look promising. Colorado may being the one that’s a little more open. But the point being, I don’t think the proliferation of iGaming is going to accelerate this session, which I think is good for us overall. And I think the predictive markets, we’ll have to wait-and-see. We’re keeping a close eye on it, but I wouldn’t say we’re overly concerned at the moment.

Brad Heffern — Analyst, RBC Capital Markets

Okay. Okay, got it. Thank you for that. And then on Rockford, obviously, that loan is coming up for the initial maturity date soon. Do you expect that to be extended? And then what do you think happens ultimate expiration there? Do you think it just gets paid-off or maybe converted into ownership of the improvements?

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

So, we’ve obviously begun discussions with those, but we haven’t made a final determination as to what we’re going to do with that loan at this point.

Brad Heffern — Analyst, RBC Capital Markets

Thank you. Okay.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Smedes Rose with Citi. Please proceed with your questions.

Smedes Rose — Analyst, Citi

Hi, thanks. I wanted to ask you, there’s been a lot of obviously discussion in the media about Caesars potentially going-private and then that’s led to various discussions around changes that might happen at the corporate-level with that company. And I’m just wondering, just in terms of your leases, could you just maybe talk about how I guess, sort of durable they are in terms of, you know, do they attached going-forward or are they easy to — well, not easy, but could they sort of be gotten out of, if you will, if someone wanted to do that?

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Some of that is illegal?

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Yeah, good morning, Smedes. I think it depends on the structure of the transaction. So overall, generally speaking, our leases do have a concept in them of a discretionary or qualified transfere if you looked at the leases we have publicly available, but most of our leases all have the same concept. In which case, it’s possible that a transaction could be structured where GLPI would not have a consent right to it. That being said, there are a number of different things that have to be true for that to be the case. And I don’t think we have enough visibility into the potential structure of that transaction to ultimately determine whether or not a consent will be required from GLPI.

Clearly, if it is, we’ll do what’s in the best interest of our shareholders and evaluating that. But at the moment, we don’t have enough information. I think our conversations with Caesars on this topic have been relatively few, but we have a close relationship with that management team. And if that transaction does go through and that management team survives, I think overall, we view that as a neutral transaction to us and it could be positive if there are things that fall-out of it, but I don’t think we’re overly concerned about it. But the impact on our leases, I would say, is TBD at the moment.

Smedes Rose — Analyst, Citi

Okay. Okay. Okay. Fair enough. I just wanted to ask you bigger-picture too. Just in general, you mentioned — you started out the call talking about you’re in active dialogue across a number of different opportunities. Do you feel like owners you’re speaking with have other sources of capital that are readily available to them? Or do you think that’s become more scarce like over the last several quarters. In terms of either direct competitors to you or maybe just more traditional regional bank lending and things like that.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

No, look, I think there’s the abs and the abs nots, right? To be totally honest and candid, there are certain parties that I think would probably struggle to find inexpensive capital that would be easily accessible based on their circumstances, whether it be their leverage or their operational profile or maybe even just the fact that they’re very small or only have one or two assets. It’s harder to get larger banks to finance those types of endeavors. Some of the transactions though, to be totally candid, the larger operators, even the private ones that are larger family-owned, et-cetera, they have plenty of access to capital. It really comes down to broader decision-making and whether it’s a strategic fit to do a sale-leaseback versus to do a traditional bank loan or bond or what have you. So the dialog depends on the counterparty and some of the counterparties have — definitely have access to capital and others do not you.

Smedes Rose — Analyst, Citi

Thank you. Appreciate it.

Operator

Our next questions are from the line of Barry Jonas with Truist Securities. Please proceed with your questions.

Barry Jonas — Analyst, Truist Securities

Hey guys, good morning. Peter, great to have you back. Hope that back is better. One story

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Process, Barry, but we’re — but we’re back. I don’t recommend back surgery to anybody, by the way.

