Tyson Foods Inc (NYSE: TSN) Q1 2023 earnings call dated Feb. 06, 2023
Corporate Participants:
Sean Cornett — Vice President, Investor Relations
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Brady Stewart — Group President, Fresh Meats
Amy Tu — President, International and Chief Administrative Officer
Wes Morris — Group President of Poultry
Analysts:
Alexia Howard — Bernstein — Analyst
Ken Goldman — J.P. Morgan — Analyst
Ben Bienvenu — Stephens. — Analyst
Adam Samuelson — Goldman Sachs. — Analyst
Robert Moskow — Credit Suisse — Analyst
Benjamin M. Theurer — Barclays — Analyst
Michael Lavery — Piper Sandler — Analyst
Eric Larson — Seaport Global — Analyst
Presentation:
Operator
Good morning, and welcome to the Tyson Foods First Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. [Operator Instructions] Please note, today’s event is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the conference over to Sean Cornett, Vice President of Investor Relations. Please, go ahead, sir.
Sean Cornett — Vice President, Investor Relations
Good morning, and welcome to Tyson Foods’ Fiscal First Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. Prepared remarks today will be provided by Donnie King, President and Chief Executive Officer; and John R. Tyson, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Additionally, Brady Stewart, Group President, Fresh Meats; Stewart Glendinning, Group President – Prepared Foods; Wes Morris, Group President – Poultry; and Amy Tu, President – International and Chief Administrative Officer will join the live Q&A session. We have prepared presentation slides to supplement our comments, which are available on the Investor Relations section of the Tyson website and through the link on our webcast.
During today’s call, we will make forward-looking statements regarding our expectations for the future. These forward-looking statements made during this call are provided pursuant to the Safe Harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include comments reflecting our expectations, assumptions, or beliefs about future events or performance that do not relate solely to historical periods. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, which may cause actual results to differ materially from our current projections. Please refer to our forward-looking statement disclaimers on Slide 2 as well as our SEC filings for additional information concerning risk factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our projections. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements. Please note the references to earnings per share, operating income, and operating margin in our remarks are on an adjusted basis unless otherwise noted. For reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to their corresponding GAAP measures, please refer to our earnings press release.
Now, I will turn the call over to Donnie.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Sean, and thank you to everyone on the call for joining. Earlier today, we announced our first quarter 2023 results. We delivered solid top-line results with year-over-year revenue and volume growth and continued strength in our share position, providing momentum for the remainder of the fiscal year. Compared to record performance in the prior year first quarter earnings, client-driven by weaker results in chicken, pork, and beef, which more than offset strong performance in prepared foods. It’s important for you to know that we are uniquely positioned to win in an attractive global protein market. We have market-leading brands across diverse portfolio that resonate with consumers as proven by our year-over-year sales and volume growth. We serve an estimated one-fifth of U.S. protein consumption and we’re well-positioned to meet consumer demand, which remained steady despite a challenging macroeconomic environment with ongoing elevated levels of inflation. As we navigate a complex and dynamic operating environment, I’m grateful for our team members whose hard work and dedication make our business operations possible.
Five key pillars of our strategy are: transforming our team member experience, growing with our customers to service demand, investing in digital and automation to drive operational excellence, restoring competitiveness in our chicken segment, and leveraging our financial strength to invest in the business and return cash to shareholders. In service of these long-term strategic imperatives, I’d like to emphasize that we continue to deliver on our commitments have growing volume by filling up our footprint, solving labor problems, investing in automation, and building inventory to meet customer demand with improved fill rates, all while maintaining a focus on liquidity and financial health. We’re confident these investments will pay dividends over the long run and we remain committed to methodically executing our growth strategy driving long-term value creation for our shareholders.
Now, let me take a moment to discuss our results and shed some light on some of the challenges and outlook. We went into Q1 with a good plan, but our overall results were impacted by a confluence of factors, including consumer and customer demand dynamics and the curve of the beef cycle among other things. Allow me to touch on each segment. As we have previously mentioned to you, we have been expecting beef to come under pressure for some time. With higher cattle prices, we expected overall harvest to slow down, but that hasn’t happened yet. As such, we continue to draw on the herd, which continues to decline. This is putting pressure on spread margin in the business. We tightened our outlook range for the year. For pork, when you count for mark-to-market derivatives in the number, we flip back to breakeven as expected, but given continued supply and demand dynamics, we lowered our outlook for the year by 200 basis points.
For chicken, when compared to expectations from last quarter, a few different things didn’t go as planned. Most notably, demand didn’t appear in the parts of the market where we had expected. As a result, we had to move things around and we experienced higher cost, a lower price environment, and knock-on effects from a network standpoint. And last, it’s worth emphasizing our prepared foods segment, which delivered a great result for the quarter. We said we were going to grow dollar share and volume share with the strongest portfolio of brands in the categories where we compete. And we’ve done just that. We’re feeling good about the outlook for the balance of the year. And our international business continues to build momentum in terms of volume and sales growth. With the end of COVID lockdowns, particularly in China, we expect good year-over-year comps. We will dive deeper into this during the discussion of segment results and the Q&A portion of the call.
Now, let’s turn to our growth numbers. Sales improved 2.5% year-over-year. And as we delivered record first-quarter revenue for total company and individually in chicken, prepared foods, and international/other, we’re focused on driving growth in these segments, which will enhance our margin profile over time. We continue to see benefits of our efforts to optimize our existing footprint, add new capacity, adjust our product mix by plant, and match our portfolio more closely with customer and consumer needs. Prepared foods revenues increased 8.8% for the quarter, driven by both volume growth and pricing actions implemented in the prior year. Positive momentum continues to build in prepared foods as it delivered sequential quarterly improvement in revenue since the fiscal fourth quarter of 2021, driven primarily by the strength of our retail brands.
Beef revenue was down 5.6% compared to prior year, lower average sales price driven by the decreased value of beef cutout more than offset the increased volume from higher headcount throughput. Compared to prior year, pork revenue was down 6% for the quarter. This was driven by a decreased volume due to balancing supply with customer demand, partly offset by an increase in average sales price. Chicken revenue increased 9.6% compared to prior year, driven by volume growth from increased domestic production and pricing initiatives in an elevated inflationary cost environment. In international, revenue growth remained strong, up 11.3% compared to prior year quarter. This was driven by our investment in capacity, innovation, and brands to support market share growth. In the next few slides, we’ll detail our success winning in the retail marketplace with our advantaged brands in advantaged categories.
The retail categories in which we participate are highly consumer-relevant with the vast majority remaining elevated relative to pre-pandemic and demonstrating growth over the prior year. With our iconic retail brands, Tyson, Jimmy Dean, Hillshire Farm, and Ball Park, Tyson core business lines outpaced total food and beverage and our peers and volume growth, up 9% relative to a year ago, per Nielsen.
