Qudian Inc. (NYSE: QD) Q2 2020 earnings call dated Sep. 07, 2020
Corporate Participants:
Min Luo — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Analysts:
Vincent Yu — Needham & Company — Analyst
Jacky Zuo — China Renaissance Securities Limited — Analyst
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
Presentation:
Operator
Hello, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for standing by for Qudian Inc. Second Quarter 2020 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After management’s prepared remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. Today’s conference call is being recorded.
I’d now like to turn the call over to Qudian’s Investor Relation representative. Please go ahead.
Hello, everyone, and welcome to Qudian’s second quarter 2020 earnings conference call. The company’s results were issued via Newswire services earlier today and were posted online. You can download the earnings press release and sign up for the company’s distribution list by visiting our website at ir.qudian.com. Mr. Min Luo, our Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer; and Ms. Sissi Zhu, our VP of Investor Relations will start the call with their prepared remarks.
Before we continue, please note that today’s discussion will contain forward-looking statements made under the Safe Harbor provision of the US Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, as such, the company’s results may be materially different from the views expressed today. Further information regarding these and other risks and uncertainties is included in the company’s 20-F as filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. The company does not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements except as under applicable law.
Please also note that Qudian’s earnings press release and this conference call include discussions of unaudited GAAP financial information as well as unaudited non-GAAP financial measures. Qudian’s press release contains a reconciliation of the unaudited non-GAAP measures to the unaudited most directly comparable GAAP measures.
We also posted a slide presentation on our IR website, providing details on our results in the quarter. We will reference those results in our prepared remarks, but will not refer to specific slides during our discussion.
I will now turn the call over to our CEO, Min Luo. Please go ahead.
Min Luo — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
First, I would like to thank all the investors, analysts and media who have taken an interest in joining today’s call.
In a challenging second quarter of 2020, we continued to prudently operate our cash credit business. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has been gradually controlled in China, the damages from both the credit down cycle and the pandemic still lingers on vintages generated in the second half of 2019 and early 2020. As such, the D1 delinquency rate in the second quarter was sustained at a high level. As a result, in order to reduce risk, we remained stringent on risk management with rigorous credit standards and assessment. This approach kept the transaction volume of our loan book business relatively flat compared with the preceding quarter.
Let me also address the implications of the Supreme Court’s decision to lower the court-protected one-year loan interest rate cap on private lending to 4 times that of the Loan Prime Rate. According to Decisions, the interest rate cap is not applicable to the lending business of financial institutions. Rather, this new policy is generally interpreted as only being applicable to private lending, while our business almost entirely involves financial institutions. However, it’s important to note that the Decisions are newly introduced, and the policy is subject to further clarifications by courts and regulatory authorities. If the same interest rate cap were applied to our business as required by relevant courts or regulatory authorities, our profitability would suffer a material adverse impact and we could incur net losses.
Now, I would like to turn the call over to Sissi for more details on our results.
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Thank you, Min, and good morning, and good evening, everyone. We have been navigating through the difficult market dynamics with a cautious and conservative approach towards our cash loan business. In the aftermath of both the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing regulatory developments, the adverse market environment persisted throughout the second quarter. Although the D1 delinquency rate for our loan book business slightly decreased sequentially from around 20% in the first quarter, it was still at a high level of approximately 19% in the second quarter. In light of this situation, we maintained our deleveraging strategy for our loan book business to reduce risk exposure during the second quarter.
Through the continued implementation of stringent credit standards, we maintained a low credit approval rate, with transaction volume relatively stable compared with the first quarter and a leverage ratio of lower than 1 time. We believe this conservative approach is the right course of action to best protect our net assets amidst the headwinds in the credit market. Similarly, our institutional funding partners also deployed stricter credit standards for loan approvals given the heightened D1 delinquency rate on the open platform. Consequently, the amount of transactions on the open platform shrunk by around 70% compared with the first quarter of 2020.
Aside from our credit business, our new initiative, the Wanlimu platform, is still operating at a small scale and early stage. Instead of lavish spending to boost the GMV of Wanlimu, we are trying to focus more on the healthy and prudent growth of the business. In addition, we completed our strategic investment in Secoo in the second quarter and we look forward to generating synergies in the luxury consumer business.