Barry Jonas — Analyst, Truist Securities

So we’ll follow that. I want to start with Bally’s. They appear to be looking to do a bit more M&A, including a large deal internationally, internationally. Yeah. So maybe more as it relates to corporate guarantee, does that influence how you think about future deals and underwriting with them?

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

I don’t think — I think our answer is unchanged in the sense that we have always underwritten deals at the property-level and if Bally has had a great transaction for a property-level asset that we thought was accretive to us and our shareholders. I don’t think we’d let Bally’s work-in international work persuade us from that. That being said, clearly, that’s another capital allocation decision that they’ve made with the various projects they have in-place. And I guess our focus is more on what of any impact does that have on the projects that we have with Bally’s and their ability to execute on those. And at the moment, we’re not concerned with Valley’s ability to fund and complete Chicago for example. But I think it’s more impactful in that way than it is on the overall risk as we look at sort of more property-level performance.

Barry Jonas — Analyst, Truist Securities

Okay. Understood. And then just for a follow-up, I appreciate the general comments on the pipeline, but any updated thoughts in terms of international or non-gaming opportunities and where that ranks in terms of the opportunity set? Thank you.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Well, I’ll take international and some stick non-gaming. So on the — on the international front, have had conversations around international properties as recently as this last quarter. But as we’ve said many quarters in the past on these calls, there’s always a — there’s a tax implication aspect of it. There’s a repatriation implication aspect of it. And there’s just the legal and customs aspect that we have to get comfortable with depending on the jurisdiction that we’re looking at the domicile business in.

So we continue to look — look there. I would love to tell you that we could get — we could get comfortable and get something done in international capacity non-Canada just because that seems to be where others have gone. And so I’d like to do some new cutting-edge things somewhere else, but I’m not willing to tell you that I think that’s coming anytime soon. So we’re going to keep working. We’ll keep — we’ll keep trying to do our diligence and try to look for opportunities that would equate to an accretive transaction for us here in the United States when we bring all the money back and pay all the taxes.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

And by the way, that answer is a perfect response to the non-gaming as well. We look at a lot of stuff. As I like to say, we kiss a lot of frogs, but we’re still looking for a princess in that category.

Barry Jonas — Analyst, Truist Securities

Great. Thanks guys. Thanks guys.

Operator

Our next questions are from the line of Todd Thomas with KeyBanc Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question.

Todd Tom — Analyst, KeyBanc Capital Markets

Yeah, hi, thanks. Good morning. Brandon, can you just talk a little bit more about the normalizing cap rates that you discussed, what’s driving that specifically? And from your comments, it sounded like it was about 50 basis-points. I mean, is that sort of the right range right to kind of quantify the — quantify the change that you’re seeing in-cap rate expansion?

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Well, let Steve — Steve, I believe, answered that the first time. I will say, I think what’s led to the normalizing of cap rates, what Steve is referencing is obviously we have a lot of data points behind the scenes of things that are coming to fruition and this happens all-the-time where things bubble up to the surface where people are interested in understanding the valuation of what they have. And I think Steve’s pointed and he can make it again, but it’s just that those cap rates we’re seeing are beginning to tighten in the range, and we think we have a pretty good feel of where the right cap-rate is for transactions. And I’d say that at least the cap-rate that we’d be willing to execute on transactions, but Steve.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

I don’t yeah. Yeah, I’m sorry, I wasn’t trying to peg a 50 basis-point number out there. I don’t think it’s as precise as that to be honest with you. Each transaction is a negotiation, you’re sitting across from a counterparty and you’re trying to figure out what makes sense for you and what makes sense for them and what’s their need and what’s your desire and it all has to kind of go into the blender. My point was, I think if you were to say what do I think the average market clearing regional gaming asset sale-leaseback on a regular way down the middle of the fairway transaction is going to go for right now. I think it’s going to have an eight in front of it, it’s not going to have a 7 in front of it. I’m not trying to be more specific than that as far as 50 basis-points or 62.5.