Tyson core business lines also grew pound share by two points this quarter relative to year ago, per Nielsen. Continuing to be market share leader in most of the retail core categories in which we compete, we delivered both dollar and pound share growth in both the aggregate and across dayparts compared to a year ago, most notably in the morning meal occasion. Our brands continued to perform well as we see elasticities below historical levels. Additionally, Tyson, Jimmy Dean, Hillshire Farm, and Ball Park, all hold favorite brand status with consumers in the categories in which we compete, highlighting our brand strength relative to our peers.
Consumers spend on relevant categories and brands they know and trust. The trajectory of our Tyson core business lines’ volume share growth shows the recovery we have seen since April and the momentum we now have. We have improved fill rates and on-shelf availability. Price gaps relative to competitors have narrowed while we continue to invest in merchandising and advertising to support our brands. These factors, along, with other strong business fundamentals, resulted in sequential quarterly share growth and Tyson core business lines commanding a five-year record-high market share of nearly 28%. It is evident we are delivering the brands and products that consumers desire.
While the food service industry is yet to recover to pre-pandemic traffic levels, the Tyson Focus 6 group is outperforming pre-pandemic volume sales of 2.7 and 1.7 share points in the latest 52 weeks according to NPD SupplyTrack data. The Tyson Focus 6 group is also outpacing both total broadline and its respective categories, up 11.7% in volume sales and 0.6 share points in the latest 52 weeks compared to last year, per NPD. We believe strongly in our food service portfolio and are confident in the path to continue to grow this business as we align with key growing customers to build momentum for the future.
Our team members are essential to providing the products our customers and consumers demand. We’re seeing business results for making significant investments to become the most sought-after place to work by investing in our team members’ experience. Recent highlights include expanding access to benefits with day-one eligibility, enhanced parental leave policies, expanding mental health benefits, and citizenship support at no cost to our U.S. team members. In November, as recognition for our Tyson Immigration Program’s commitment to improving the lives of immigrant team members, we received the prestigious Keeper of the American Dream Award from the National Immigration Forum. We also just completed what we’ve been calling Project Next Frontier. We’re setting the foundation for an HR shared service model, focused on process and system efficacy and better overall HR service delivery for our team members, setting us up for savings in the future.
I’m pleased to report we’re also progressing as expected with our North American headquarters consolidation focused on building our One Tyson culture. In addition to realizing savings, we’re collaborating, innovating, and working with greater speed and agility to serve our customers. I would also like to thank our team members for their dedication that led to Tyson Foods’ number one ranking on Fortune Magazine’s list of the World’s Most Admired Companies in Food Production category for the seventh consecutive year.
Following the strong outperformance of expectation in fiscal 2022, the productivity program is on track to meet expectations this fiscal year and to deliver the $1 billion of recurring savings commitment, a year earlier than originally promised. We expect this program to translate from a one-time initiative to sustained year-on-year productivity improvements, supporting our bottom line on a continued basis. Examples of initiatives in our productivity program include: leveraging data analytics to improve inventory visibility, mitigating distressed paths, a direct plant shipment program which continues to bring on new customers and categories, removing miles from the roads and driving efficiency in our distribution network. This is an example of how our scale drives competitive advantage. Investing heavily in automation. We recently rolled out our automated sandwich hand-wrap and burrito assembly capabilities, as well as an automated line to serve snacking production. We have also continued to scale our chicken debone automation across multiple facilities. And we’re piloting a robotic tray pack machine that is showing promising results, expanding our smart factory program to digitize our plants to new sites as well as exploring opportunities to digitize our processes.
Our progress displays how Tyson remains focused on optimizing our business processes, digitalizing the supply chain, increasing automation, and aggressively managing SG&A across our operations.
Before I turn the call over to John to walk us through more detail on our financial results for the quarter, some final comments. Our segments individually and in aggregate have clear and compelling roles within Tyson’s portfolio strategy to deliver sustainable, high-quality growth, a good value. We have a powerful and diverse portfolio across proteins and channels around the world. We have products for consumers across proteins and price points, delivering performance that supports the company’s long-term earnings objectives and desirable returns for shareholders. We are modernizing our operations with our productivity program and are building a team positioned to take advantage of the opportunities in front of us. Again, we entered Q1 with a good plan to execute our strategy. That led to solid top-line growth and strong performance in prepared foods. Market dynamics and some operational inefficiencies impacted our profitability. We see opportunities to become more agile and efficient, which will further improve our operational execution. We remain committed to executing our growth strategy and are confident we will grow volume, revenue, and operating income in the back half of fiscal year 2023 and have a long runway of growth ahead of us.
With that, I will turn the call over to John.
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Donnie. First, let’s review a summary of our total company financial performance. Then we can dive deeper into the details for the individual segments. As Donnie stated, sales were up year-over-year for the first quarter, benefiting from both volume growth and disciplined revenue management to offset elevated inflationary increases in our cost of goods. Looking at our sales results by channel, retail drove $324 million of top-line improvement led by chicken and prepared Foods. Our industrial and other channel sales increased by $108 million led by beef and chicken. And this was offset by slight decreases in sales to the food service and international channels. As expected, given the record strength in beef a year ago, we delivered lower adjusted operating income in the prior year of $453 million. This translated to an adjusted earnings per share of $0.85.
Now, turning to the adjusted operating income bridge. We significantly grew prepared foods’ earnings in the quarter, but underperformance in chicken, pork, and beef led to $979 million lower operating income compared to the prior year. While pricing actions led to an improvement of $222 million, higher input costs per pound increased cost of goods sold by $1.3 billion. About two-thirds of this increase was driven by inflationary impacts on raw material and supply chain costs. The remainder was primarily due to a shift to producing more value added mix, higher labor costs, and unfavorable derivative impacts. Excluding the impact of restructuring, SG&A expenses as a percentage of sales was down to 3.7% from 4.3% in the prior fiscal year as we continue to eliminate non-value added spend across our business while investing to support the future growth of our brands. Our productivity program continues to play a critical role in the long-term improvement of our margin profile.
Now, to the individual segment results. Starting with the beef segment. Sales in the quarter remained strong at more than $4.7 billion, but were down 5.6% compared to record high sales in the prior year. Volume gains of 2.9% were supported by improved staffing for higher throughput while the average sales price was down 8.5% due to softer domestic demand for beef. Live cattle costs increased approximately $530 million in the quarter as cattle supplies continue to tighten. Net-net, segment operating income for beef, was $129 million for an operating margin of 2.7%, off the previous year’s historical record first-quarter margin of 19%. We saw higher cattle prices as beef herd numbers continue to decline. We will continue to monitor the beef cutout value and balance our supply with customer demand during a period of margin compression while pushing volume growth in case-ready and premium branded products. Although the near-term operating environment remains challenging, we have reasons to believe in our long-term outlook for beef. This outlook is supported by our investment in strategic supplier relationships that provide higher quality beef, a growing global demand, specifically, in Asia, and the strengthening drop credit as well as opportunities to shift our beef products up the value pyramid.
