United Parcel Service Inc (NYSE: UPS) Q1 2020 Earnings Call Transcript

United Parcel Service Inc (UPS) Q1 2020 earnings call dated Apr. 28, 2020

Corporate Participants:

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Brian Newman — Chief Financial Officer

George Willis — President of U.S. Operations

Scott Price — Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

Nando Cesarone — President of UPS International

Analysts:

Ken Hoexter — Bank of America Merrill Lynch — Analyst

David Vernon — Bernstein — Analyst

Jordan Alliger — Goldman Sachs — Analyst

Tom Wadewitz — UBS — Analyst

Christian Wetherbee — Citigroup Global Markets — Analyst

Scott Group — Wolfe Research — Analyst

Scott Schneeberger — Oppenheimer & Co. — Analyst

David Ross — Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Inc. — Analyst

Amit Mehotra — Deutsche Bank — Analyst

Jack Atkins — Stephens Inc. — Analyst

Brandon Oglenski — Barclays Capital — Analyst

Presentation:

Operator

Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to say good morning to you. And my name is Steven, and I will be your conference facilitator today at this time. I would like to welcome everyone to the UPS Investor Relations First Quarter 2020 Earnings Call. [Operator Instructions]

It is now my pleasure to turn the floor over to your host, Mr. Scott Childress, Investor Relations Officer. Sir, the floor is yours.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

Good morning, and welcome to the UPS first quarter 2020 earnings call. Joining me today are David Abney our CEO; Brian Newman, our CFO; Kate Gutmann, our Chief Sales and Solutions Officer; along with International President, Nando Cesarone; President of US Operations, George Willis; our Chief Information and Engineering Officer, Juan Perez; and Scott Price, our Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer.

Before we begin, I want to remind you that some of the comments we’ll make today are forward-looking statements within the federal securities laws and address our expectations for the future performance or operating results of our Company. These statements are subject to risk and uncertainty, which are described in detail in our 2019 Form 10-K and other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These reports when filed are available on the UPS Investor Relations website and from the SEC.

During the quarter, GAAP results included a pre-tax charge of $45 million or $0.04 per share on an after-tax basis. The charge resulted primarily from transformation-related activities. In the prior year period, adjusted results excluded a pre-tax charge from transformation cost of $123 million or $0.11 per share on an after-tax basis. Unless stated otherwise, our comments will refer to adjusted results.

The webcast of today’s call, along with the reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures, are available on the UPS Investor Relations website. Webcast users can submit live questions during the call. We will attempt to answer questions of a long-term strategic nature. Callers are asked to submit only one question, so that we may allow as many as possible to participate.

Thank you. And now, I will turn the call over to David.

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Scott. And good morning everyone. I would first like to thank UPSers worldwide for going above and beyond during the coronavirus pandemic. Since this crisis began, we’ve been operating as a Critical Infrastructure Business, leveraging the strength of our global network to keep supply chains moving around the world. People are counting on UPS more than ever before. And I am proud of the heroic actions of our employees throughout this pandemic. This crisis touches all parts of our business, and we have been methodical in our response. Our actions prioritize safety, focused on our customers, ensure our liquidity and position UPS for additional opportunities as conditions improve.

Regarding safety, we have adjusted our health and safety protocols throughout our Company. We’ve increased social distancing, which includes waiving customer signature requirements where possible, more Personal Protective Equipment or PPE for our people, frequent cleaning of our facilities and equipment and teleworking for our employees where feasible. Those are just some of the safeguards we’ve implemented to protect our people and customers, and we will continue to adjust as conditions change. I also want to recognize the extraordinary efforts of healthcare professionals and everyone on the front lines in the communities where we live and work. On behalf of UPS, we are grateful for their efforts and sacrifices.

UPS is one of the few companies with the logistics expertise and global infrastructure to keep critical healthcare and other supply chains moving. We’ve embraced our leadership role supporting FEMA with Project Airbridge and other healthcare-related missions by managing charter flights to deliver millions of pounds of PPA and test kits from around the world into dedicated UPS distribution space outside Worldport. From there, we’re providing overnight delivery to locations throughout the US. UPS is also assisting other federal and state government agency and supporting customers like 3M, Qiagen, Henry Schein, McKesson and SanMar as they quickly adapt their supply chains to manufacture and distribute PPE and other supplies.

Many companies are coming together with ingenuity and speed to solve the most urgent and complex healthcare challenges of this crisis. For example, we have the distinction of partnering with GM and Ventec Life Systems to provide transportation and logistics services for their advanced technology ventilators now being produced at GM’s retooled manufacturing facilities. And I’ll add that we’re doing all of this while US domestic is delivering industry-leading on-time performance.

As China began to recover in March, our Asia outbound business accelerated both air freight and small package, including the healthcare, high-tech and e-commerce sectors. We quickly added capacity to keep critical supply chains moving and commerce flowing and outbound demand from Asia has continued. Once more, as part of FEMA’s Project Airbridge and other healthcare-related missions, we increased the number of flights by over 200 to transport critical life-saving cargo to the US and Europe. Countless companies are relying on UPS to help keep their businesses running and to support the coronavirus response efforts. One fine example is the e-commerce support we are providing to Target. When the coronavirus pandemic forced millions of Americans to stay at home, communities across the country turn to Target and Target turn to UPS. Consumer e-commerce demand for essential and necessary goods surge, and UPS has been there with excellent on-time delivery.

Several years ago, we identified healthcare and e-commerce as two of our strategic growth imperatives, and we’ve been investing in innovative solutions to enhance our capabilities. In healthcare, we’re expanding UPS Premier, our next-generation on-package sensor and visibility technology for critical healthcare shipments. And starting in May in cooperation with the FAA, UPS Flight Forward, our drone subsidiary, will deliver prescriptions from a CVS store in The Villages, which is the largest US retirement community and is located in Florida. With our new healthcare unit, we are well positioned to continue to assist our customers as more countries moving to recovery and demand for healthcare supplies evolved.

And in e-commerce, our digital access program for SMBs, one of our strategic imperatives, greatly increases their e-commerce market reach. And we continue to deploy UPSNav, the latest enhancement to our proprietary ORION navigation software. UPSNav further supports our drivers with the increase in residential volume. These solutions and many more will enable us to build upon our existing customer relationships and foster new opportunities with others during these challenging times. In fact, UPS is poised and ready to help all customers, large and small, resume business as markets reopen.