But I think the reality is that’s just kind of where the market is trended at the moment. It doesn’t mean that it can’t pivot on a diamond six months from now, we’re telling you the markets moved again. But we would obviously anticipate and hope that our cap-rate where we trade, our implied cap-rate would grind tighter as well as the market being grinding tighter at that point. So where we’re at today, I think from a cost-of-capital, spread it where we’re at, I, I think we’re comfortable that the market is probably yielding any 8s.

Todd Tom — Analyst, KeyBanc Capital Markets

Okay. That’s helpful clarification. Thank you. And then Desire, I had a question about the guidance adjustment. The nominal AFFO was increased about $30 million at the midpoint, I think mostly at the low-end, but it looked like it was a little more than it would seem to be due to the higher capital deployment on its own. And you talked about Chicago, but I was just curious if there was — if there were some other changes around either earlier cadence of funding that had an impact or something else altogether, can you just talk about some of the changes there around the guidance specifically?

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Okay. Sure. So really, it is mainly due to the funding changes because that’s going to increase obviously our income. That’s going to have an offsetting impact in our interest income. And on the high-end, we did see some increase in SOFR rates, obviously this quarter, so that some of the benefit gets eaten up by the SOFR rate assumptions in the high-end of our guidance that were not — that we had already had a little bit of additional interest expense put into the low-end of our guidance. So that’s why you’re not seeing an even change. I will also tell you there’s some round being involved because the stronger the round is coming into the guidance, it takes a lot less AFFO to increase that per share amount.

Todd Tom — Analyst, KeyBanc Capital Markets

Okay. Okay. That’s helpful. Did anything change there in terms of G&A and the stock-based component? Did anything change there with regard to the mix as far as the reconciliation there?

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Not at all.

Todd Tom — Analyst, KeyBanc Capital Markets

Okay. Okay. All right. Thank you.

Operator

All right. Thank you. Our next question is from the line of St. Just with Mizuho Securities. Eric, please proceed with your question. Please proceed with your question.

Haendel St. Juste

Hey guys. Thanks for taking my question., can you talk a bit more about the positioning of the balance sheet in the current macro, lots of obviously volatility. You’ve got $1.8 billion of capital deployment you’ve outlined over the next 18 months. Leverage today is at the low-end of your target range. But looks like it would be at the high-end on a pro-forma basis. So are you willing to let leverage tick-up? How are you thinking about balance sheet management over the next 18 months and perhaps the need for new equity? Thank you.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Sure. So we sit here today with $275 million cash that has not been deployed into that run-rate of five times, right? So as that becomes income earning, the leverage ratio will not increase for that portion or for the $363 million of forward equity that we have outstanding. And we also have free-cash flow into the tune of $230 million or so per year. So we have majority of that still coming for this year. And then the rest, as we said, we can do either debt or equity depending on what we expect to do. But I still expect us to be at the end of this when all of our transactions are completed, the remaining $1.8 billion is funded. We get full credit for the AFFO that those transactions derive will still be at the low-end of our 5 times to 5.5 times guidance or leverage sorry.

Haendel St. Juste

Got it. Got it. I appreciate that. And then more broadly, this — the growth for this year is mid-single digit, it thinks next year is kind of the same. Is this something you think is sustainable beyond the next 18 months? I’m curious how you’re thinking about the sustainability of the long-term cash-flow growth from the portfolio here and if the next two years are more of an aberration or something you feel you can sustain over the longer-term? Thanks.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Thanks. So look, I can clearly see-through ’27 and see the growth there just as you can. ’28 and beyond depends on which transactions that we come up with over the next year or two. And we certainly will have growth-related to escalation on our transactions. But outside of that, until we do an accretive transaction, I can’t — I can’t really predict 2028 and beyond.

Haendel St. Juste

Fair enough. Thank you. Appreciate the time.

Operator

Thank you. The next question is from the line of Rich with Barclays. Please proceed with your questions.