Now let’s look at the pork segment. Sales were approximately $1.5 billion for the quarter, down 60% for the record high in the prior year. Average sales price gains of 1.4%, mostly driven by higher-value specialty products, were offset by volume decreases of 7.4%. International demand for U.S. pork products continues to be impacted by the strong U.S. dollar, while domestic demand is being affected by high retail prices despite the cutout realigning to historical norms. However, we’re optimistic that when these factors normalize, demand will improve. We expect to see continued industry supply challenges in the fiscal year as the producer navigates herd health issues and higher input cost.
On expenses, we incurred greater costs as lean hog costs increased approximately $55 million over the prior year. We also experienced an unfavorable year-over-year derivative impact of $35 million. Segment operating income was lower than expected, a loss of $19 million for the quarter, down from a profit of $160 million in the prior year. As we move forward, pork margins should be supported over time with the normalization in the strength of the U.S. dollar, aiding future export demand, a strengthening dropped credit, and additional opportunity to shift pork products up the value pyramid, especially, into our case-ready business.
Now, let’s move on to the chicken segment’s results. Sales were a record first-quarter high at $4.3 billion, up 9.6% from the prior year. The sales increase was attributable to a 2.5% uptick in volume and 7.1% gain in pricing compared to the prior-year quarter. Volume gains are due to a combination of strategic choices to maximize our capacity utilization and pursue an optimal mix strategy with products and customers. Our pricing results, while improved, were lower than expected. We peg this to a combination of factors that influence chicken prices, mostly related to total protein availability, notably chicken and beef. We anticipate these factors easing in the back half of 2023 as beef availability lessens and total poultry harvest normalizes, providing support for improvement in our chicken prices. The fall in commodity chicken prices, driven by heightened protein supply in the market and seasonal demand weakness, does not change our strategy. Based on current USDA industry poultry placement data, we’re optimistic on a forward-looking supply conditions in the intermediate term. We intend to grow our domestic production to 42 million head per week during this fiscal year, which should enable us to improve our fixed-cost leverage, grow volume, and gain market share. We’ll continue optimizing our plant network and portfolio mix to maximize the profitability of our chicken segment, particularly by growing our portfolio of value added products which remain in high demand.
Operating income in the quarter was negatively impacted by $225 million of higher feed ingredient costs and an unfavorable year-over-year derivative impact of approximately $40 million. Net-net, our chicken segment delivered operating income of $77 million in the first quarter. We see significant room for improvement in the long-term operating margin of our chicken segment as there is still work to do to attain industry-leading performance. And we are optimistic it can be achieved due to the following: our diversified value added portfolio with lower-margin volatility, our brand strength with the highest consumer awareness and brand loyalty according to Nielsen data, our growth strategy taking advantage of existing capacity, optimization of our portfolio by shifting from commodity to value-added products, and last, a further implementation of our productivity program as we ramp up more automation.
Last, I want to turn to our prepared foods business. In this segment, we had a solid quarter with growth in both revenue and volume. This was driven by strong brands, increased support for our customers, and pricing aimed at recovering the continued inflation. Revenue was approximately $2.5 billion for a record first quarter, up 8.8% compared to the prior year. Volume gains of 1.2% were driven by strength in retail, notably, Jimmy Dean, and improved customer fulfillment, despite decreased volumes in food service. This quarter was our third sequential quarter of volume growth and we saw significant pricing power of our portfolio with a year-over-year increase of 7.6%. Driven by top-line growth and productivity savings, we delivered segment operating income of $266 million for the quarter. The operating margin of 10.5% was up from 8% in the prior year. We’re very pleased with the performance of this quarter in prepared foods as this segment is critical to drive profitable growth for Tyson by valuing of beef, pork, and chicken commodity meat products.
We continue to be optimistic for the outlook of this segment due to the following. Our diversified portfolio meets consumers across meal eating occasions and snacking occasions in all sales channels. We’re outperforming our competition in retail with a room to grow further market household penetration. Our comprehensive food service portfolio has opportunity to grow by regaining lost customers and broadening our customer base. We’ve got additional operational efficiencies to unlock by increasing plant utilization in addition to the implementation of our various productivity initiatives. And finally, we have an opportunity to innovate, expand, and acquire into new spaces through new offerings, the growth of our existing products, and attractive disciplined approach to M&A.
Now, turning to talk about our financial position. Building financial strength, investing in our business, and returning cash to shareholders remain the priorities of our capital allocation strategy. We produced operating cash flows of $762 million for the quarter and our leverage ratio finished the quarter at 1.6 times net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA, demonstrating our commitment to a sound balance sheet. Focused primarily on new capacity and automation objectives, we invested nearly $600 million into our business in the first quarter to capitalize on projected demand growth over the next decade. Investment in the business, both organically and inorganically, is expected to generate returns at or above our 12% return on invested capital target over time. Our capital allocation priorities are, first, to invest in growth and productivity in our existing footprint. Then we will employ a disciplined M&A approach by investing in opportunities that fit well with our existing portfolio.
Next, we remain focused on returning cash to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. Notably, we will continue to support and grow the dividend for our shareholders as evidenced by its continuous payment since 1977 and annual increases each fiscal year since 2013. Our approach to share buybacks will continue to be managing for dilution and entering the market opportunistically when assessing for multiple factors. We returned nearly $500 million in cash to shareholders in the quarter through $169 million in dividends and $313 million of share repurchases. At Tyson, we utilize a disciplined capital allocation approach to invest in our business for both organic and inorganic growth, and we returned cash to shareholders while maintaining a robust balance sheet.
Now, let’s turn to the fiscal 2023 financial outlook. We’re maintaining our total company sales guidance of $55 billion to $57 billion, which implies a 3% to 7% sales growth for the year. Supported by the factors detailed earlier, we expect future beef segment margins to be in a normalized range of 5% to 7% in the long term. However, based on current market dynamics, we now expect to perform between 2% and 4% this fiscal year. Given the result in pork in the first quarter, we are lowering margin guidance for the year to be between 0% and 2%. Counter to normal seasonality for our pork segment, we expect the back half of the year to outperform the first half of the year. For our poultry business, we now expect full-year margins to be between 2% and 4% but gaining momentum through the year and exiting the fourth quarter at a margin above this range.
Prepared foods had a strong first quarter in performance. As this is historically normal seasonality for the segment, we’re maintaining our expected full-year margin performance to be between 8% and 10%. In international, we continue to see volume and sales growth year-over-year and we anticipate improved profitability in fiscal 2023, driven by volume and revenue growth from new facilities ramping up. We’ve remain committed to growing our business internationally, representing the fastest-growing protein consumption markets in the world.
Our expectation for capex for the remainder of the year is unchanged at approximately $2.5 billion. Our expectations for productivity savings remain unchanged at $300 million to $400 million. Our net interest expense and tax rate are now expected to be around $330 million and 24%, respectively. We remain committed to our investment-grade rating and managing our net leverage ratio to be at or below two times net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA over the long term, providing optionality for inorganic investment and additional return of cash to shareholders.