In conclusion, considering the current environment of a credit downtrend with high delinquency rates, we remain cautious and prudent with our cash credit business in an effort to protect our net assets. At the same time, we will be prudent and disciplined in the further development and management of our new business initiative, with the same approach to other business lines in the future. It’s important for us to stay vigilant when it comes to the operating and preparing for different market dynamics, maintaining sensibility in our strategy and operations, all while cultivating opportunities to supplement our future development.
Now, let me share with you some key financial results. In the interest of time, I will not go over it line by line. For a more detailed discussion of our second quarter 2020 results, please refer to our earnings press release. Our total revenues were RMB1.2 billion, representing a decrease of 47% from RMB2.2 billion for the second quarter last year. Our financing income totaled RMB581 million, representing a decrease of 41% from RMB984 million for the second quarter of 2019, as a result of a decrease in average on-balance sheet loan balance.
Loan facilitation income and other related income decreased by 58% to RMB255 million from RMB610 million for the second quarter of 2019, as a result of the reduction of transaction volume of off-balance sheet loans this quarter, partially offset by reclassification of guarantee income in accordance with ASC326. Transaction services fee and other related income decreased to RMB4 million from RMB398 million for the second quarter last year, mainly as a result of a substantial decrease in the transaction amount of open platform business.
Sales income substantially increased to RMB293 million from RMB123.5 million for the second quarter of 2019, mainly due to the launch of the Wanlimu e-commerce platform. Cost of revenues increased by 28% to RMB366 million from RMB286 million for the second quarter of 2019, primarily due to the increase in cost of goods sold related to the Wanlimu e-commerce platform.
Our sales and marketing expenses increased by 102% to RMB157 million from RMB78 million for the second quarter of 2019, primarily due to the marketing expenses related to the Wanlimu e-commerce platform. Provision for receivables and other assets increased by 5% to RMB519 million from RMB495 million for the second quarter of 2019. The increase was primarily due to an increase in past-due on-balance sheet outstanding principal receivables compared to the second quarter of 2019.
Our net income attributable to Qudian’s shareholders was RMB179.2 million or RMB0.68 per diluted ADS. Our non-GAAP net income attributable to Qudian’s shareholders was RMB29.9 million or RMB0.12 per diluted ADS.
So here’s our prepared remarks. Operator, please open the floor for questions.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, we will now begin the question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions]. Our first question comes from the line of Vincent Yu from Needham & Company. Please go ahead.
Vincent Yu — Needham & Company — Analyst
Hi management, thank you for taking my question. My first question is about the sales and marketing expenses for the second half 2020 and the fiscal year 2021. So in terms of our capital investment plan for the e-commerce project, Wanlimu, how should we think about the sales and marketing investments in the — like the second half 2020 and the next year?
And my second question is about the co-operation or partnership with like the financial institutions. With the tightening of institutional partners’ credit supply, is it temporary or is a new normal in your eyes? [Foreign Speech]
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Thank you, Vincent. This is Sissi. Let me address your questions one by one. So with regards to the sales and marketing expenses, the second quarter — for the second quarter, our sales and marketing expenses increased a lot compared to the previous quarter, mainly due to the launch of Wanlimu platform. But as I mentioned, we are not targeted to invest a lot of marketing dollars in Wanlimu platform. Instead, we focus more on the healthy and long-term development of this new business initiative.
So your second question regarding the collaboration with financial institutions, as you may noticed that our open platform transaction volume decreased by over 70% in the second quarter and our number of financial institutions collaborate with us on the open platform decreased to less than 10. We believe if our delinquency rate on the open platform business continues to be in the tightened status, both the number of collaborations and the amount of loan facilitation volumes will be like stable or even decrease in the future. We currently don’t have marketing plans to increase the number of operators on the platform, unless we see a turnaround on the delinquency. And plus, as you know, in August, there was a newly introduced rule regarding the 4 times LPR. So the financial institutions are still waiting to see further clarifications on the interest rate cap. So right now, we believe maintaining the status quo could be best practice that we can do. Thank you, Vincent.
Vincent Yu — Needham & Company — Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from the line of Jacky Zuo from China Renaissance. Please go ahead.