Rich Hightower

Hey, good morning, guys. Thanks for taking the questions here. So I want to go back to Smedes’ question on the potential Caesars deal and how it might affect GLPI. There’s obviously a parent guarantee in-place on your master lease and I appreciate the idea that it’s really four-wall coverage that’s the primary focus in any scenario. But what’s your — what’s your legal understanding of the ability of the parent guarantee to travel with the lease under a variety of potential deal structures? And how should we think about that from the outside? Thanks.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

I think you should think of it as the parent guarantee being one of the requirements that has to be in-place for us to be forced to take a new tenant. In other words, in order to meet the definition of a qualified or discretionary transferree perhaps to be — certain things have to be true with respect to the transferree, but also with the transaction, including the pro-forma leverage and the existence of a replacement parent guarantee. So again, I don’t think we know enough about the anticipated structure of that transaction in order to determine whether or not, for example, the parent guarantee is at an entity level that would be — would meet our lease requirements and be acceptable to us. We just don’t know yet, but you should assume that, that does in fact travel with the next tenant.

Rich Hightower

Okay. That’s really helpful. Thanks. I guess more broadly, and maybe it relates to the cap-rate comment as well, but are you seeing — and I’ll use the Bally’s New York project as an example here, but are you seeing other sort of previously competitive capital providers? And I’m really thinking of sort of the private credit universe that appears to be having its own issues in various ways. Are you seeing those potential competitors pull-back from the market? Does that imply anything about GLPI’s ability to step-in as a capital provider to a project like that or any other development going on. And does that affect market pricing for the capital as well? Thanks.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Sure. I’ll give it a shot. To date, we haven’t seen the private credit type of folks pulling — pulling away. Now I can’t speak to their ability to show-up at the finish line, but I can just tell you on the — at the early onset, they seem to be just as much engaged and participating as anybody else. So I don’t think there’s a huge seismic shift in the competitive landscape. There are not new folks seemingly pouring in. So it’s the same handful of people are looking at transactions. I think it’s all kind of goes back to relationships at the end-of-the day and underwriting. And so they’re kind of both critically important and they work together. You can — you can obviously have successful underwriting and maybe not the greatest relationship, but that just means you did a transaction.

And conversely, you have a great relationship and poor underwriting and then you have a friend that is not doing so great in neither you. So I think we continue to try to operate in a position where we hope to be everyone’s first-call if there’s something they’re looking to do or something they’re trying to be creative around. And then we look to try to make sure we overlay our underwriting success with that. And so-far, it’s worked out well for us. I think continue — it will continue to have us at least have a seat at every table, whether we — whether it plays out the way we wanted to or not is yet to be seen.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Well, and I think in New York, you kind of picked out the one unique animal in the bunch, which is that is a unique market that has a lot of interest to people that want to have a piece of that. So I think Bally’s is in an enviable position in New York where they’re having a lot of different capital sources to discuss and talk to, whether or not we have an opportunity there for a piece of that will be relationship-driven more than economically driven, I suspect. But I don’t think we’re doing it at a cap-rate that’s any lower than what Steve has indicated because quite frankly, that wouldn’t be accretive to us and not a smart use of our capital. So we’ll see how New York plays out. I think that’s somewhat unique.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

But there may be several layers of opportunity there to say the least, and we expect at least to be at the table as Steve and Brand that have well. Great ideas in New York. Some of it shouldn’t follow our way, we hope.

Rich Hightower

Got it. I also appreciate the hat-trick in terms of management’s responses from all three of you. Thanks.

Operator

Our next questions are from the line of Chris Darling with Green Street. Please proceed with your questions.

Chris Darling — Analyst, Green Street

Hey, thanks. Good morning. So with Acorn Ridge now open, I’m wondering if you’ve had any discussion around the conversion of the loan into a formal lease structure? And then separately, whether it’s Acorn Ridge or any other tribal investment, can you talk about your level of visibility into the underlying financial performance of those properties and sort of the regular cadence of any updates you might get?