In summary, we had a slower start than expected but are optimistic on the outlook for the remainder of the fiscal year and long term. We have a great team, growing demand for our products, strong portfolio diversity, and a differentiated asset footprint needed to win in the marketplace. Overall, we see some persistent market factors, some operational challenges, and some expected seasonality influencing our second-quarter results. And therefore, we’re expecting total company volume revenue and operating income to be meaningfully stronger in the second half of the year compared to the first half of the year. We remain in a strong financial position to support continued investment in our existing footprint, productivity in the support of our brands as we continue to grow our business and provide desirable returns for our shareholders.
So, with all that, I’ll turn the call back over to Sean for Q&A instructions.
Sean Cornett — Vice President, Investor Relations
Thanks, John. We will now move on to your questions. Please recall our cautions on forward-looking statements and non-GAAP measures apply to both our prepared remarks and the following Q&A.
Operator, please provide the Q&A instructions.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
Thank you. We will now begin the question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] We ask that you please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. If you have further questions, you may reenter the question queue. Today’s first question comes from Alexia Howard on Bernstein. Please, go ahead.
Alexia Howard — Bernstein — Analyst
Good morning, everyone.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Good morning.
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Good morning.
Alexia Howard — Bernstein — Analyst
Okay. I guess, we need to focus in on the chicken segment here. And I know in your prepared remarks, you made some comments about why things came up short this quarter. Can you talk about what was the negative — the big negative surprises chicken prices? It sounds though there was some operational and executional issues. And also, as we look forward, can you talk about how quickly you expect some of those issues to resolve and what gives you the confidence that they might improve over the remainder of the year? And then I have a follow-up.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Okay. Alexia, thank you for your question. I’ll start out with some broad comments and then I’ll get a little more tactical as it relates to chicken, and then wait for your next question. But I would just simply tell you that Q1 was a very challenging quarter for us as the confluence of several external factors across all businesses. We saw market swings across all businesses, and they were unpredictable and sizable. While we have opportunities to perform better, and you would never hear me say anything other than that, this is the first time I’ve seen markets work against this all at the same time. It’s the first time I remember market impacts being greater than those controllables that we have in the opportunity for improvement of them.
As we think about moving forward, efficiency in our operations and our company will be a focal point for us. There are some places where we need to make decisions faster and in some cases, better decisions. In some cases, we will need to adjust our business model and in other cases, the accuracy of our projections has to be better than what we demonstrated during Q1. I’d remind you and everyone else that we’re not bigger than the market. And in Q1 and over time, markets will do their job and we simply have to do ours.
Q2 will be seasonally softer than Q1 and the back half will be better than the first half. While the back half will be better than the first half, we feel good about our business outlook. For example, we knew the beef herd was nearing the bottom of the cycle. We knew pork had herd health issues and that there would be incremental packing capacity coming online. And it did. We did not expect the incremental beef, pork, and chicken in the marketplace domestically in Q1, especially, in light of the fact that the cost of animals and the cutout or the pricing was declining. Our prepared foods performed as expected, delivering on operating income. We grew share in both dollars and pounds in the quarter. And I would just like to remind everyone else before I get into chicken and the details that we have a strong diversified portfolio and we have confidence in our multi-protein strategy that it will deliver growth and shareholder value.
Now, let me go a little deeper as it relates to chicken and we perhaps can go even deeper later. In chicken, we have a differentiated model. We have the number-one brand in chicken. We’ve talked often about the fact that our model doesn’t get the highs or lows of the commodity markets. This does not mean we’re not impacted. For example, we’ve talked a lot about variable pricing models. We have those and — but I would remind you that those pricing models have lags as well. As we started this year in chicken in particular, we had a good plan. We still like our chicken business. But there were a lot of moving parts in Q1. So, what happened in Q1? Our volume was up 3% and our harvest pounds were up 15%. This is due to a mix-shift from small bird bone-in to more of a boneless product, and it was a part of our strategy. Our supply plan is dictated by our demand plan. This is a core tenet of our business. We plan for a strong November and December. If you’ll remember, for fresh chicken, if you remember, we shorted fresh chicken in the last three years in a significant way, and we had a plan in place this holiday season to not have that happen again. November and December were softer than we expected our plan for in retail price chicken. This created excess in our retail fresh chicken. Because the sales didn’t materialize in retail fresh, this triggered a resale or a movement of products. The resale price was much lower than modeled for the original sale.
So, to help you a little bit, I would say just to dimensionalize this that about two-thirds of our miss was market-driven and about a third of the miss was related to labor, yield, and spend, some of which was associated with the movement of product because of the miss on fresh chicken. The movement of product from one location to another impacted labor, yield, and created incremental freight cost. We also had some knock-on effects of building inventory as a result of this inventory above our plan. And as a reminder, avian influenza impacted our pricing and volumes on paws and chicken leg quarters in the quarter. There was more chicken, beef, and pork in the market than anticipated.
So, sounds like a lot of excuses there, I get that. So, what, now what? So, what are we doing? I’d tell you that we still have a great chicken business. We still have a good plan. We are cleaning up and have been cleaning up some issues from Q1 that I’ve talked about earlier. So, as we think about from this day or since Q1, we have to control the controllables. I would remind you that we are fully staffed and we continue to invest in a better workplace experience through automation, etc. We’re growing our business, servicing our customers, and becoming the most sought-after place to work, and we will compete with the very best in the chicken space. So, let me let me pause and let’s get a follow-up question and we’ll go from there.
Alexia Howard — Bernstein — Analyst
Thank you for that. Just moving quickly to the beef segment. You’ve given us a range of 2% to 4% on the operating margin side now. Prior to that, it was more open-ended, just below your long-term guidance. What has become clear or what is more certain now about the outlook for this year, and what gives you the confidence that it will come in within that range and not below it? Thank you. And I’ll pass it on.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
All right. Thank you. I will start out on this and then I’ll flip it to Brady for a few comments. We’re moving closer to the bottom or to the trough of the beef cycle. We obviously were surprised at the amount of beef harvested in our Q1. There was a lot more beef on the market than what we had expected, particularly, in light of increased pricing or — excuse me, increased cost of cattle, and at the same time, a decline in cutout. So, that was a bit of surprise to us. That’s a miss for us. But we are moving closer. We know that there are more heifers being harvested. We know there more cows being harvested. We know that what those signs are that we are looking for in terms of when the herd would rebuilt. And it’s going to require rain or precipitation, it’s going to require the rancher to see more forage and hay availability. Those are some of the things you need to look for. But as we’ve gotten a quarter closer to answer your question, Alexia, we see a little more clearly than now. We know that the trough is coming. But we wanted to — the number you see is the conservative number for us and making every effort to make sure that we guide you to where we see Q2 and the balance of the year going.
And so, Brady, let me see if you want to add anything to that. Welcome Brady Stewart.