In late January, we provided our 2020 guidance, which did not include any impacts from coronavirus. It was early then and no one could have foreseen the significant impact it would have on our customers and the global economy. In fact, over my 46-year career with UPS, I have never seen the level of demand variability in the markets we serve and among our customers that we are now experiencing. Throughout the quarter, we adjusted our network and controlled costs, but we were not able to fully offset the unprecedented and swift changes in market demand and mix. Business closures and stay-at-home restrictions disproportionately affected SMBs, and we’re seeing a dramatic shift in consumer shopping behavior. By late March, residential deliveries approached nearly 70% of our volume and drove increased delivery costs, a trend we’re seeing continue in April. Brian will add more detail on this in a moment.

Most economists are currently predicting a recession, but there is broad disagreement on the length and shape of the recovery. The main economic indicators, US industrial production, US retail, global industrial production and global exports are all forecasted to decline significantly. Due to the uncertainties ahead, we are unable to predict the business impact of the pandemic or reasonably estimate our financial performance in future quarters. As a result, we are withdrawing 2020 guidance.

Importantly, UPS generated good cash flow in the first quarter and our liquidity remained strong. We continue to make prudent financial decisions and have additional options available to ensure ample liquidity. In addition, our dividend remains a high priority and is a hallmark of our financial strength. We are confident our actions will continue to enable us to fund the business and support shareowner interest. As a result of changing business conditions, we analyze our 2020 capex projects and have re-prioritized our spending to those key investments necessary to support transformation. We are reducing capex by $1 billion. This decision was governed by two priorities.

First, we will continue to make investments that best position the Company to seize future opportunities as conditions improve. And second, we are prioritizing investments and spending to yield the greatest long-term benefits to the Company. For example, we remain on track to speed up the US ground network and expand weekend operations. These efforts will bolster our competitive position and help all customers meet the demand for faster delivery. Also, we will continue expanding our integrated network by adding about 5 million square feet of automated capacity this year. More automation reduces our cost, enhances our network flexibility and enables the creation of innovative solutions for our customers.

Before I turn it over to Brian, I want to congratulate Carol Tome on being named UPS’s 12th CEO. Carol has great knowledge of UPS from serving on our Board for 17 years, and she has a proven track record of leading a global organization through volatile economic cycles. She brings a best understanding of retail, e-commerce, strategy and extensive financial background to the Company. Carol is the right person to guide UPS at this time in our history. She officially takes over on June 1, but the transition is well underway. We’ve been working closely on all aspects of our business, including UPS’s response to the coronavirus pandemic. Carol’s unbridled enthusiasm and passion come through naturally in our daily interactions. She has hit the ground running. And I have great confidence in her ability to lead our Company into the future.

And now, Brian will take you through the details for the quarter.

Brian Newman — Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, everyone. During the quarter, UPS saw unprecedented and rapid change in customer and volume fundamentals. As a result, we faced a challenging and uncertain environment. I’ll begin today by describing the factors that contributed to our results, then cover the strength of our liquidity and wrap up by sharing the trends we see in our business.

Let me start with how the quarter unfolded. First, as David mentioned, leading economic indicators have turned negative. Historically, the small package industry is highly correlated with GDP, but with two important variations. The small package industry typically grows faster than GDP over the long run, especially in a strong e-commerce environment. And second, during a recession, demand volatility is elevated. During the quarter, our business rapidly changed, due to the coronavirus pandemic, and declined in global economic activity.

Let me begin with Asia. China average daily volume was down 16% in January and February on local day basis and then partially rebounded in March growing 23%. Europe followed a different pattern with January and February average daily volume growth slightly positive and then down mid-to-high single-digits in March. Declines in economic activity trailed the spread of the coronavirus as it emerged in new locations and then surfaced in the US. The virus spread quickly, making it difficult for our customers to know how to respond or make adjustments to their businesses.

UPS’s global networks and solutions enabled flexibility and support to our customers. However, we experienced an overall decline in commercial packages of around 2% for the quarter. But in March, the decline was actually 8.9%. It’s also important to recognize that businesses were affected differently throughout the quarter. For example, many small and medium-sized businesses with limited alternatives were more likely to temporarily halt their operations or move exclusively online. Consequently, US SMB volume growth was flat, a reversal of a positive multi-quarter trend. The impact across sectors was also somewhat unique. Consumer shopping migrated online triggering a surge in volume growth led by multiple large UPS customers. Internationally, we saw e-commerce volume growth of almost 12% and domestically, e-commerce grew 19% for the quarter.

Healthcare was another sector with accelerated volume growth where in the US, it increased 8.9% with significant contributions from Personal Protective Equipment, testing and lab supplies, items that are critically needed to curtail the virus and protect healthcare providers and the general public. So what it all this mean to UPS? While UPS generated more than $18 billion in revenue and about $1 billion in net income during the quarter, we were down nearly 17% or $200 million in the quarter. This was driven by three after-tax items. The impact of the coronavirus was a drag of about $140 million. Second, casualty self-insurance accruals were higher than anticipated by about $110 million, which we are addressing with targeted safety training designed for prevention, continued implementation of incident-avoidance technology, and finally, data analytics to enhance proactive driver coaching. And then finally, the impact of one additional operating day this quarter is a tailwind of approximately $50 million.

We are confident, however, that we can take advantage of the opportunities in front of us, and it will be well prepared for the recovery when it comes, regardless of its shape.

Now, let me make a few comments about the segments. U.S. Domestic delivered strong volume and revenue with average daily volume up 8.5% across all products, though volume growth softened as we moved toward the end of the quarter. Our automated hubs performed well. However, these benefits were not enough to offset the rapidly changing and significant customer and product mix headwinds we faced. Specifically, commercial deliveries turned negative ending five consecutive quarters of growth. B2C volumes spiked early in the period to high teens, which drove an increase in overall miles driven of nearly 10% and about a 15% increase in total average daily stops. By the end of the quarter, B2C approach 70% of our volume, and average package weight decreased by about a third of a pound.

The US generated $401 million in operating profit, which was $293 million below last year. Profitability was primarily affected by the coronavirus with an impact of around $100 million, higher-than-anticipated casualty self-insurance accruals of about $130 million and the pension discount rate of $62 million.