Jacky Zuo — China Renaissance Securities Limited — Analyst
Hi, management. Thanks for taking my questions. I have several questions here. Number one is about the recent regulation change, as you mentioned, basically the 4 times LPR impact. So have we done any changes to our loan pricing after the decision from Supreme Court or if not, do we have any plan to change our current loan pricing?
And probably, follow-on that is, what is our loan volume outlook for the second half this year?
And maybe another small question is, what is the reaction from our existing borrowers after the decision from Supreme Court? Have we received many inquiries on lowering the interest rates on their loans from borrowers?
And second question is about our loan product. I observed that we basically shortened the loan tenure and also lowered the average loan balance for existing borrowers. Do we see that trend to continue? Yeah.
And lastly is about the asset quality. As you show in the day one delinquency rate chart, we haven’t seen much improvement on that. But I observed in the P&L, we actually booked a nearly RMB200 million gains on the change in risk assurance liabilities. So does that show actually we actually see some improvements or — in asset quality or actually the performance in second quarter was better than we expected previously? And so just want to get some color on the asset quality trend going forward. Thank you.
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Thank you, Jacky. This is Sissi again. Let me address your questions one by one. Regarding our strategies into corporate regulatory development on the court’s 4 times LPR, we actually will stay very vigilant on the situation and stay very prudent to protect our net assets. We are still waiting to see further clarifications and interpretations from the financial sector regulators because our loan facilitation are through the financial institutions. If we need to make a change, they will be the first one to know how to make the change. So currently, our strategy is just to maintain our status quo, keep our prudent strategy and keep saving pricing. It is extremely hard to predict the future volumes because apart from the capping on the top line — the possible capping on the top line, the delinquency also will react to how other players play-out the game. For example, if all the players in the market drop their loan volume all at once, the delinquency, the credit availability in the market will be dropping and people who used to look on the rolling credit balances will have to default. Therefore, the magnitude of the potential default caused by the new rule is unpredictable to us. So that’s why I said we should stay vigilant for further changes.
And then for your second question, do we receive any inquiries from borrowers? Yes, we received some inquiries, but the amount is not that much. And regarding the D1 delinquency rate, it didn’t drop a lot from the first quarter because our vintages for the fourth quarter of 2019 and the vintages for the first quarter of 2020 are still very young. So as our loan volume decreased a lot in the first half of this year, the remaining portfolio that reflects the D1 delinquency rate are actually the default — the remaining portfolio consisted more and more default borrowers. So that’s why our delinquency rate — D1 delinquency rate won’t see a quick turnaround in the short time. But yes, as you may also notice that our off-balance sheet gain and loss on the current liabilities witnessed a gain this quarter. That reflects the portion — that reflects the fact that the loan balance for our off-balance sheet loans decreased a lot in this quarter and the delinquency results is not as bad as we predicted. So our accounting policy is to reassess the situation at the end of each quarter. So we believe this is the right way to do it.
Did I miss any of your questions, Jacky?
Jacky Zuo — China Renaissance Securities Limited — Analyst
Yeah. Just following on your loan product. So we actually see that in the second quarter, you actually shortened the loan tenure and also reduced the average loan balance for borrowers. So will that trend continue in the second half of this year?
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Right. So for the loan tenure, actually, it’s our policy not to give guidance. But our current strategy on loan tenure and the loan balance is still consistent with the previous quarter.
Jacky Zuo — China Renaissance Securities Limited — Analyst
Got it. Thanks so much.
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from the line of Sanjay Jain from Aletheia Capital. Please go ahead.
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
Hi management. Thank you for the presentation. Two questions, actually; one on the lending business and other on the luxury e-commerce business. So on the lending side, I know this is the third time among the three analysts who have asked the question, I’m asking the same thing. Give us some idea about what you are seeing in terms of trends for the second half of this year in growth and perhaps something on delinquency and also on the pricing side. I’m assuming that pricing continues as it is, but if you can talk about that. So anyone who is doing projections for you, how would you want them to proceed on the prospects for your lending business second half this year and next year ideally?