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Well, it has a term, right? So the Acorn loan has a five-year term with, I think it’s two, six-month extensions. So we’re not in discussions about converting it to ultimately to a lease at this point. And as far as performance goes, we do get quarterly certifications and which will include coverage ratios at least as far as how it’s going to cover the rent. In this case, it’s interest. So we’re really just going to be looking at the AFFO vis-a-vis what interest payments we have as far as the stability of the operations of the project, but we will get information on a quarterly basis.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

I think that with respect to Acorn Ridge, we have dialogue with the Chairwoman there. And she’s very, very level-headed with respect to this and said like, look, let’s get six months of operations under our belt and then as a tribe, we’ll start to kind of reevaluate what we want to do as far as future capital spend or financing markets, etc. So we are cheering them on and anxiously awaiting future dialogue.

Chris Darling — Analyst, Green Street

Thank you. Okay. That’s helpful. And then maybe taking a step-back more broadly, as you think about underwriting new investments in the tribal space, are there any jurisdictions that are more or less attractive to you? Curious how you think about that. Thanks.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

That I think different jurisdictions lead to different opportunities. And by that, I mean in a jurisdiction like California, you have a very large number of tribes and the opportunity for expansion, what you’re seeing in California is despite the fact that there are a lot of tribal casinos, the tribal casinos opening appear to be growing the markets that they’re in. So there’s a lot of opportunity in California just given the sheer size. Others — and California doesn’t have with their compacts a very stringent taxing regime. So even when the tribes enter into compacts, they’re not paying a lot of tax. In other states, they’re paying more tax and have different compacts.

And so I think just sheer numbers, California, New York has some tribes, the Midwest has several tribes, Oklahoma. I’d say it’s more relationship-driven at this point and we’re looking at tribal needs and trying to figure out which transactions best suit our underwriting. I will say there are a lot of opportunities. We’re getting a lot of inbounds. We’re getting a lot of questions around what we can offer. And so we’ll have a lot — we have a lot to digest. We’ll continue to get a lot to digest, I think this year and try to figure out how much capital we want to allocate to this form of financing and where. But I don’t think it’s necessarily driven by state lines per se. It’s just more the number of tribes in different areas is obviously a lot different in California than, for example, Alabama, which has one tribe.

Chris Darling — Analyst, Green Street

All right, understood. Thank you for the time.

Operator

Thank you. The next question. The next questions are from the line of Daniel with Capital One Securities. Please proceed with your questions.

Daniel Guglielmo

Hi, everyone. Thank you for taking my question. Just one from me. Do you all have a minimum dollar size for redevelopment projects that you’d be willing to fund? It feels like operator CapEx budgets are down for ’26 versus ’25, but improving properties has been working. So we’re curious if smaller, less invasive projects at more properties are coming.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Okay. Daniel, just to clarify, do you mean it’s — this is a capital improvement project at an asset we already own?

Daniel Guglielmo

Yes. Yeah.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

I don’t think there’s any number. We would fund down to whatever the tenant needs assuming that it’s a project that they think will be accretive to them and will generate — generate pro-forma business for them that surpasses the cost of our capital. So I think we would look to be supportive of the tenant in any of these opportunities.

Daniel Guglielmo

Thank you. Hey, great. Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. The next question is from the line of Chad Ben with Macquarie. Please proceed with your question.

Chad Beynon — Analyst, RBC Capital Markets

Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. You guys have clearly differentiated yourself with more of a drive-to regional focus versus destination. And we’ve talked about it a couple of times on the call how strong the regional market has been year-to-date, some operators actually improving margins, which we haven’t seen for a few years. So does this vindication or validation in your thesis maybe dissuade you into leaning in-kind of back into Las Vegas beyond the trop side and really just kind of doubling down in your current thesis and drive-tune regionals. Thank you.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

I don’t think we ever were leaning into Las Vegas, I mean, Ed, as has been well said, we look at these projects one at a time, almost location, not critical, but we have no special focus on Las Vegas at all. Look, I’ve been an enthusiast for the regional market for 20 years and trying to make the case that it’s the better place to be, safest place to put capital by far. I think we’ve demonstrated that in some lot of events and recent events in Las Vegas highlight that where we put our capital makes a lot more sense.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

But Chad, I think it’s — I’ll go-ahead,.