Brady Stewart — Group President, Fresh Meats
Thank you, Donnie. And certainly your points are relative to cattle availability, and the look into the future is spot-on. The drought, lack of affordable hay and forage, and higher overall supply chain costs are still driving cattle liquidation in parts of the U.S. As we move out of this cycle, the cattle liquidation, and start to see some heifer placements into the future, we’ll certainly have better visibility to the trough that you mentioned as well, Donnie. Why I’m optimistic about the future is the team has worked diligently and effectively to strategically align ourselves with suppliers to ensure we have the supply required relative to higher grading cattle. We feel good about global demand specifically on higher grading beef products. From a macro standpoint, we’re seeing some appreciation in drop credit values, specifically, on specialty products including fats and oils. And while it is hard to pinpoint the exact bottom based on the current droughts in feedstock conditions, we’re seeing some moderation and some signs of optimism relative to the drought conditions that we’ll keep an eye on moving into the future.
Operator
Thank you. And ladies and gentlemen, our next question today comes from Ken Goldman of J.P. Morgan. Please, go ahead.
Ken Goldman — J.P. Morgan — Analyst
Hi. Thank you. I wanted to ask a couple of questions. First, Donnie, you made a change at the top in the chicken segment. Can you outline a little bit which changes are most important as we think about the next few years that you’d like to see and maybe why the change was made now?
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Sure, Ken, I’d be happy to. David Bray was leading our poultry business. And I talked about in Q1 that we had some issues as it related to markets and the amount of protein on the market. The change that we made is result of some of the controllables that — I think we made some good decisions. I’d like to have seen those decisions faster and perhaps some better quality of decisions. And there were things in Q1 as it relates to chicken that we could have done better. And I made the change. I went out immediately and recruited Wes Morris, who — Wes has had — has run many parts of our chicken business, he’s led our prepared foods business, and he’s also led our case-ready beef and pork businesses. And I had a opportunity to pick up a great talent with many, many years of experience and know-how in this business, and we made the change.
In terms of the overall organization, Shane Miller leaving our pork — or, excuse me, our beef and pork business, our fresh meats business, the relocation got Shane. Shane is still actively engaged in the company. He and Brady are working through a transition. And so, we — when Shane decided he could not move for reasons — by the way, Shane is still trying to figure out how he can get here and be a part of it. There’s some personal things that he’s got to deal with. But we were fortunate to pick up Brady Stewart, who is the COO of another company and he is well-versed in the pork business and the packaged meats business and could do a number of roles for us going forward. We’re very fortunate to be able to pick up both Wes and Brady in our organization. And we look for great things from them. But that we’ve got a lot of upside and runway in the organization because of them.
Recently, we announced Amy Tu leading our international business along with a few other functions, but we — we’re excited about Amy and what she’s doing and her passion for the international market and her passion for growing Tyson in international markets. And I feel really good about where we are from an international perspective. I feel really good about where we are from a chicken perspective and the leadership there. I feel really good about where we are from a beef and pork perspective. If you click down one level as it relates to beef, that team is largely intact moving here, and some have in fact already moved here.
So, Stewart, you saw the numbers in prepared foods. Stewart is done a really nice job of challenging the business and upgrading pork raw material into this branded portfolio that we have. And then finally, today — actually today, Melanie Boulden is joining us. And so, why Melanie and why our Chief Growth Officer? It was all in an effort to try to get a center of excellence here in Springdale, Arkansas around branding, marketing, communication, and innovation. And Melanie has got great experience in consumer packaged goods, and most recently, Chief Marketing Officer in a food and beverage company.
So, I’ll pause and take a breath right there, Ken, and wait for your follow up.
Ken Goldman — J.P. Morgan — Analyst
No, that’s helpful. Thank you for that. I guess, as my quick follow-up, it’s obviously not the most — the largest segment you have, but since you mentioned international, it’s never made money. And I’m just curious — I’m not trying to be critical of it because obviously, it’s a bit — in the long run, it’s going to be a business that should be very profitable for you and others. But what’s the strategy? Donnie, you’ve taken a much stronger tack toward, I think, profitability and margins and just efficiency than perhaps your predecessors have. Between you and Amy, what is the fact that we should expect that margin to be going on ahead?
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Ken. And we do appreciate the interest in our international business. I would tell you that we’ve invested a great deal in plants. With COVID over the last year, particularly in the food service channel, we’ve had some headwinds with that. Those have lessened. And we’re in a sweet spot there in terms of our alignment with global customers, many of which are in the food service channel. But we also have launched a branded portfolio across Thailand, Malaysia, and China. And we feel good about that. It’s — they’re doing — the brands are doing really, really well, and provides not only innovation or outside the U.S., we also take that innovation and we add that and we bring some of those things back to the U.S. But we feel good about it. It’s been an investment. It’s been a long-time coming. But I think you will see here in ’23, our international business deliver some really nice results for — in way of operating income.
Amy, anything you would like to add to that?
Amy Tu — President, International & Chief Administrative Officer
Ken, thank you for the question and pointing out profitability or non-profitability over the last few years. I think Donnie is absolutely right. This is our growth strategy we’ve talked about in the past. Where global population growth will happen, it will happen outside the United States. And so, we’re taking our existing footprint right now. We’re putting in place the kind of execution fundamentals that we need to have, and then we’re also discussing with our other segments the opportunities that lie before us given the raw materials that we have here in the United States. As Donnie just put forward, exactly what we have outside the United States is our strong brands. We’re launching [Technical Issues]
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
[Technical Issues] have been profitable over the last few years, and on an EBITDA basis, we look at something in the high-single-digits for that. So, I think there’s financial performance to support the continued investment there, but at the right…
Ken Goldman — J.P. Morgan — Analyst
Yeah. So, there’s more DNA. Okay. Perfect. Thank you, John.
Operator
And our next question today comes from Ben Bienvenu with Stephens. Please, go ahead.
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Hi, Ben.
Ben Bienvenu — Stephens. — Analyst
Hey. Good morning.
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Good morning.
Ben Bienvenu — Stephens. — Analyst
So, I want to ask a follow-up on chicken. Donnie, I think you the characterized the underperformance in the first quarter as two-thirds of the market, one-third Tyson specific. As you look forward, understanding that your view is — and I think we would agree that a recovery is underway and kind of commodity chicken fundamentals, what is the critical path from an internal standpoint to improve that business from here? I think last year the focus was hatchability. That was a big opportunity around growing capacity utilization. What are the focus points as we move through fiscal ’23?