And secondly, on the luxury e-commerce, is it fair to say — I mean, I can see that the selling revenue and the cost of sales is the same. So you’re not making any money from the sale directly. But the sales and marketing expense — the incremental sales and marketing expense, does it all largely pertain to the luxury e-commerce business? So on a sale of some RMB293 million, you have sales and marketing expense, which is the loss effectively on that business of RMB75 million, RMB80 million. Is that the correct way of looking at it? And second component on the luxury e-commerce business is, what are the synergies you are seeing right now? Is there any commonality among the 80 million registered users vis-a-vis the buyers on your e-commerce site? Thank you.
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Thank you, Sanjay. So the delinquency rate for the future is really hard to predict. Although we see a recovering trend for the delinquencies, but we’re not sure about the possible impact from the new rule. Like I just mentioned, if all players drop their volumes all at once because of the new capping, the delinquency rate might increase a big amount because the liquidity market drop a lot. So it’s very hard to predict. But currently, as we also put on the D1 delinquency chart, it’s decreasing sequentially from the previous quarter, and it also decreased in August and September as well, but it’s hard to predict what future. The e-commerce business, you’re correct —
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
Sorry to interrupt. But delinquency, we are now in September, and the COVID peak was in February or March in China. The economy has restarted, all economic indicators and your own delinquency chart is suggesting that probably the peak of the credit problems are behind us. So as a lender, wouldn’t you take some forward-looking view and give us some idea about what kind of growth, even if not open platform, what about the on-balance sheet lending? Why wouldn’t you start growing? What more indications are you waiting for?
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Right. The reason why we want to keep the status quo is because we are not sure about what the further clarification and interpretation from financial sector regulators will be about the 4 times LPR rule. If that’s the case, I believe almost all the players in the market have to drop down volume. We don’t want to run the risk of a quick deleveraging at that time. So that’s why we believe keeping the current volume is the right strategy, is the right course of action for us right now.
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
Okay. Fair enough. Have you had any discussion with the regulator on this?
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
No, we haven’t because we are not regulated by the financial sector regulators. But our funding partners are — who facilitated this rule are regulated by the financial regulators. If they haven’t had any concrete clarifications, then I believe it’s still ongoing.
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
And what about your on-balance sheet lending? Would it apply to that as well?
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Right. Our on-balance sheet lending are also dispersed to financial institutions. So it is literally the same. So we believe it’s the right course of action to deleveraging. Our leverage ratio is less than 1 time right now. So we should be relatively safer.
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
Okay. And the luxury e-commerce?
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Right. So for the sales and marketing expenses, that increased a lot from the previous quarter to the second quarter is primarily our — is primarily considered the Wanlimu platform, but we do not intend to spend the same amount of marketing dollars on this platform. And so, we see a very healthy growth trend. Instead of like many technology companies in China are spending lavishly on marketing dollars to boost the GMV, but we are already a listed company. We don’t have to prove the quick GMV growth rate to attract funding. So we’d better focus more on the healthy development of a new business initiative. It’s still a early and small-scale business. So that’s why we didn’t intend to make segment reporting for this business and for the number of users and etc — sorry, we do not intend to report them separately right now. But based on this business or other new business initiative gets to a larger scale, we will do separate segment reporting.
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
When do you expect that scale to be big enough? And what would be that scale in your view?
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
We don’t have such predictions right now.
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
Okay. And any commonality, any synergy between the user base, which you have versus the e-commerce buyers?
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
There isn’t much synergies to be honest, because our previous users for the credit business are blue-collar workers, mainly the blue-collar workers or people who work in the service industry. However, our Wanlimu platform are mainly for the luxury upscale products for the wealthy group population in China.
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
Okay. And finally, on the convertibles. I think you have bought some more, right? What is the balance outstanding?
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Right. For our CB, we cumulatively bought $199 million worth of face value. So yeah.
Sanjay Jain — Aletheia Capital — Analyst
Okay, great. Thank you very much.
Sissi Zhu — Vice President of Investor Relations
Thank you, Sanjay.
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions]. Thank you. There are no further questions. At this time, I’d like to turn the call back to the company for closing remarks. Please go ahead.
Unidentified Speaker —
Sure. Thank you. Thank you, all, once again for joining us today. If you have further questions, please feel free to contact Qudian’s Investor Relations Department through our contact information provided on our website. Thank you.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]