Turning to the International segment. International executed well through various peaks and valleys of the coronavirus pandemic spread across the world. Business closures and stay-at-home restrictions led to a decline in commercial volume and downward pressure on volume growth. We had slightly positive average daily volume growth in January and February. But as I previously mentioned, volume declines came in March with the month finished down 6.5%, mainly driven by Europe. We took advantage of certain growth opportunities and leveraged the flexibility of the network to manage costs to help offset the significant change in mix. We reduced block hours by nearly 6%, well below our export volume decline. And overall, International cost per piece was lower by 0.5% primarily from the impact from currency.

One of the bright spots in the quarter occurred in mid-March as China began its recovery. March export volume from Asia was up around 15% on a local day basis. We quickly added capacity to support pent-up demand out of Asia from a variety of sectors, including healthcare, high-tech and e-commerce. International generated $558 million in operating profit and even with the headwinds, operating margin was 16.5%, which includes an impact of around $70 million from the coronavirus.

Now, let’s review the Supply Chain and Freight segment. Despite the difficult macro environment, revenue for the segment was down less than 1%. The segment faced coronavirus challenges as mentioned earlier. However, we saw some positives, as the quarter progressed. International Air Freight tonnage rebounded in March and was up more than 15% primarily on Asia outbound lanes as the China recovery took hold. Logistics grew operating profit led by US healthcare and Marken, and Marken had a strong quarter of double-digit revenue and operating profit growth.

On the downside, US road freight softened during the quarter, pushing profit results within Coyote and UPS Freight lower on a year-over-year basis by around $50 million. Additionally, ocean freight, North American air freight and brokerage were lower during the quarter. Total operating profit was $158 million. Overall impact from the coronavirus was a drag of around $10 million, and tough year-over-year comps were headwinds to profit growth.

Moving to liquidity, we have a disciplined and balanced approach to capital allocation. And capital management and dividends remain a high priority. We’re starting from a position of strength. Cash from operations was about $2.6 billion, and adjusted free cash flow for the period was $1.6 billion, consistent with our first quarter average over the last three years. To date, we strengthened our liquidity with a debt issuance of $3.5 billion in March, which more than satisfies our debt obligations for 2020. We are taking a strict approach to working capital and cost controls across the Company.

Working capital improved by around $80 million on a year-over-year basis. We actively engaged with policy makers on stimulus packages to help support small businesses, consumers and corporate cash positions. And finally, we expect to lower our use of cash in 2020 by nearly $1.8 billion by suspending share buybacks and reducing capex. Our capex reduction will not impact our automation targets. About 50% of $1 billion in capex reduction is from adjusting buildings and facilities projects, and the other half comes from re-phasing vehicle purchases, and we are finding that some projects are coming in at a lower cost.

We want to thank the US Congress for providing the CARES Act to help companies across the country. We have elected not to participate in the program as we are confident in our ability to manage UPS’s liquidity through this cycle. We will, however, continue to monitor business conditions and make additional adjustments as needed, including further potential reductions in capex or operating expenses.

Our ongoing transformation is extremely important right now, as we manage through the current crisis and to further position UPS as global conditions improve in the future. In fact, in the first half of the year, we will add approximately 80,000 pieces per hour of new automated sort capacity to the US domestic network, increasing efficiency and agility within our network.

Let’s turn to what we’re seeing now. We view the current global situation is having three distinct stages, pre-coronavirus pandemic, stay-at-home restrictions and then a recovery phase. The US began to stay at home stage in March, and it has continued into the second quarter. At this time, we are not able to determine the duration or depth of the stage for the resulting recession. We will leave those debates to the economists, and instead, we’ll focus on keeping our employees safe, serving our customers and ensuring ample liquidity for our shareholders. What I can tell you is that our business was performing well, coming into the year in the pre-coronavirus stage. And as I shared, we encountered rapidly changing and significant mix headwinds as we entered the stay-at-home period.

Because averages can be misleading during these times, let me provide you with some of the trends we are seeing. Asia appears to be stabilizing with strong outbound demand. Europe remains in transition and is weak economically, especially on the industrial side. And in the first half of April, International average daily volume is down about 8%. In the US, at the end of March, B2C made up around 70% of our weekly volume and that trend has extended into April. Healthcare continues to be a positive with growth in commercial and residential deliveries. No industry verticals had positive commercial growth in March, except for healthcare and these trends have continued into April. So far in April, US average daily volume has grown mid-single-digits, driven by Ground residential and SurePost. And air shipments are up about 1%. Importantly, commercial ground volume is down significantly from last year. Productivity and service levels remain high. And delivery stops and miles driven continue to be elevated putting pressure on our delivery density.

I know that it’s difficult to see all the moving pieces from outside the Company, so I hope this provides a helpful glimpse inside. We know we will move into a recovery phase; we just don’t know when. So we can’t provide guidance for the remainder of the year at this time. But as we move forward, we will continue to prioritize investments and operational decisions that put us in the best competitive and financial position for the recovery. It is also likely that future consumer and business behavior may change as a result of this crisis. And UPS’s transformation initiatives will help bridge us to new market realities by delivering more automation, increased network flexibility and new technology-enabled solutions that position us well for the future.

Thank you. And operator, please open the lines.

Questions and Answers:

Operator

Our first question will come from the line of Ken Hoexter of Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Please go ahead.

Ken Hoexter — Bank of America Merrill Lynch — Analyst

Great. Good morning. David and Brian, can you talk a bit about perhaps the domestic at 3.5% margin despite the network transformation. If residential is at 70% of volumes, but only for March and if we now see stay-at-home lasting maybe April/May, do you expect then additional pressure on those margins? Are you seeing any benefit from increased density in the residential deliveries?

Brian Newman — Chief Financial Officer

Sure, Ken. Good morning, it’s Brian. Thanks for the question. So from a domestic margin perspective, as you mentioned, 3.5%, there were three items that weighed on the margin in the US in the quarter. The coronavirus, as I mentioned, was about 100 basis points. We had auto liability impact of about 130 basis points. And then the extra day was actually positive, Ken, by about $50 million. So the one other piece that I didn’t mention was the SMB initiatives that we previously invested, that was about an 80-point impact. And we’re continuing, Ken, to make those investments through the quarter.

George, maybe, I’ll toss it over to you for a little color on the US business.