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Ben. I will make a few remarks and I’ll pass it to Wes for a little more detail. As I said in my opening comments — and also in the first question, we still feel really good about our chicken business. We think we have a good plan. Yes, we got hit in the mouth in Q1 because of all the protein on the market in Q1. And our tray pack, our fresh chicken business didn’t materialize as we had expected. And so, we kind of created — we created our own issue with that because of what happened in the market. But I would tell you, we still have tremendous opportunity in upside as we execute this business. And it’s nothing exciting but it’s the fundamentals of the labor and yield and spend and just maintaining — growing this business to fill up our capacity and service the need that we have. And I would remind you that — you and everyone else that we place chickens based on what our demand plan looks like. It’s in service of our demand plan. So, as we go back and look at what happened in Q1 and think about the future, in Q1, strategically, the only thing that went awry was the fact that the demand didn’t materialize in the place at retail at which we thought it would. And so, that triggered a number of other inefficient moves and activities. And — but again, we think, Q1, you’ve seen the numbers, Q2 it seasonally softer. But as we start getting towards the — to that Q3 time period, we feel good about it and we don’t have something that’s broken here that like a hatch issue and a genetics issue. The time horizon for fixing this is much shorter than in many of those things.
Wes, anything you want to add to that?
Wes Morris — Group President of Poultry
Yeah. Good morning, Ben, and thanks for the opportunity. First, let me say how excited I am to be a part of Tyson Foods. It’s a great chicken company. It’s got great people, great brands, great customers. And I want to echo what Donnie said around, we did a lot of the foundational work and executed it very well. We say that we would improve our capacity utilization. We would staff our plants and they’re at a record staffing level. We’ve added automation and got some opportunities as we start up. That negatively impacted our yield in Q1. And then we said we rebuild inventory post-COVID to better service our customers and our order fill rate indicates that we did that well. And so, from a live perspective, we performed very well. The volatility of our hatch numbers are behind us and we did exactly what we said we were going to do on the lab production side. And so, that allows us to focus more of our energy on standing up that automation to its expected results and to make sure we’re still meeting the needs of the consumer. But the one thing that’s obvious, we can do better, is understanding the consumer shifts in our business and making sure we’ve got the right amount of birds in the right place at the right time.
Ben Bienvenu — Stephens. — Analyst
Okay. Very good. Thank you. My second question is on the prepared foods business. A very strong start to the year. The guidance is unchanged. I know it’s early in the year, but implied in the guidance being unchanged is a moderation in the operating margin. So, what is it that we would need to see for that to happen? How much of that is — it’s early in the year and you want to get a little bit more of the fiscal year under your belt to adjust that guidance versus a explicit view that things soften from here?
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
So, let me make a comment and then I’ll flip it over to Stewart. In terms of prepared, we did deliver what we said we would in Q1. We feel good about that on a go-forward basis with these iconic billion-dollar plus brands that we have. We feel good about that. Stewart said in the last quarter that retail was really, really good, and we had some work to do as it relates to the food service side. And, of course, we’re still not back to pre-COVID levels in the food service channel. And so, there’s some upside for that opportunities when that happens. But we need more demand there. I would tell you even in all of that, we continue to grow our share in the food service prepared and poultry business.
But, Stewart, why don’t you add some color to this?
Brady Stewart — Group President, Fresh Meats
Yeah. Thanks for that, Donnie. Look, food service, as I said last quarter, is operating from a very, very strong platform. And investors should expect to see that over the medium term as that business continues to grow and the profitability improves. In the short run, we’ve got a job to do on food service. And I believe we’re making progress there as I look at the pipeline that’s developing. Very strong performance on retail. But acknowledge that in the first quarter, some of that is seasonal as you look at some of the sausage — breakfast sausage products that we have, and we’re taking some of that benefit. I feel good about the guidance we’ve given for the year. There may be a little bit of variability in some of the quarters. But I’m really standing on the fact that this is a solid platform that we can continue to see go from strength to strength.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question today comes from Adam Samuelson with Goldman Sachs. Please, go ahead.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Hi, Adam.
Adam Samuelson — Goldman Sachs. — Analyst
Yes. Thank you. Hi. Good morning. So, I guess, coming back to chicken a little bit more deeply, I guess, I’m trying to just kind of square kind of the point on market kind of demand dynamics were a bit responsible for pretty unfavorable mix. And Donnie, you talked about your sales volumes in chicken up, I think, 2.7%, but harvest up 15%. So, clearly — and you talked about too much meat in the market. If I think about your own harvest levels of 15%, that would represent a pretty proportionate amount of the increase in poultry production in the industry in the fourth quarter. And so, I guess, I’m just trying to get a sense of when you say market was the source of weakness, is it just pricing? Is it mix or is it just — look, we saw the big bird cutout be down with commodity market pricing was bad, or is it just demand in your highest-value channel or higher-value channel and retail tray pack and you had to put that — sell that meat into the big bird market at a discount as a lower value?
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Let me make a few comments and then I’ll let Wes add some color to this. The miss for us was clearly in our fresh chicken, our tray pack chicken, at retail. That was where we stumbled. The demand for our branded retail products was very good. Demand for our food service chicken products were all very good. The thing that is exacerbated this was the amount of overall protein in the marketplace in Q1, beef, pork and chicken. While our harvest pounds were up 15%, remember that we are converting all those pounds into a boneless form, right? That’s different. That’s a mix-shift and a strategy change as we get out of some of the more small-bird, whole-body, eight-piece type products. We talked about that last quarter. We’ve moved into a boneless mix in that area. And we’ve got more to come as it relates to that.
But Wes, why don’t you cover some of the detail?
Wes Morris — Group President of Poultry
Yeah. Adam, thanks for the question. Like I said before, we executed our live plan very well and did exactly what we said we were going to do. But we did have a strategic mix change and had less bones. And then one of the other drivers was the impact of our sales of paws, 2% to 2.5% of a lot of chicken depending on what size, rebuilding our safety stock inventory, and then the seasonal increase in inventory to supply wings to the marketplace. But, Adam, the way I’d ask you to think about it is at a macro level, we did a very good job and we absolutely had the right number of chickens. We simply had them in the wrong place based on the post-COVID changes. And so, we had more than we needed in our fresh chicken business and came up short in some other areas.
Adam Samuelson — Goldman Sachs. — Analyst
Okay. And then, I guess — and this goes to both the performance in the quarter and the change in outlook for the balance of the year. Just you guys reported in mid-November, nearly halfway through the quarter at that point, just help me understand kind of where the information disconnect was between live production operations and financial planning that there was this big of a disconnect in the period. And in terms of the magnitude of the guided margin change for the rest of the year, is that just continued unfavorable mix? Is that cost? Is that contracting and pricing? I’m just trying to make sure I understand the moving pieces on the magnitude of that margin change relative to three months ago.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Sure, Adam. So, I’ve said earlier that — as a way of a reminder that we start with a demand plan. And then over the past three years, we have not been able to service the demand in fresh chicken at retail. We were trying to correct that at this point. And every demand signal we had said that the demand was going to materialize, and we placed chickens accordingly. Remember, we placed those chickens for that November time frame back in August. And so, we were going — I understand your point about we’re in mid — we’re in November and we have in the last earnings call, a lot of things from that day forward, the demand didn’t show up in fresh chicken. A lot of the other things were exactly, exactly the way we planned for them. And — but that trigger — you think about fresh chicken, you typically put that product in a tray and then before when you have the order. And when the order doesn’t show up and you have to take it out of the tray or sell it in the tray at a discounted or in a distressed fashion. We had a lot of that in our Q1. And we’ve cleaned up that. We’re still trying to get ourselves going back again. Q2 is going to be seasonally softer. Variable pricing models and the lag associated with that. I mean, we’ll get caught up with that the back half of the year. We feel good about where we’re going to be relative to that. And so, Wes — that’s, I think the first question. What about the second one?