Desiree A. Burke — Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Chad, I think it’s — I think as always, it’s the strength of the cash flows. It’s not good building, it’s not necessarily the geography, it’s the strength and safety of the cash flows. And I think if you look over-time, acknowledging we don’t share an upside anymore than just the escalators we receive for a well-covered lease, the regional business has provided a lot of stability. And if you look-back over the last few years, you’ve come off of very solid peaks. And as you mentioned, first-quarter has been a very nice indicator that things are strengthening here again.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

And I would add, we’ve been saying this for a long-time, but even back at Penn in our pen news in 2008, the financial crisis, our properties held up the regional much better than what happened in Las Vegas. You saw that coming out of COVID as the regional properties that much better than those in Vegas and that trend is continuing. So I agree with you, the thesis, I think everybody should see it on their own at this point in time.

Chad Beynon — Analyst, RBC Capital Markets

Great, thanks. And maybe just to hit on one market to keep it — to keep it fun here, Peter, I know 20 years or so ago, you were looking at Atlantic City. We just returned from the East Coast Gaming Congress and it sounds like a lot of the — the operators down there are pretty scared in terms of what could happen with New York. Is that a market that you think could recover with capital? And would you be interested in helping out some of those operators either on the developmental side or are pivoting their strategies? Thanks.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

They’re pretty risky. Look at What’s-ON the horizon. New York is going to have a big impact. And I’ve long said that sooner or later, New Jersey is going to have to break-down and put something up in North Jersey. If they — unless they want to lose all that business to the New York properties. That’s just my view about it. So it’s not a happy time to be in Atlantic City today. Look, there are always going to be some winners there without a doubt, but it’s — it’s not a market that’s looking for more investment.

Chad Beynon — Analyst, RBC Capital Markets

Yeah. Thank you all. Appreciate it.

Operator

Thank you. Next question is from the line of David Katz with Jefferies. Please proceed with your question.

David Katz — Analyst, Jefferies

Yes, hi, good morning. I covered a lot of details already. But look, when we look at-the-market for regional properties today, if we can be sort of upfront about it, there’s yourselves and one other who’s closest like you. And then obviously other capital sources that may be available, right?

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

You can say that you can say the name.

David Katz — Analyst, Jefferies

I can. But I can. I can. You know, I just usually don’t as a policy and same with yours. Look, you know, the nature of the question is, are you seeing a change in that competitive landscape, specifically for regional properties? We’re in a moment where our collective expectation is that there is things coming to-market. What does the competitiveness look like for you today versus where it was six to 12 months ago?

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

I’d say an interesting question. To be — to be honest, I think there’s less competitors right now. And I think there’s just been — there have been a couple of gyrations in the market. There have been a couple of people that have dipped their toes in and we either decided it wasn’t for them or got burned. Yeah. And so we’ve seen the — we’ve seen the some funds, I guess we won’t name names either, but we’ve seen some funds that have bought some properties, which later then divested of those pieces or currently going through the Maverick bankruptcy and trying to figure that piece out.

So I think that as — I think as the market evolves, there’s always going to be someone that’s going to take a look. We love this business, right? There’s a reason why we’re in this business and we think we’re undervalued. So if it only makes sense that others will probably see that light and will decide they want to get involved as well. I think the complexity has been in the regional markets is there are a lot of — there’s a lot of diversity. You have to understand who the operators are, you have to understand the assets and it’s multiple assets with different competitive landscapes and market dynamics that go into a portfolio.

And that’s — that’s where it gets complex for someone sitting in an office and you name the big city to decide that like I can just roll this thing up at a certain percent and this is going to make me a wizard. I think it becomes more difficult than that. And I think the reality is because of that, there will constantly be people that will come in and then out-of-the space. So right now, I think there’s three to four or five people that are probably look at any larger portfolio that comes to-market. And at the end-of-the day, it’s probably the same three-ish people that will put in some kind of indication..