George Willis — President of U.S. Operations

Hi, thanks, Brian. And Ken, thanks for the question. And before I answer, I’d like to — first of all, I would like to thank all the UPSers for their heroic efforts and their leadership through this crisis. And as we look into the US, despite the headwinds, we were able to continue to drive efficiency gains in the operations. Brian just spoke to the $100 million impact in corona, also $130 million for insurance and $62 million for pre-pension. Despite strong volume and revenue results, investment efficiency gains, we were not able to offset the impact of the coronavirus and some other headwinds.

Our operating leverage was down for the first quarter since first quarter 2019, but it was driven by elevated miles, which was about 10% and daily stops, which was up about 15% as a result of the elevated B2C. The rapid changes in customer and product mix in the quarter, those were mostly closed businesses. So we did make progress in our transformation initiatives. We generated exceptionally high service levels. As David said, we let the industry and we helped our customers adapt their supply chain.

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, George. And this is a good question. And I want to spend just a little more time on it. And I think it just absolutely verifies the importance of transformation and what we’ve been doing, what we have in place and what we will be doing. Scott, you want to add just a little bit more color to that?

Scott Price — Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer

Thanks, David. So I think it’s important to understand in the quarter that we are continuing to shift resources to the future of UPS, which is faster and nimbler. We have continued to target high-quality growth opportunities, improving our operating leverage with efficiency initiatives, disguised by some of the issues that Brian raised with the focus upon long-term earning power of the Company. Because of the work that we’ve already done in transformation, we believe that we are better prepared to weather the crisis. And as we continue to implement and invest in projects this year, we think that we will continue to see very, very solid numerous benefits in the future as well.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

We’re going to take an online question here. This question comes from multiple analysts, Jordan Alliger over Goldman Sachs and Chris Wetherbee over Citi. Do you think the COVID-19 pandemic will change the long-term dynamics of small/medium businesses and part of the UPS strategy?

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Right. Great question. This is David. And prior to the coronavirus, SMBs were and are a strategic imperative for UPS. And recent events will certainly speed up our SMB strategy. And we are prioritizing our strategies and investments to take advantage of these opportunities as market conditions improve in order to get the greatest long-term benefit. And we are seeing unprecedented and swift changes in market demand, so are our SMB customers at the same time, and more and more they’re seeing the value of our network. Many of these SMBs, especially those that have had the temporary close are actively seeking other avenues and other platforms to conduct their business and to reach new markets.

And Kate, why don’t you share a few stories on what we’re doing in this regard with SMBs?

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

Yeah, absolutely. Thank you. So, as David said, SMBs are priority, and they are really — our solutions are resonating with the SMBs, as we all find ourselves in these unprecedented times. From a demand-generation connection, we’ve got our Digital Access Program. So as some of the demand shifts away from the store on to further online, we actually are seamlessly integrated into where SMBs sell through this program, Stamps.com, Shopify, Amazon Marketplace, and we see vast opportunity in front of us as well, so ensuring they still have mechanisms to reach their consumers. Likewise at this time, they need fulfillment assistance, and we’re seeing of our e-fulfillment and Where To Go solutions really resonating to help them to keep up with the demand on the fulfill side of the house and then of course, that critical time in transit piece, so that they reach their customers in a timely manner.

We’re speeding time in transit, as we’ve said, to over 80% of consumers in the market and through the weekend. This is really helping the SMBs through this difficult time to take advantage of online business. And of course, while the pandemic is upon us, SMBs did face a disproportionate headwind with the shutting of their businesses with stay-at-home restrictions, but UPS is here to help them as they recover when the markets open.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

We’re going to take our next online question. This question comes from Dave Ross over Stifel. What are you seeing in terms of capacity and demand out of Asia and Europe?

Nando Cesarone — President of UPS International

I’ll take that. Thank you, David. It’s Nando. Just, I’ll start with Asia and really what we saw was our average daily volume for the quarter was down 2%, but we saw a bounce back in March to offset early softness. And we still see strong demand today. In the quarter, we were successful at using our broad portfolio of freight, cargo, small package to better utilize our aircraft and serve our customers. We created capacity by reallocating aircraft from other parts of the world to where the demand was and currently is. And we created capacity with purchased transportation where it made sense. We did these things to be where our customers needed us to be, and we did it with industry-leading margins. And we are certainly seizing the opportunity that is in front of us right now in Asia.

A little bit of a different story in Europe. We see Europe is still in recovery. So, still very hard to predict demand at this point in capacity demand and — but I can assure you that the team in Europe is positioned for whatever comes next.

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

This is a great example of the need to show agility in a changing work environment. And this is a very dynamic environment. And many of us when we were kids played musical chairs. Well, in this case, we have to play musical airplanes. We are having to move these aircraft square of the moment, very quickly, making these decisions and just absolutely proud of the way that we’ve been able to do that, but it’s not stopping for a while. It’s going to continue to be that way, and we just have to be responsive for the needs of our customers, and we will continue to do so.

Operator

Our next question will come from the line of David Vernon of Bernstein. Please go ahead.

David Vernon — Bernstein — Analyst

Hey, good morning guys. Thanks for the time. So, Brian, when you call up the added cost for coronavirus and self-insurance, is that — are those costs should start to come out as we move through the rest of the year? Are those going to be recurring? And then, I guess a broader question kind of strategically for the Company would be that even if you were to back out some of those costs, the decrementals here on the e-commerce driven growth are pretty negative. Is there a point where you really feel like you need to have to change the way you’re pricing that business to offset that decremental margin in case this mix shift does kind of stay with us for a while? I guess, I’m just — I’m surprised at the lack of operating leverage even ex-some of those costs.

Brian Newman — Chief Financial Officer

David, just in terms of the cost, your first part of the question, the impact of the coronavirus was felt in two ways. One was from a reduction in the SMB business and the shift to B2C that came through in customer and product mix, which was worth about 120 basis points in terms of the US RPP. We also incurred some costs associated with PPE and other associated opex expense, safety equipment for our folks as well. In terms of continuation, look, we’re going to do whatever it takes to keep our employees safe, and we’ve been preparing for some time for the shift to e-commerce. We’ll monitor that as it comes and adapt accordingly. Thanks, David.

David Vernon — Bernstein — Analyst

And the second part of the question on changing your approach to pricing, some of the residential?

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

All right. David, we’re trying to get to as many questions as possible. Next question is going to come out. We’ve got an email question that’s very similar to that. So we’ll get to that in just a moment. Thank you.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

We’re going to take an online question real quick from Fadi Chamoun over BMO. Would you consider scaling back the dividend if necessary?