Wes Morris — Group President of Poultry
Yeah. Optimistic about the path forward. The USDA is projecting Q2 numbers around 2%, which is a lot less chicken availability than the 7% increase we saw in Q1. Then when you couple that with 4% to 5% less cattle, you should have an overall protein per capita that is much smaller than what we saw in Q1. We’re already seeing some changes in the marketplace since the end of the quarter. We’ve seen boneless go up the quarter. Wings are up around $0.14, $0.15. And so, optimistic going forward that the chicken values will correct. Now, we’ve talked about variable pricing on a lot of these different calls. And the good news is it’s much, much faster than the historical one-year fixed-price agreement. But unfortunately, it still has a short-term lag. So, as these markets correct, It will take a minute to hit the self sheet.
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Hey, Adam. This is John too. I think there’s just a couple of other things that we’ve said that are worth reemphasizing. One is — and I think you asked a good question about, hey, what was going on, you talked to us last time in November. I think, in addition to all the poultry dynamics the Donnie and Wes described here, I think there’s still difference of outlook as it related to beef availability, which, I think, was maybe a little bit of a surprise. And then I think as it relates to the outlook for the year, if you just look at some kind of what the public data says, I think it’s something like 25% to 30% more chicken meat in the freezer. And so, our plans account for working through that, but it does take some time to work through that. And there are timing differentials between how the market recovers and where our pricing recovers. So, all of that influences just the shape of the year for us. And I think we’ve also said this, but just to make sure the listeners on the call get it today, Q2 will be softer for us than Q1. And we expect to see recovery in what is our Q3 and Q4, the second part of our fiscal year.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question today comes from Robert Moskow with Credit Suisse. Please, go ahead.
Robert Moskow — Credit Suisse — Analyst
Hi. Thanks for the question. I guess, the follow-up is, it sounds like there’s no change to your production plan for chicken. I think you had a plan of 42 million head per week. Is that still the same? And I don’t know, like, do you still have to harvest 15% more chicken now in order to satisfy the demand that you have three months from now? Is it — are you still at a 15% increase in production?
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
So, let me make sure I separate for you. A great question, by the way. One is head and one is weight. The 15% is weight. The head is different. We have talked in terms of — in fiscal ’23, by the end of fiscal ’23, we would be at about 42 million head a week. And that’s still the plan. I would also tell you that the plan is — I mean, the demand is there to support 42 million chickens a week. And if that changes, we’ll change. But that’s what we see right now as we look at the demand picture.
The other thing is, I think, that — and I’ll just say it, as we talked about the beef cycle and the pork cycle and herd health and and so forth, I think it’s — if you look at what happened in Q1, I think every chicken company in America read the headlines around there’s going to be less beef, less pork, and the natural belief is that chicken will fill that gap. But the problem with all of that is there wasn’t a gap in beef and pork in Q1. And so, I think you’re seeing even now based on the numbers Wes quoted earlier, you’re seeing adjustments in the marketplace relative to that. And — but we will always balance our supply with what our demand needs are. And I just — it’s just a fundamental tenet of how we operate this business and have operated for many years.
Robert Moskow — Credit Suisse — Analyst
Okay. I guess the follow-up is, I’ve gotten questions from investors asking whether this is an indication of much weaker demand from consumers. Would you describe it that way, or was it — is it really oversupply that’s been the issue. And then in the back half of your fiscal year, you think that that’s what’s going to correct? It’s not really demand needs to get better, it’s that the supply needs to normalize?
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
I think you are spot-on relative to that. And you’re — I think you’re already seeing adjustments in terms of the supply plan. I would tell you — and I don’t want to mislead you or anyone else on this, there is some — there’s unusual erratic however we choose to describe the behavior as relates between channels swapping and even parts of the store and how — what’s going on there, swapping between proteins, all the normal things that you would know from all of your years of covering this protein sector, they’re all in play. But I think this is — I think in Q1, this was a supply issue first and foremost. Secondly, there were some shifting in what part of the store and what products were purchased.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question today comes from Ben Theurer with Barclays. Please, go ahead.
Benjamin M. Theurer — Barclays — Analyst
Yeah. Hi. Good morning, and thanks for taking my question. Just wanted to dig a little bit into, if you could explain in more detail what happened on the derivatives in both cases, chicken and pork, and if there’s something else outstanding that might go wrong going forward and how you’re planning on trying to not run into this, because I think you said on pork, without the derivatives, it would have been positive, but then, obviously, because of this were negative, so just to understand a little bit of that dynamic. That would be my first question.
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Hey, Ben. This is John. I think maybe just a couple of comments headlining on kind of how we’re using a hedging and derivatives as it relates to a risk management kind of overarching strategy. Generally speaking, what you would expect from us is to kind of have coverage in the near term, and coordinated with what our sales picture looks like with customers. And we really use it as a margin management tool more than any type of speculative tool. And so, I think that just emphasizing that last point, we would not project any — there’s no outside best sitting out there in terms of what the markets are going to be doing. We kind of keep things in close and use it more from a margin management standpoint.
Benjamin M. Theurer — Barclays — Analyst
Okay. And then just from a like general within prepared foods, I mean, obviously, you had a very good quarter, both pricing still nicely up, but at the same time, volume was actually up. Can you help us understand how much of that volume was just recovery in some of the food service things, as you were saying, you still need to catch up here on the volume to get to pre-pandemic levels? And are you seeing any sort of elasticities or any headwinds on some consumers becoming a little more sensible to the price increases? Just to understand the volume impact within it as it was still positive.
Brady Stewart — Group President, Fresh Meats
Yeah. Sure. Well, Stewart here. I’ve just picked that up. So, first of all, look, like I said earlier, we have a very, very powerful platform here both on the retail side and on the food service side. The increase in volume was not driven by food service. Food service for me is still a place where there’s a lot of work to be done. A good platform by opportunity to fill some plants to sell harder against volume that we lost during COVID. This was driven by the strength of retail. And what was really impressive in the quarter was the ability of our brands to gain price to offset some inflation and also to gain ground with with consumers. But we’re working closely with our customers. We’re providing the right level of support for our brands. And I think this — the performance in this quarter just demonstrates the real strength of our retail platform. At the same time, there’s ground that we can cover. In innovation, I’m pleased the Melanie is on board. She’s going to be a big help. There’s ground we can cover from a productivity standpoint just in running our operations better. And certainly, we’ll start to fill up that food service volume.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question today comes from Michael Lavery with Piper Sandler. Please, go ahead.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Good morning.