David Katz — Analyst, Jefferies

Okay. Thank you. Nothing worse than back pain, Peter. Feel better.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks very much, David.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Robin Farley with UBS. Please proceed with your question.

Robin Farley — Analyst, UBS

Great. Thank you. Speaking of not leaning into Las Vegas, I wonder if you could just update us on potential timing or what your latest thoughts are on opportunity for you at that site? Thanks.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

I’d love to tell you our answer has changed. But as we sit here today, I think that the stadium is progressing quite nicely. And if you’ve looked at the cameras sitting on-top of MGM Grand, you’ll see that the stadium at a concourse level is up and they’re probably going to be putting on the first roofcuffs here in the next six, eight weeks. The integrated resort was always behind and not in the sense of being behind a bad way, but it just — it was going to follow the construction of the Concourse.

And so I think we’re getting to the point where will have some decisions to make about how much they want to do and how they’re going to do it. We have $125 million commitment remaining whether or not we expand that commitment is to-be-determined as we see the leasing of the site in the REV space start to fill out and we get a better picture of the revenue that will be generated on that site. We and Bally’s will be discussing what level of investment above and beyond the 125, if any, will be appropriate from GLPI. But unfortunately, I don’t think we have much different answer right now, but I do think in the next six months, that will change. I think the integrated resort will come to — will come into clarity in the next six months or so.

Robin Farley — Analyst, UBS

Okay, great. Thank you. And Peter, good to have you back. Thanks.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Robert.

Operator

Thank you. Our final question is from the line of John DeCree with CBRE. Please proceed with your questions.

John DeCree — Analyst, CBRE

Hey, everyone. I think we covered mostly everything. So apologize if this is touch redundant. I think you’d already answered investment sizing question as it relates to development. But with the Caesars buyout talk, we’ve got questions about portfolio transactions. So from your perspective, an investment sizing question, large portfolio of assets, do you think there’s a market there for real-estate today? I think much of what we’ve seen so-far as single-asset and from GLPI would — is there an investment size that would be too small or too large rather or would you kind of consider anything that might come to-market even if it’s chunky?

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

I think it might depend on whether or not it’s going into another master lease with another tenant or how it’s being done? I mean, are there assets that are too small for us to look at, there may be if they’re accretive and they’re generating good capital and we can put them into a lease with an existing tenant. I don’t think there’s anything we necessarily would not look at. If you’re talking about the Caesars portfolio specifically, it’s not clear to us which, if any assets may fall-out of that portfolio as a result of the impending or proposed transaction. We just have to take a look at it when the time comes.

John DeCree — Analyst, CBRE

Brent, maybe more broadly, if there was a multi-billion dollar transaction unrelated to Caesars, if there was a seller of a package of assets, is that something that would be in your wheelhouse or is there a dollar amount where you say that we don’t want to deploy that much capital or the market might not be there for that?

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. I think as long as it’s accretive, we do it. I mean, look, we did the Pinnacle transaction a few years out-of-the gate, which was roughly $4 billion. I don’t think that there’s any number that’s necessarily too high of all of the portfolio assets we see right now. We just have to underwrite it. And if it’s accretive based on our cost-of-capital at the time, I think we would look at it and do it. So no, I don’t think there’s anything too big or too small at the moment that we wouldn’t look on.

Steve Ladany — Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc.

Yeah, I’ve always felt that there’s never a shortage of opportunity for funding for a good deal. And so I think Ben answered it pretty well. As the small, we jokingly say, we’ll hit some singles and even every now and then take a bun if the if the spread is worth it. So nothing we won’t look at.

John DeCree — Analyst, CBRE

Thanks all. Thanks you.

Operator

Thank you. At this time, I’ll turn the floor back to Peter Carlino for closing comments.

Peter M. Carlino — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you. Okay. Well, with that, I think the morning has been productive from our point-of-view, and we thank you for tuning in today. See you next quarter. Thanks very much.

Operator

This will conclude today’s conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation have a wonderful day.