Brian Newman — Chief Financial Officer

So look from a dividend perspective, Scott, the dividend remains very important to our investors, we are aware of that. UPS has good liquidity, and we do not expect to impact the dividend. We review it quarterly with our Board. The first priority in our business is to reinvest in the business. We have a very strong ROIC. And there continued to be a number of levers that we can pull to further strengthen our liquidity. So hopefully, that answers the question.

Operator

Our next question will come from the line of Jordan Alliger. Please go ahead.

Jordan Alliger — Goldman Sachs — Analyst

Yeah, hi. You spoke a little bit about the transformation program, I think remaining on track. I’m just sort of curious to give more color around the facilities your plans on opening this year, pulling forward some of the cost for the weekend delivery. And then once we get out from the other side of this, do you expect the leverage to get you back on track from a margin standpoint? I know in terms of what you were thinking about 2022 both from a margin recovery standpoint and additional EPS standpoint. I know there’s a lot of moving parts, but any color around that would be helpful.

George Willis — President of U.S. Operations

Yeah, absolutely, Jordan. Thank you for the question. I’ll start first with the facility investments that we’re making this year. As Brian noted in his opening comments, we will continue to make investments in building capacity across the network. We still are on plan to be able to process 85% of the eligible volume in automated facilities in 2020, which is a significant milestone for us. We’re not changing the view that by 2022, 100% of our eligible volume will be flowing through automation that will provide significant benefits to our UPS. This year, as it relates to our capacity, we will continue to build capacity. We plan on having of roughly 350,000 packages per hour of new or retrofit automated capacity in our network. That’s going to prove very useful during peak season again. All that capacity will be available before peak. The majority of it will be done by the third quarter giving us an opportunity to optimize the utilization of that capacity.

And then, we are still making improvements in the way that we run volume in our existing facilities through the implementation of new technologies. This year, we’re still on the path to implement more autonomous guided vehicles in our facilities to be able to automate the movement of our irregular large size packages, and we’re also in the process of implementing more automated small sorts across the network. Scott?

Scott Price — Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer

In addition to investing in cost, we also invest in new solutions that will continue to help us drive higher quality revenue. A few examples, Kate mentioned reduced transit time making us very competitive with SMBs, seven-day, a week operations, as we continue to expand our Saturday and Sunday, the UPS Flight Forward, an announcement made yesterday in terms of expanding that in CVS. But as Kate mentioned, the UPS Digital Access Program, it’s powerful for SMBs, it will drive that higher quality revenue and importantly, it cements UPS’s position as truly the long-term e-commerce provider of choice.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

We’re going to take a live question. This question comes from Rick Paterson over the Loop Capital. In January, you reported that Amazon accounted for about 11.6% of your total revenue. What is Amazon’s percentage of total sales over — in the first quarter?

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Okay, thanks. And this is David. And we review Amazon’s percent of our global revenue on an annual basis. And so, we announced in January the 11.6%. What I can tell you is their percent in the first quarter of 2020 has really been consistent with their run rate from the start the next day structural shift that we announced in the second quarter of last year. So that trend second, third and four quarter of last year has been very consistent going into the first quarter of this year. I also would like to say that the growth of e-commerce, whether it’s Amazon or other large customers, does make it pretty difficult for any of them to completely insource all of their transportation needs and it does show the value of existing partners, and we believe that we justify that value on a daily basis. So, thank you. And we’ll go to the next question.

Operator

Tom Wadewitz, UBS. Please go ahead.

Tom Wadewitz — UBS — Analyst

Yeah, good morning. And David, congratulations on the retirement. And I know you’ve driven probably a lot more change in UPS and — we would see from the outside. So congratulations on all of the things you’ve done over time as the leader of UPS. I wanted to — I apologize for kind of a near-term question, Brian. But I’m just some having difficulty with visibility here. Do you think that given the big changes end of the quarter that things are meaningfully tougher from a domestic perspective in second quarter or are there — is there room for some adjustment and — that would improve over some seasonality? I’m just wondering on kind of operating income in domestic, second versus first, our margin or any framework you’d care to provide.

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

I’ll start and then Brian if there is anything that you want to jump in, then you can certainly do so. What we have seen in first quarter — at the end of the first quarter has been pretty consistent with what we’ve seen in April. And — but we can’t tell you what we think that’s going to be the rest of the — even the rest of the quarter or certainly, the rest of the year. What we’ve seen in March and April is a reflection of this closure condition that we’re in. At some point in time, we’re going to see that bounce back.

We just don’t know when and we don’t know how far it’s going to bounce back, but as businesses start to open that you’re going to see more B2B increase. And as far as B2C, don’t know that we ever get back to the, what we call, the old normal, but we’re not ready to declare what we see today is a new normal either. So that’s really about as much color we can put on it. I wish the heck we knew more and I wish we could predict what’s going to happen. We just had to deal with where we are today and then, we will adjust accordingly.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

Our next question. We’re going to take an online question from Scott Schneeberger over at Oppenheimer. What steps have UPS taken to balance volume and price in the current environment?

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

Great. Good morning, Scott. So I wanted to start with, of course, our continuous position that we ensure that we get proper returns for the value we create for our customers. Through this unprecedented time, we saw significant changes and characteristics, which I’ll get to, but we also implemented surcharges on our international worldwide products from China and Hong Kong origins. We are also in the US addressing characteristic and pricing changes on a customer-by-customer basis. So when you look at base pricing outside of the characteristic change, we’re still within our range of 2% to 3%. And I did want to zoom in a little bit more on those characteristics changes, the drop in weight with essentials and necessary goods really largely purchased online as well as the largest central shippers with that demand coming their way.

And then, as David mentioned, the stay-at-home restrictions and the shutdown of the commercial businesses would actually impact largely that B2B and B2C mix with 19% growth in B2C and negative 2% in B2B. So those all impacting the view, but the pricing that I noted continues through the period as well as into the future.

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

So pricing is going to be dynamic just like everything else. And with the world projected to go into a recession and with a lot of the indicators that we follow forecasted to go down, we just have to be very careful and watch what we’re doing here. And as the demand indicates and as our — we continue to prove our value, obviously, our goal is to maximize our pricing at the same time keeping our network utilize. So more to come on that, but we’re very attuned to it, and we will make adjustments accordingly.

Operator

We have a question from the line of Chris Wetherbee of Citi. Please go ahead.