Michael Lavery — Piper Sandler — Analyst
Thank you. Good morning. I just wanted to follow up on the consumer demand piece and just understand, you said you’ve seen channel shifts and protein shifts and things that sounds pretty typical, but in just a few weeks, the elevated SNAP party is going to be over. And just curious how you think about for that cohort, which it is a certain demographic, but how do you think about that impact in your planning for the rest of the year?
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Sure. I will start and then offer it up to anyone else that may have something to add that. But, I think it’s — if you look at the information that we see, it says the consumer has — is working through savings. In the middle of the pandemic, they were able to bank a lot of savings, and over the last little bit, they’ve been working through that savings. And I think many consumers are now out of that — those savings and are at least nearing the last of it. And so, I would expect the consumer to be under more pressure as we move forward in this year and — but I would also remind you that as a company, if you look at our brands and we cover the spectrum across proteins. We have a product for every consumer across various proteins and price points. So, we feel very good about the fact that we can intersect with that consumer wherever they are. And that would — that’s, I think, a good position to be in and — or the best position you can be in. And so, we’ll see how it turns out. But we don’t know any more about that than you do today.
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Yeah. I would add two things to what Donnie is saying. Number one, if you think about the kind of prepared and retail branded side of our business, we’ve been paying attention to what the consumer is doing and feeling over the last few quarters and we continue to today. I think the good news is even in these times where we’re — where the outlook for the economy is evolving, we’ve had pretty steady growth and pretty strong performance in that part of our business, which tells us that while yeah, there may be a lot of behavioral changes going on in the economy, we see consumers coming to the brands and the categories that we’re in repeatedly. So, I think we feel good about that.
On the second point I want to make is, from a — how to say it, the supply and demand balancing on the kind of fresh and frozen, more commodity protein side of our business, has more influence on how we’re performing than does the macro situation because people are going to continue to eat protein. They may cut back on other things, but food is not one of them.
Michael Lavery — Piper Sandler — Analyst
That’s helpful. And just a follow-up on the beef spreads you’ve called out the drivers of the pressure near term, but any sense of how long before it can rebound? And I know you don’t want to get into the fiscal ’24 really, but maybe any just directional guardrails of how to think about it? Is just going to be more of the same for a while? Is there something you can point to that’s a catalyst one way or the other? Just a little bit maybe longer look if there’s anything you can add there.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. I mean it’s — I wish I could be here before you today and tell you I knew when that was going to happen. But there’s kind of some prerequisites before we’re going to see that. Heifer retention, which is going to be driven by better precipitation, getting past the drought, and for ranchers to see, to have hay that’s more affordable and forage land to be able to feed those animals. I don’t think you’re going to see heifer retention in a meaningful way until those things occur. And I’ve listened to every expert that’s been through all these cycles through all these years and I’ve been through a couple of them myself. It’s, I guess — I get a number somewhere between the spring of ’23 and the spring of ’24. And that’s how variable the — it could be. What I can tell you is the harvest of heifers and the harvest of cows continue. And in the lot of cases, people are paying up for those animals to sell them at a — for a lesser cutout. So, that’s what I can tell you about it.
Brady, anything you would add to that?
Brady Stewart — Group President, Fresh Meats
No, Donnie. Donnie, I think you covered it very well. We have a different situation today than we have in the past as well relative to some of the interest-rate pressures that certainly will have an impact as these ranchers decide to retain heifers as well. So, that coupled with some of the weather and impacts that we see certainly create the uncertainty that you outlined.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question today comes from Eric Larson with Seaport Research Partners. Please, go ahead.
Eric Larson — Seaport Global — Analyst
Yes. Thanks for taking my question. It’s on the beef cycle again. And it is — I guess, it’s not surprising that we continue to see cow and heifer slaughter. But I guess, the question that I have and it’s related to this, we’re at 50 year kind of lows on these various cattle sectors. And it seems like the recovery for this will certainly take quite a bit longer than maybe I would have expected. Is that — and now when you’ve got new capacity coming on stream from some more competitors, what does the increase in capacity with lower and maybe more sustainable lower supplies mean for the mid-to-longer-term margin for your business?
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. I will make a few comments and Brady can step in on this. I mean, I think you’ve described it very well in terms of what the levers are here. Everything you’ve said, I think, I agree with what you said and how you characterize. And you’ve also described this future state of where there will be more packing capacity with fewer animals. And so, if you build the capacity, these are — for these large plants, you spend $1 billion to build a beef plant. So, if you spend a $1 billion to get a beef plant, you’re going to process animals. And so, that could in all likelihood drive up the price of the cattle that are available at that point. But the — you’re going to get some pushback with consumer if you try to cover that or try to get cutout to cover that. So, I see all the same pressures and dynamics that you just outlined. And it’s going to take a bit to rebuild the herd. And once we get to whatever the bottom is, I mean, we’re looking at two-plus years to be able to see some better times.
Brady?
Brady Stewart — Group President, Fresh Meats
Perfect. Thanks for that, Donnie. I think there’s a couple of other factors that we need to consider as we come out of this cycle. And one of them is certain — certainly relative to export demand. And we’ve seen an increase in terms of demand from our export partners relative to higher grading cattle. I think that is an anomaly relative to cycles that we have certainly seen in the past and it’s something that we will be watching as well. Now, we’ve seen the strength that I mentioned earlier relative to some of the drop values in byproducts as well. So, certainly, combining not only the supply factors that you touched on from a live cattle perspective, but also the demand factors that are going to come into play from both our export customers and our domestic customers is certainly a focal point for us.
Eric Larson — Seaport Global — Analyst
Thank you, guys.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
Okay.
Operator
And ladies and gentlemen, this concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn it back it to management for any final remarks.
John R. Tyson — Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Sure. This is John again, and just a couple of things to wrap up on we want to make sure we got to cover with you before I hand it to Donnie to close it off. I think the first thing, if we think about the top-line guidance that we’ve given, our outlook — there’s probably in the bottom half of that range just to kind of crystallize where we are today. And then, I think the second thing is we didn’t really need to touch on capital allocation today although I know it’s a point interest for many folks. And our capital expenditure outlook for the year is firm at or around the $2.5 billion number. But I think what we would guide to as we look forward, that’s probably the high watermark. And for us, our priorities are kind of preserving financial strength and flexibility, investing for returns in our business, and then after that, being disciplined on M&A dividends and share repo. So, I just want to make sure people understood kind of what the outlook was like there.
And yes, I think with that, Donnie, I’ll hand it back to you just to close it out.
Donnie King — President and Chief Executive Officer
All right. Thanks, John. We’re building a world-class business organization positioned to take advantage of the opportunities in front of us. We remain confident that our strategy will deliver long-term growth and shareholder value. Thank you for your interest in Tyson Foods, and we look forward to speaking with you soon. Goodbye.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]