Christian Wetherbee — Citigroup Global Markets — Analyst

Hey, thanks. Good morning. Maybe thinking a little bit about some of the longer-term transformation targets, it would seem that a result of what we’re seeing now would be an acceleration of e-commerce growth and sort of a build within your mix towards B2C versus B2B or acceleration of that. How do you think that impacts your ability to hit some of the longer-term transformation targets? And are there things that you’re going to need to do either from a capex perspective or an opex perspective to be able to sort of adapt to that? It seems like it’s happening maybe quicker than we would have expected pre-coronavirus.

Scott Price — Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer

Yes. We — Scott here. Thanks for the question, Chris. So we continue to reaffirm our transformation target. Importantly, I think that transformation, as I mentioned earlier, has set us up for success. We do believe that our previous estimates of acceleration of e-commerce will probably increase as we think over the next five-year period of time. Therefore, the investments we’re making in automation, the investments we’re making in efficiency, we believe, will help us deliver those long-term transformational targets.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

We’re going to take an online question from Todd Fowler over KeyBanc. Discuss what you’re seeing in the secular shifts of — around COVID-19 and how UPS will positions itself to the response of the shift that’s coming out on the recovery side?

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Okay. This is David again. And first, I can tell you that the — going through this pandemic, our highest priority has certainly been the health and safety of our people and our customers and the communities that we deal in. We adopted a lot of new health protocols and procedures in place to make sure that we have done the right things there. And then of course, it really is focusing on what are the opportunities that we believe that are happening here and the shifts that are taking place and it’s really opened itself in two immediate opportunities that also happen to be our strategic imperatives. And it has ramped up our initiatives in these areas. So, Kate, do you want to talk about that a little bit?

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

Yeah, absolutely. I’ll start with healthcare. We have noted previously that healthcare is one of our strategic growth imperatives. We, last year, set up the healthcare division, inclusive of our acquisition of Marken. And we are really involved in the recovery for our customers, the communities at large through this time. So, we also saw high growth in healthcare pre-corona period as well and do expect that to continue. But we’re engaged in with companies like Owens & Minor, CVS and Medtronics and Henry Schein and really helping them as they participate in this recovery. David noted earlier the involvement in FEMA, both with the transportation from Asia to the US, but also in the fulfillment services and the dedicated space that UPS has. Within healthcare, we have 8.1 million square feet dedicated, and that’s really resonating.

And then the other one I would hit on of the strategic growth imperatives is the SMBs, and that’s just a critical area of our business, both now and in the future. I took you through our solutions that are resonating, helping them to grab the online opportunities through this time and in the future and giving them faster time in transit more seamless integration to platforms as we help them to make the most of the situation.

Operator

Our next question will come from the line of Scott Group with Wolfe Research. Please go ahead.

Scott Group — Wolfe Research — Analyst

Hey, thanks. Good morning, guys. So I just want to follow up. I think I heard mid-single-digit volume growth in the US in April. Can you share the — what the B2B and B2C trends are and maybe any color on like number of stops that you’re seeing. And then, I know most of the focus has been on domestic, but any thoughts on International and how you think mix and — mix is trending and how margins typically hold up in a recession here? Thank you.

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

So, Scott, thanks. This is Kate. I would say that what we saw as the stay-at-home restrictions started at the end of March have continued into April. And so, we saw the double-digit growth of B2C, the negative growth on B2B as companies were closed and that continues. So we also — the air softening both from the COVID impact and then also from the wrap [Phonetic] that we noted in Q2 of last year with the structural change in the market. So we are seeing a continuation of that end of March period. In April, that’s largely the US comment, but Nando, I’ll pass it for International.

Nando Cesarone — President of UPS International

Yeah, sure. So we’re seeing similar dynamics on the residential side, but not as pronounced of course as the US business. We do have a selective e-commerce strategy that is really focused on cross-border products and making sure that we’re being compensated for the service we’re providing. And in turn, the margins as you saw with all the changes in the quarter still maintained a pretty decent level. We think that the investments that we’ve made in our European network, the efficiency gains from that, but also the deployment of our 747-8s really have created a lot of great unmatched capabilities and play well into our e-commerce cross-border strategy. Thanks for the question.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

We’re going to take an online question. This question comes from multiple analysts, including Fadi Chamoun of BMO. President Trump has suggested that USPS should raise rates 4x to 5x as part of the broader postal reform, what are the implications for UPS?

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, this is David again. And obviously, we can’t make any comments on our competitors’ rates. But as we stated before, we do support a healthy and a viable USPS, and we have a unique relationship with them. We’re a customer of theirs. They’re a customer of ours. We also compete. And where we are concerned though is their use of funding from declining monopoly products subsidizing competitive products. And we were certainly in agreement with most all of the President’s postal task force recommendations. They were aligned with many of our priorities. And we think if many of them had been implemented that there may be a different situation today regarding the postal service than what exists. We do support the President’s view. The stimulus grants do not solve the underlying issues at the USPS, at the Post Office.

And we think that any government financial support must be accompanied by important business model and cost accounting reform. We don’t believe the role of the government is to pick winners and losers. And when you look at the $10 billion of funding in stimulus 3, you look at $75 billion that’s being asked for in the next stimulus package. If that was left unfettered, it would create a very unlevel playing field. So we are very supportive, but the postal task force recommendations and do believe that there needs to be a focus on reform at the same time.

Operator

We have a question from the line of Scott Schneeberger. Please go ahead.

Scott Schneeberger — Oppenheimer & Co. — Analyst

Thanks very much. Good morning. Could you please discuss volumes and particularly, pricing you’ve encountered on international export parcels and what is the fluctuating level of commercial airlines flying cargo in their belly space over the past few months due to the coronavirus impact? Thanks.

Nando Cesarone — President of UPS International

Yeah. Just — I’ll start off. It’s Nando. Thanks. Just talk about belly capacity for a second. We know it’s limited right now and for a period of time into the future. The industry is down around 80% at this point in time and approximately 70,000 daily tons, so quite a bit of capacity that’s been taken out of the market. Not sure how long the condition will last, but certainly a recovery will most likely happen when businesses — business travel and tourist travel begin again into the future. And that’s really the big question mark. For now, we have added aircraft. We have added flights where we see and it’s appropriate in terms of profitability. We will purchase transportation, but we are dealing with that capacity that’s not available as it was in the past and allowing us to make sure we run our network as efficiently as possible.

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

I’ll just add on the pricing side of it, the market rate in China and the Asian origins have gone up as well as we’ve implemented surcharges during this period to address that as well.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

Our next question is a live question from — or an online question from Brian Ossenbeck over JP Morgan. What other measures to preserve cash or capital are under consideration that’s available to UPS?

Brian Newman — Chief Financial Officer

Thanks very much for the question. It’s Brian. Look, we feel good about our liquidity today in terms of preservation of capital, the priorities to stay liquid, reinvest in the business and fund the dividend. We have taken as mentioned and continue to evaluate several actions to ensure our liquidity. We recently did a $3.5 billion debt issuance, which satisfied our upcoming refinancing needs. We suspended the share buybacks for the rest of the year, which gave us a use of funds reduction of about $800 million. Working capital is a focal point for our teams. We saw good results in Q1. And then, finally, CP and international markets remain open and attractive. So UPS finally has good access to financial revolvers in the event of any unforeseen risks. So I feel good about our liquidity, and I feel like we’re taking the right measures in terms of preservation of capital. Thanks, Scott.

Operator

Our next question will come from the line of David Ross. Please go ahead.

David Ross — Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Inc. — Analyst

Yes. Good morning everyone. Just a question on the cost side of things. The self-insurance accruals headwind of $130 million was — that was significant. And so, if you could just talk a little bit more about that kind of surprised, because the weather was milder winter. Does that from some nuclear verdicts? And does that drive a change in either your insurance policy or self-retention levels? And then also repairs and maintenance is up 30% year-over-year, any comments on that?

Brian Newman — Chief Financial Officer

Thanks for the question. It’s Brian. So in terms of the casualty, auto liability severity really was the driver of that. We are implementing corrective actions to address in the short term. I would say that the trends would probably continue over the next couple of quarters. Specifically, what are we doing? Targeting safety training, installing accident avoidance technology, leveraging data analytics, all of these things are sort of proven to address the auto liability risk, but net-net, once we implement those three initiatives, we’d expect to see significant improvements over time.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

We’re going to take an online question. This comes from Allison over at Wells Fargo. As the wave of the virus moved globally, any lessons learned that you’ve been able to apply and adjust that help you in a positive way?

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, and I talked about a little earlier. The first is going to take care of people and make sure not only that you’re doing the right things, but you’re communicating and making sure people realize that part of being a Critical Infrastructure Business is we were able to operate. And we have learned a lot from that. And then second, this is such a changing environment. And one thing that we have learned from Asia and our learning in Europe and obviously, in the United States is that the needs of our customers change and change quickly. And if you’re going to be a player in that, you have to be able to change with them. So we had to be a very dynamic in our approach and listen. And Kate and her group have spent more time talking to our customers and finding out just exactly what their changing needs are, and it can be from one week to the next. And so, we’ve had to adjust to that.

Another one that’s been very interesting that applies throughout is that a lot of governments with the best of intentions have been changing a lot of the rules and regulations and we have learned that first you talk to them about the effects of those rules and regulations and try to get them to say sometimes that there is a full side of the story that needs to be considered. But then second, if you adjust and you collaborate, then you comply and if you do that and we’ve had 113 years of changing rules, maybe not to the speed that we’re seeing now and we have learned that you adjust to those quickly and then, sometimes you have to make our Board through extra people and other times, you move your assets around, but just got to be very attentive to what’s going on and then very responsive at the same time.

So there are challenges. There is no doubt about it, but there are opportunities, but those opportunities only come to the people that are going to be asserted and are going to read these things quickly and then respond. So that pace of change that we’ve been talking about since we’ve been undergoing transformation has never been any more true than what it is right now. So thank you for that question.

Operator

We have a question from the line of Amit Mehotra of Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.

Amit Mehotra — Deutsche Bank — Analyst

Thanks, operator. Hi, everybody. Thanks for taking my question. I appreciate it. So I think it would just be helpful to get a sense of how you think about the structural margin profile of the domestic business over the long term. I’m not talking about obviously this year or next year, but really four or five years from now, what do you think is an achievable domestic margin and what needs to happen between now and then for you to be able to achieve that?

And obviously, that question is in the context of seemingly accelerating B2C volume mix, but then also overlaid with some successes you’ve had bending the cost curve really in the back half of last year from a cost per piece perspective. So if you can just talk about kind of the four to five-year, what’s achievable from a domestic margin perspective? Thank you.

Brian Newman — Chief Financial Officer

So why don’t I take the outlook portion, and then I’ll kick it to Kate for a little color. Look, we withdrew our guidance this morning. So I don’t think it’s appropriate to be talking about that looking down three or four years in terms of what the margins will do. We’ll come back to you with that when the timing is right, but Kate, do you want to give some color?

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

Yeah, absolutely. So our pricing strategy, overall, of course, is to match the pricing with the value that we deliver for our customers. Now, what you’re seeing and we are all seeing in this time is big shifts with characteristics, so addressing those. When I say characteristics, weight, when people are buying essentials that come out as each as so single, you see a big weight drop and ensuring that we continue to help customers with heavy weight solutions, density solutions, you’ve heard us about — talk about synthetic density. That’s a part of the pricing structure and strategy, because the more you can get people to match up at our expansive Access Point Network, then it’s a commercial delivery, lower cost, lower price for them. So we maintain the — our focus on revenue quality through the future and then, also have learned quite a bit of course with the characteristics swings that we see currently.

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

So the key to margins and whether it’s five months, five years or 50 years down the road, right, it’s going to be the value that you provide to your customers and the services that we offer and how we price those and then is going to be on looking at our cost structure and that’s one of the big things that transformation is focused on and it will continue. And Scott, do you want to just talk a little bit more about — a little bit longer term what we’re focusing on from a transformation standpoint?

Scott Price — Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer

Yeah. Thanks David. So the transformation program is multi-year. And as I mentioned before, it’s focused on how we enable and invest in higher revenue business, but also how we protect margin through reductions in costs. So one, cover the reduction in costs that we’re making through automation and technology. We also continue to invest in a more efficient business overall. Our cost per piece in the long term, we see as an opportunity to continue to invest to reduce. We have continued to invest over these periods of times in our competitiveness, both in terms of revenue and cost, and we’ll continue to do that with the expectation that a net total shareholder value will increase.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

We’re going to take an online question. This comes from Jordan Alliger over at Goldman Sachs. Do you expect to see more growth potential from e-commerce post the pandemic, due to the consumers moving more to online orders?

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

Thanks, Jordan. So I would say that, yes, we expected to see more online orders regardless even prior to the pandemic, just as more and more consumers are shifting online as well as then sellers have migrated and are connected to different platforms and the like for ease to reach their consumers. And then, of course, with the pandemic, there are various reports out there saying that online purchasing will be migrating in advance of four to five years depending on which report you go to. So we do see an increase there, and we’re well positioned through our solutions such as digital access platform. And Scott, you want to expand on that?

Scott Price — Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer

Yeah. So I think what’s important is that we have tracked over the last several years, a number of market dynamics. But I think substantially, the brick-and-mortar world has had reset. What that reset will mean into the long term is not yet clear until we emerge into recovery, but I think that there is now a behavior that is baked, and we continue to assess now what our estimates are going to be. One, the penetration of retail in terms of digital platforms and then, what volume that creates for UPS.

Operator

We have a question from the line of Jack Atkins. Please go ahead.

Jack Atkins — Stephens Inc. — Analyst

Good morning. Thank you very much for taking my question. So I guess, this is directed towards Kate. Could you talk for a moment about how you see supply chains perhaps structurally changing as we sort of emerged from the coronavirus pandemic? Especially on the heels of the trade war, do you think we could see more nearshoring activity moving forward, maybe more of a demand for more safety stock and more inventory? I’m just curious how UPS is being positioned for what could be some larger structural changes here. Thank you.

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

Yeah, absolutely. Thanks so much, Jack, for the question. We do see shifts and even prior to with the different tariff discussions that were going on in the world. Our customers more than ever were reaching out to us. And we were doing solutions redesigns globally for them to help them evaluate how they would be more protected by having production in different parts of the world. So I think that continues. It only magnifies with any situation like a pandemic.

What we bring to them is, first of all, our solutions approach having engineering and design time when they may not have resources available, but then our network supports our portfolio that helps them right from origin throughout the globe although forwarding moves, whether ocean or air and then fulfillment has really taken off, I think the answer is clearly yes, through this pandemic, especially with small and medium-sized businesses that didn’t have fulfillment options and did need to pivot. We’ve seen a really big uptick there as well as the time in transit that we know is so critical, fastest in the world, fastest in Europe and then also with our enhanced time in transit in the US. All of those position us well for this continued trend of looking at customer supply chain.

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

So we have this team of supply chain solutions’ experts and that really focus on solutions. And we also have an advanced technology group that is going to play a — even greater role. And with the agility, this is going to be required, you see those two teams working together well along with our engineers. And at the end of the day, if we listen to our customers, if we will take a look at how we can make a difference and if we make sure that we’re looking further down the road than just immediate needs, then we can continue to add to the value that we provide. Great question.

Operator

And we have a question from the line of Brandon Oglenski. Please go ahead.

Brandon Oglenski — Barclays Capital — Analyst

Hi, thank you for taking my question. So, David, I just want to come back to the pricing discussion, especially with the comments you guys made on your international selective e-commerce growth strategy where you do have higher returns. What is different about the US market, because as we’ve seen B2C get big over the past decade, which has been a pretty strong correlation with longer profitability? So is this something about the competitive landscape potentially with the Post Office or potentially Amazon insourcing more in the future that has you a little bit more fearful or is it even something with your Teamster cost structure that just doesn’t allow you to extract greater return on that B2C traffic?

Kate Gutmann — Chief Sales and Solutions Officer

Yes. So, Brandon, this is Kate. I’ll address that. For the US, specifically with the pricing, I do want to underscore. 2.2% was the base pricing increase, and we are actually implementing pricing changes and also solutions that will impact characteristics. But we’re doing a customer-by-customer. If you think about the US, SMBs are most impacted by the stay-at-home with businesses closing and then, we see the large customers who were actually gaining the demand for the essential products especially, and that’s why we’ve decided to selectively through customer-by-customer pricing increase that and then achieve that 2.2%. The characteristic change that’s going on can mask that and that’s why I wanted to make sure I clarify that for the US.

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

All right. And then, it’s really a balance. You want to take advantage of the opportunities and you want to certainly price for the value that you bring. At the same time though, you have to look at utilization of the network and with these — with this recession is being predicted globally, if and there are so many ifs out there that we just don’t know what’s going to happen. But if demand drops and due to the recession and we have to make sure we respond accordingly there too, so it will be extremely hard and it’s why we withdrew guidance to give any kind of future prediction on what we’re going to do with pricing that’s further out than where we are now.

A lot of it’s going to depend on what we see unfold over the next few months hopefully, but could go further than that. So we’ll have to just take a look and see. But I appreciate the question and it’s something we ask ourselves on a regular basis. And Kate’s referred to this range that we’re talking about 2% to 3%, she has also made it very clear that we never see that as a barrier that the value that we provide gives us opportunity of course with the increase and operate above the range, that’s for sure.

Operator

That concludes our Q&A. I will now turn the program back over to Mr. Childress. Please go ahead, sir.

Scott Childress — Investor Relations Officer

Thank you, Steven. And David, closing comments?

David P. Abney — Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Scott. And certainly a dynamic environment and somebody had asked me a couple of years ago, if we’d be facing what we are today or if I would be facing on my last earnings call talking about withdrawing guidance and the uncertainty that we have seen, I just wouldn’t have believed that, but it is the world that we’re in. UPS has responded well not only to the needs of our customers, but also the governments around the world. And I’m really pleased with the response of UPSers.

I am truly grateful for the wonderful career that UPS has enabled me to have. And like many fellow UPSers past and present, I have gotten a chance to live The American Dream through the opportunities of this great, great company. And throughout my journey from a part-time package handler in Mississippi years ago to becoming CEO, it’s just been a real privilege to have worked alongside you for those 46 years. And to our customers, investors and brands, I truly value the relationships that I’ve made over the years, many of which have turned into long-lasting friendships. And I’ve never counted the number of earnings calls. I know some do, but — that I’ve participated on as COO or CEO, but what’s most important, it’s been an honor to speak with and hear from all of you over the years.

Carol will lead the next earnings call. I am absolutely confident you will be in great hands with her. And I just want to thank everyone for joining us today and urge you to stay safe and stay healthy, and that’s the end of our call. Thank you.